Supporting the Development Supporting the Development of Cost-Effective Paratransit of Cost-Effective Paratransit Options:Options:The U.S.’ Section 5310 The U.S.’ Section 5310 ProgramProgram

Transed 2012Transed 2012Delhi, IndiaDelhi, IndiaSeptember 17-21, September 17-21, 2012 2012

Importance of ParatransitImportance of Paratransit

About 20% of Persons with Disabilities About 20% of Persons with Disabilities in Areas with Access to Public Transport in Areas with Access to Public Transport Cannot Use Even If AccessibleCannot Use Even If Accessible

In U.S., Paratransit Service Provided for In U.S., Paratransit Service Provided for Individuals Who Cannot Use Accessible Individuals Who Cannot Use Accessible Bus and Rail SystemsBus and Rail Systems

ADA Paratransit Cost Ranges from $20 ADA Paratransit Cost Ranges from $20 to $40 Per Tripto $40 Per Trip

About 70 Million ADA Trips per YearAbout 70 Million ADA Trips per Year

Importance of ParatransitImportance of Paratransit

40% of Counties in the U.S. Have No Public 40% of Counties in the U.S. Have No Public Transport ServicesTransport Services

Only Transportation Service Available is Only Transportation Service Available is Service Provided by Disability Service Provided by Disability Organizations and Human Service AgenciesOrganizations and Human Service Agencies

U.S. Section 5310 Program Supports These U.S. Section 5310 Program Supports These ServicesServices

Also Supplements ADA Paratransit in Urban Also Supplements ADA Paratransit in Urban Areas Areas

Section 5310 ProgramSection 5310 Program

Started in 1974 – Pre-Dates ADA by 16 Started in 1974 – Pre-Dates ADA by 16 YearsYears

“…“…provide formula funding to States for the provide formula funding to States for the purpose of assisting private non-profit purpose of assisting private non-profit groups in meeting the transportation groups in meeting the transportation needs of the elderly and persons with needs of the elderly and persons with disabilities when the transportation disabilities when the transportation system provided is unavailable, system provided is unavailable, insufficient, or inappropriate to meeting insufficient, or inappropriate to meeting these needs…”these needs…”

Section 5310 ProgramSection 5310 Program

80% Federal Funding for Capital 80% Federal Funding for Capital Equipment (Vehicles, Radio Systems, Equipment (Vehicles, Radio Systems, Computer Systems)Computer Systems)

Funding Allocated by Formula to Funding Allocated by Formula to States; Program Administered By State States; Program Administered By State Agencies (DOTs)Agencies (DOTs)

State or Recipient Agency Provides State or Recipient Agency Provides 20% Local Match 20% Local Match

Section 5310 Program Section 5310 Program

Equipment Owned by Equipment Owned by Recipient AgenciesRecipient Agencies

States Maintain Lien States Maintain Lien for Defined Useful Lifefor Defined Useful Life

Lien Released After Lien Released After Useful LifeUseful Life

Many States Conduct Many States Conduct Coordinated Coordinated Statewide Statewide Procurements Procurements

Section 5310 Program:Section 5310 Program:Recent Changes Recent Changes

States Can Award States Can Award Funding to Public Funding to Public Transport Systems Transport Systems Who Coordinate Who Coordinate Services in Their AreasServices in Their Areas

Eligible Expenses Eligible Expenses Expanded to Include Expanded to Include Extended Warranties, Extended Warranties, Prevent. Maint. & Prevent. Maint. & Repair, Vehicle Lease Repair, Vehicle Lease Costs Costs

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)Figure 1. Section 5310 Funds Apportioned,

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Figure 3. Vehicles Purchased by Year, FY 1998 - FY 2011

30-40' Buses Minibuses Vans Sedans Other TotalFY02 17 982 1,159 18 3 2,179FY03 21 1,000 970 6 1 1,998FY04 24 868 938 6 1 1,837FY05 28 1,086 1,052 54 0 2,220FY06 41 1,130 976 52 1 2,200FY07 189 870 1,079 65 1 2,204FY08 36 770 1,083 17 0 1,906FY09 49 1,257 988 25 0 2,319TOTALS 405 7,963 8,245 243 7 16,863

75% of Vehicles are Lift or Ramp Equipped

Type of Local Recipient Agency Percent of All Recipients Senior Services Agency 39.4% Agency Service Persons with Intellectual Disabilities 24.4% Public Transit Coordinated Service Agency 18.1% General Social Service of Community Service Agency 7.9% Other Disability Services Organization 4.7% Other 5.5% TOTAL 100%

14%

9%

49%

28%

Figure 2. Recipient Agencies by Geographic Area

Urbanized Area > 200,000 Urbanized Area 50,000-200,000

Rural Communities Rural and Urban

2002 (Estimated)1 2010 (Estimated)2 Number of Local Recipient Agencies 4,835 3,276 Number of Vehicles Operated 7,418 NA Number of One-Way Trips Provided 38,036,024 47,423,896

Increased Accessibility of Recipient Fleets from 33% to 47%

In Rural Areas Accessibility Increased from 19% to 39%

Impacts and Cost-Impacts and Cost-EffectivenessEffectiveness

$2.82 Federal $2.82 Federal Subsidy per TripSubsidy per Trip

““Multiplier Multiplier Effect”: Effect”: Generates Local Generates Local Operating Operating Funding from Funding from Communities and Communities and Recipient Recipient AgenciesAgencies

Impacts and Cost-Impacts and Cost-EffectivenessEffectiveness

100% County 100% County Coverage in 12 Coverage in 12 StatesStates

70-99% County 70-99% County Coverage in 17 Coverage in 17 StatesStates

Programs Often Programs Often the Start of Local the Start of Local Public Transit Public Transit Systems Systems

Section 5310 ProgramSection 5310 Program

Model for Starting National Network of Model for Starting National Network of Accessible Paratransit Services?Accessible Paratransit Services?

Can Build on Existing NGOsCan Build on Existing NGOs Model for International Aid Model for International Aid

Organizations Seeking to Support Organizations Seeking to Support Development of Accessible Development of Accessible Transportation Services? Transportation Services?