suggestions participatory assessment tools and … · suggestions participatory assessment tools...

Report of Expert group meeting on modalities for review and appraisal of MIPAA.10-12 November 2003, Malta.

1

Annex

Suggestions Participatory Assessment Tools and Indicators for National Review and Appraisal of theMadrid International Plan of Action on Ageing

This table suggests two approaches to monitoring the implementation of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA):first, the participatory assessment tools (column three) for gathering qualitative information, and, second, indicators (column four),along with the possible sources of data for compiling the indicators (column five). Both the participatory assessment tools and thesuggested indicators aim to assist governments in monitoring the process of reaching the objectives that pertain to the priority issueswithin the three priority directions of MIPAA.

The participatory assessment tools are the central and most essential component of the bottom-up approach to national and localreview and appraisal exercises. Their use allows a different type of information to emerge, which may be more qualitative in nature, tocomplement quantitative monitoring. The bottom-up approach intends to provide direct feedback from individuals and groups aboutthe achievement of specific objectives.

The proposed indicators are formulated on the basis of actions as recommended in MIPAA. Two types of indicators are proposed:instrumental and outcome. The instrumental indicators are suggested for mainly quantitative evaluation of the availability, scope andcoverage of programmes and policies, which have been adopted to address issues of population ageing and improve the well-being ofolder persons. This type of indicator could be compiled on the basis of already existing statistical data, as appropriate and available.The principal sources of data are reports of government, NGOs, private sector and international organizations. The outcome indicatorsattempt to identify positive or negative changes in the quality of life as well as in socio-economic conditions and in the health of olderpersons. Both quantitative and qualitative indicators are suggested.

It should be emphasized that participatory assessment tools and indicators could be used simultaneously, or in parallel, for monitoring,review and appraisal of MIPAA.


2

PriorityDirections/Issues

Objectives Participatoryassessment tools forbottom-up approach

Suggested Indicators Sources of data forsuggested indicators

(collected data should beorganized according to

gender and 5-year intervalage subgroups)

Priority directionI: Older personsand developmentIssue 1: Activeparticipation insociety anddevelopment

Objective 1: Recognitionof the social, cultural,economic and politicalcontribution of olderpersons

1. Focus groups1

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting and facilitatingparticipation of older personsin social, political, cultural andeconomic matters

1. Information fromgovernments, NGOs, privatesector and religious institutions

2. Institutional analysis2

1 A research tool which involves intensive discussion and interviewing of small groups of people, on a given focus or issue, and usually on a number of occasionsover a period of time (A Dictionary of Sociology, Oxford, 1998)2 Institutional analysis attempts to describe an institution on the basis of relevant statistics, finances, staff, and other information pertaining to the institution.


3

Outcome:1. Percentage of older personsamong volunteers and/orpercentage of volunteers amongolder persons2. Percentage of membership ofolder person in a club,organization or religiousinstitution3

3. Percentage of older personsreporting voted in last election4

4. Percentage of older personscaring for grandchildren

1. Survey5

2. Government reports3. Information from organizations4. Electoral register

Instrumental:

1. Number of decision-makingbodies with older personsparticipating at all levels

2. Number of organizations ofolder persons representingthem in decision-making

1. Government andmunicipality information2. NGO reports3. Community basedorganizations’ (CBO) information4. Institutional analysis

Objective 2: Participationof older persons indecision-making processesat all levels

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsin decision-making entities(city councils, chairs heldwithin organizations andinstitutions)

1. Survey

3 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on Ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 20014 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on Ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 20015 Household surveys are used most often to collect information based on small but representative samples of households. Household surveys can be conducted bycontacting respondents in person, by telephone or by mail.


4

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of policies to increaselabour market participation ofolder persons

2. Unemployment rate of olderpersons and incidence of long-term unemployment (more thanone year) (ref. to MDGindicator 45)7

1. Government information

2. Trade union information

3. MDG reports if age-disaggregated

Issue 2: Work andthe ageing labourforce

Objective 1: Employmentopportunities for all olderpersons who want to work

1. Time use surveys2. Livelihood analysis6

3. Focus groups

Outcome:1. Employment ratio of olderpersons compared to generalpopulation2. Percentage of older women inwage employment in the non-agricultural sector (ref. to MDGindicator 11)3. Labour force participation ofolder persons

4. Percentage of older personsin informal sector aspercentage of total employment

5. Percentage of businessesowned by older persons

1. National census2. Use of ILO data3. Survey4. MDG reports if age-disaggregated5. Labour force surveys

6 Livelihood analysis involves empirical investigation of combinations of modes of livelihood and, above all, of relationships between them in a particularhistorical context. ( http://www.chronicpoverty.org/pdfs/livelihoods.pdf)7 For this and all the following references to MDG indicators, please see Annex III


5

Instrumental:

1. Percentage of national(municipal, local) budget spenton programmes targetedtowards older persons residingin rural areas

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of credits provided toolder persons channeledthrough Microcredit and/orother institutions in rural areas


2. NGO information

3. Private sector (banking)information

Objective 1: Improvingthe living conditions andinfrastructure in ruralareas

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of rural olderpersons involved in small-scaleenterprises2. Percentage of rural older

persons receiving basic socialservices (i.e. health services,transportation, safe water)

1. National census

2. Survey

3. Agricultural census

Issue 3: Ruraldevelopment,migration andurbanization

Objective 2: Alleviationof the marginalization ofolder persons in ruralareas

1. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of community careprogrammes for older personsin rural areas (social, water,health, transport)

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting empowerment ofolder persons in rural areas


2. Civil society information

3. Information fromcooperatives


6

Outcome:

1. Percentage of non-institutionalized older personsreceiving formal communitysupport services (health, food,care support) in rural areas8

1. Survey

2. Information from religiousinstitutions, NGOs

3. Information from privatesector

Instrumental:

1. Percentage of internal andinternational older migrantswith or without workingknowledge of local language

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesgeared to integrating oldermigrants

1. National census

2. Mobility maps9


Objective 3: Integrationof older migrants withintheir new communities

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older migrantsbenefiting from migrant-specific governmentprogrammes (language classes,cultural and social exchange)

1. Survey

Issue 4: Access toknowledge,education andtraining

Objective 1: Equality ofopportunity throughoutlife with respect tocontinuing education,training and retrainingas well as vocational

1. Individual interviews

2. Oral history

3. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesfocusing on continuingeducation (training andretraining) for older persons


2. NGO information

8 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on Ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 20019 Mapping the internal migration of individuals in communities, provinces or at the national level.


7

guidance and placementservices

Outcome:

1. Highest educationalattainment of older persons10

2. Literacy rate of older persons11 (ref. to MDG indicator 8)3. Ratio of literate females tomales among older persons(ref. to MDG indicator 10)

4. Percentage of older personsenrolled in educational/trainingprogrammes

5. Telephone lines per 1000older persons (ref. to MDGindicator 47)

6. Personal computers per 1000older persons (ref. to MDGindicator 48)

1. Survey


3. National census


5. School records

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesgeared towards including olderpersons in mentoring/trainingfor younger generations

1. Government information2. NGO information3. Academia information4. Private sector information

5. UN agency reports

Objective 2: Fullutilization of thepotential and expertiseof persons of all ages,recognizing the benefitsof increased expertisewith age

1. Historical profile12

2. Oral history

3. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsparticipating inmentoring/training programmes

1. Survey

2. School records

3. NGO information

4. UN agency reports

10 United Nations, Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses, Revision 1, New York, 199811 United Nations, Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses, Revision 1, New York, 199812 Description of evolution of an organization and its activities reflecting changes over time


8

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of initiatives forstrengthening greater inter-generational solidarity


2. NGO information

3. School curriculum andreports

Issue 5:Intergenerationalsolidarity

Objective 1:Strengthening ofsolidarity through equityand reciprocity betweengenerations

1. Interviews with people ofdifferent age groups

2. Focus groups

3. School competition onperceptions of ageing Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personswith a positive view towardyounger/older generation

2. Percentage of older personsproviding support (e.g.,monetary, care, etc.) to youngermembers of family/community/ neighbourhood)

3. Percentage of youngerpersons having a positive viewabout older persons

1. Survey

2. CBO’s information

3. Media survey

Issue 6: Eradicationof poverty

Objective 1: Reductionof poverty among olderpersons

1. Livelihood analysis

2. Institutional analysis

3. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of poverty reductionstrategies of the government,such as Poverty ReductionStrategy Papers (PRSPs),which include older persons asa target group

1. Information from MDGreports

2. Government information onPRSPs


9

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsliving below national povertyline13

2. Percentage of older personsliving below internationalpoverty line ($1/day)14 (ref. toMDG indicator 1)

1. Survey


Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of legislationensuring basic social protectionfor all ages

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmes ofsocial protection such as non-contributory pensions


Issue 7: Incomesecurity, socialprotection/socialsecurity andpoverty prevention

Objective 1: Promotionof programmes to enableall workers to acquirebasic socialprotection/socialsecurity, including whereapplicable, pensions,disability insurance andhealth benefits


2. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsbenefiting from basic socialsecurity/protection programmes

2. Percentage of older personsusing various public healthservices

3. Worker to retiree ratio

4. Percentage of health serviceusers who are satisfied withreceived services

1. Survey


3. NGO information

13 World Bank: World Development Report 2000/2001, New York, 200114 World Bank: World Development Report 2000/2001, New York, 2001


10

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of public and privateprogrammes designed to ensuresufficient minimum income forall older persons


2. Private sector information

3. NGO information

Objective 2: Sufficientminimum income for allolder persons, payingparticular attention tosocially andeconomicallydisadvantaged groups


2. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsreceiving minimum income

2. Percentage of older personsable to meet their needs onminimum income provided

3. Sources of income, includinglabour, pensions, or familytransfers

1. Survey



4. NGO information

Issue 8: Emergencysituations

Objective 1: Equalaccess by older personsto food, shelter andmedical care and otherservices during and afternatural disasters andother humanitarianemergencies

1. Focus groups

2. Interviews

3. Oral history, includinghistory of natural disasters

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of governmentprogrammes for older personsin emergency situations

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmes ofhumanitarian and disaster reliefagencies targeting olderpersons

3. Involvement of older personsin decision-making emergencysituations


2. NGO information


11

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personswho have received appropriateassistance in an emergencysituation

2. Percentage of older personswho were targeted inprogrammes of humanitarianand disaster relief agencies

3. Participation of olderpersons in decision-makingstructures on emergencysituations

1. Survey

2. UN agency reports (e.g.,UNHCR, WFP, FAO, WHO)

Objective 2: Enhancedcontributions of olderpersons to thereestablishment andreconstruction ofcommunities and therebuilding of the social

1.Ffocus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of governmentprogrammes which includecontributions of older personsto deal with emergencysituations


2. NGO information


12

fabric followingemergencies

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personscontributing to rebuilding ofsociety (community) afteremergency situations

1. Survey

2. NGO information

Prioritydirection II:Advancinghealth and well-being into oldage


13

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of gender-specifichealth/active ageing targets

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting healthy and activeageing including reduction ofbehavioral risk factors andenvironmental risk factors at allages but with particularattention to persons older than50 years

3 Availability of researchprojects identifying risk factorsat different ages

4. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesempowering older persons inpromoting health or preventingand managing diseases


2. NGO information

3. Research reports

Issue 1: Healthpromotion and well-being throughoutlife

Objective 1: Reductionof the cumulative effectsof factors that increasethe risk of disease andconsequently potentialdependence in older age

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Reduction of risk factors(prevalence of smoking,physical inactivity,overweight/obesity, alcoholabuse, etc.)

1. Survey

5. Research reports


14

Objective 2:Development of policiesto prevent ill-healthamong older persons

1. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of non-communicabledisease prevention programmes(including mental, vision,hearing and dental health)particularly at the primary healthcare level

2. Adoption of safety standardsto prevent injuries at all ages

3. Availability, scope andcoverage of age-friendlyprimary health care facilities

4. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting health relatedquality of life and generalquality of life


2. Trade unions information

3. MDG reports

4. WHO reports

5. NGO reports

6. Research reports


15

Outcome:

1. Life expectancy

2. Healthy life expectancy

3. Changes of life quality

3. Disability rate

4. Chronic disease morbidity

1. National census

2. Survey

3. National HumanDevelopment Report

4. Assessment of quality oflife15

5. . Epidemiologicalsurveillance, includingnoncommunicable diseasesurveillance16

6. WHO statistics: healthy lifeexpectancy (HALE)17

Objective 3: Access tofood and adequatenutrition for all olderpersons

1. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability of nationaldietary goals for all ages

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of community-basedbalanced nutritionalprogrammes which includepersons of all ages


2. NGO information

15 For approaches to assessment of quality of life, please consult the WHO website introducing the WHOQOL instruments(http://www.who.int/evidence/assessment-instruments/qol/)16 http://www.who.int/ncd_surveillance/infobase/en/17 http://www3.who.int/whosis/hale


16

Outcome:

1. Percentage of householdswith older persons withsustainable and accessible safewater

2. Proportion of older personswith sustainable access to animproved water source (ref. toMDG indicator 29)

3. Percentage of older personshaving access to community-based balanced nutritionalprogrammes

4. Percentage of older personsbelow minimum level ofdietary energy consumption(ref. to MDG indicator 5)

5. Prevalence of malnutritionamong older persons

1. National census2. Survey3. MDG reports if age-disaggregated

Issue 2: Universaland equal access tohealth-care services

Objective 1: Eliminationof social and economicinequalities based onage, gender or any otherground, includinglinguistic barriers, toensure that olderpersons have universaland equal access tohealth care

1. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of community-basedprogrammes for universal andequal access and utilization ofhealth services with particularfocus on discriminated groupsof older persons

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesfacilitating the use by olderpersons of health care services


2. NGO information


17

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personshaving access to health andrehabilitation resources

2. Proportion of olderpopulation with access toaffordable essential drugs (ref.to MDG indicator 46)

3. Availability of assistivedevices and home basedservices without age limits

1. Survey


Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of community-basedprogrammes for universal andequal access to primary healthcare services


2. NGO information

Objective 2:Development andstrengthening ofprimary health-careservices to meet theneeds of older personsand promote theirinclusion in the process

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personshaving access to primary healthcare services

1. Survey


18

Instrumental:

1. Establishment of guidelines,standards and norms of healthcare and rehabilitation servicesfor older persons

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of community-basedprogrammes establishing andcoordinating a full range ofhealth care services

3. Availability, scope andcoverage of health carefacilities with specialized carefor older clients18


2. NGO information

Objective 3:Development of acontinuum of health careto meet the needs ofolder persons

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. List of all health careservices ever used by olderpersons

2. Subjective satisfaction of thefulfillment of older persons’ needs

1. Survey


3. NGO information

Objective 4:Involvement of olderpersons in thedevelopment andstrengthening of

1. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmes thatwere developed with theinvolvement of older persons


2. NGO information

18 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 2001


19

primary and long-termcare services

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personshaving participated in theplanning, implementation andevaluation of health careprogrammes

1. Survey

Instrumental:

1. Inclusion of data on olderpersons in national HIV/AIDSstatistics (both infected and care-givers)


2. NGO information

Issue 3: Olderpersons andHIV/AIDS

Objective 1:Improvement in theassessment of the impactof HIV/AIDS on thehealth of older persons,both for those who areinfected and those whoare caregivers forinfected of survivingfamily members

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. HIV prevalence among olderpersons

2. Percentage of householdswith older persons affected byHIV/AIDS19

3. Contraceptive prevalencerate among older persons (ref.to MDG indicator 19)

1. Survey




20

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of informationcampaigns on HIV/AIDStargeting older persons

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of trainingprogrammes in care givingskills and medical careimplemented for oldercaregivers of HIV/AIDSpatients

3. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesproviding social support forolder caregivers of HIV/AIDSpatients


2. NGO information

Objective 2: Provision ofadequate information,training in caregivingskills, medical care andsocial support to olderpersons living withHIV/AIDS and theircaregivers

1. NGO informationincluding faith-based groups

2. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsreporting to be informed aboutvarious aspects of HIV/AIDS

2. Percentage of oldercaregivers of HIV/AIDSpatients receiving training incaregiving skills and medicalcare programmes

3. Percentage of oldercaregivers of HIV/AIDSpatients receiving socialsupport programmes

1. Survey


21

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of community-basedprogrammes promotingrecognition of the contributionof older persons as caregiversfor HIV/AIDS patients


Objective 3:Enhancement andrecognition of thecontribution of olderpersons to developmentin their role ascaregivers for childrenwith chronic diseases,including HIV/AIDS,and as surrogate parents

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personscaring for orphanedgrandchildren/kin20

2. Percentage of older personscaring for adult children withHIV/AIDS21

3. Percentage of older personscaring for grandchildren withHIV/AIDS22

1. Survey

2. Media analysis

3. NGO information includingfrom faith-based groups

20 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 200121 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 200122 HelpAge International, WHO, U.S. National Institute on Aging, Indicators for the Minimum Data Set Project on ageing: A critical review in sub-SaharanAfrica, (WHO/EIP/GPE/01.1), Geneva, 2001


22

Instrumental:

1. Number of primary healthcare workers (doctors, nurses,physical therapists, districthealth workers, lab technicians,social workers et al.) trained incore competencies of geriatrics

2. Number of geriatricians ingeriatric care

3. Number of health care andsocial care professionals withtraining in the care of olderclients, per capita23

4. Number of informalcaregivers trained in basicknowledge regarding thespecial care of older persons


2. Survey

Issue 4: Training ofcare providers andhealth professionals

Objective 1: Provision ofimproved informationand training for healthprofessionals and para-professionals on theneeds of older persons

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personshaving received health care byspecialized geriatric services

2. Percentage of older personsreceiving informal care fromtrained people

1. Survey



23

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmes andservices designed to developcomprehensive mental health-care services for older personsat all levels, particularly at thecommunity level

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of preventionprogrammes devoted to mentalhealth


2. NGO information

Issue 5: Mentalhealth needs ofolder persons

Objective 1:Development ofcomprehensive mentalhealth-care servicesranging from preventionto early intervention, theprovision of treatmentservices and themanagement of mentalhealth problems in olderpersons

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Age disaggregatedprevalence and incidence ofmental health problems

2. Percentage of older personshaving received mental health-care services in the last twelvemonths


2. Survey

3. WHO statistics


24

Issue 6: Olderpersons anddisabilities

Objective 1:Maintenance ofmaximum functionalcapacity throughout thelife course andpromotion of the fullparticipation of olderpersons with disabilities

1. Focus groups

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesaiming at maintaining thehighest level of functionalcapacity throughout the lifecourse

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of policies andprogrammes creating an age-friendly environment

3. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesdealing with disabilities at allages


2. NGO information


25

Outcome:

1. Number of older personscovered by programmes aimedat preventing the decline offunctional capacities

2. Number of dwelling unitsadapted to the needs of olderpersons with disabilities

1. Survey

2. Research findings

Prioritydirection III:Ensuringenabling andsupportiveenvironmentsIssue 1: Housingand the livingenvironment

Objective 1: Promotionof “ageing in place” in the community with dueregard to individualpreferences andaffordable housing

1. Focus groups

2. Seminars/conferences andconsultation fora

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting age-integratedcommunity


2. NGO information

3. Survey



26

options for older persons Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsreporting on their housing andliving conditions as age-adequate

2. Percentage of householdswith older persons having atoilet, bathing facilities, sewagedisposal, solid waste disposal,electric lighting, improvedsanitation and safe water

1. National census2. Survey3. MDG reports if age-disaggregated

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting independent living,mobility and accessibility


2. NGO information

Objective 2:Improvement in housingand environmentaldesign to promoteindependent living bytaking into account theneeds of older personsparticular those withdisabilities

1. Focus groups


Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsliving on their own with needsof and receiving support

2. Percentage of older personswith needs of but not receivingsupport

3. Percentage of older personsreceiving mobile/extramuralservices

1. Survey

Objective 3: Improvedavailability of accessibleand affordabletransportation for olderpersons

1. Focus groups


Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmespromoting availability ofbarrier-free and appropriatepublic and privatetransportation systems



27

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsexpressing their satisfactionwith the transportation systems

1. Survey

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesfacilitating family andcommunity care for olderpersons


2. NGO information


Objective 1: Provision ofa continuum of care andservices for olderpersons from varioussources and support forcaregivers

1. Focus groups


Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsreceiving family, communityand government supportservices

2. Percentage of family andcommunity care-giversreceiving government supportservices

3. Percentage of care-giversexpressing satisfaction withsupport received in their role ascare-givers

1. Survey

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of supportprogrammes for oldercaregivers


2. NGO information

Issue 2: Care andsupport forcaregivers

Objective 2: Support thecaregiving role of olderpersons, particularlyolder women

1. Focus groups


Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personsproviding care

1. Survey


28

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of legislation tocombat elder neglect, abuseand violence

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmescombating neglect, abuse andviolence against older persons,including programmes forawareness building among thegeneral public and training ofhealth and social servicesprofessionals regardingcharacteristics of neglect, abuseand violence against olderpersons

3. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesfacilitating report of neglect,abuse and violence againstolder persons

4. Development of toolsdetecting neglect, abuse andviolence against older persons

1. Government information2. NGO information

3. Police, hospital and socialservices records

Issue 3: Neglect,abuse and violence

Objective 1: Eliminationof all forms of neglect,abuse and violence ofolder persons

1. Focus groups

Outcome:

1. Percentage of older victimsreporting neglect and abuse

2. Incidences of reports byolder persons of neglect, abuseand violence

3. Incidences of reports byothers on neglect, abuse andviolence against older persons

1. Survey

2. NGO information

3.Police, social services andhospital records


29

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmesproviding support services toolder victims of neglect, abuseand violence


2. NGO information

Objective 2: Creation ofsupport services toaddress elder abuse

1. Focus groups


Outcome:

1. Percentage of older personshaving sought services forvictims of abuse

2. Percentage of older personshaving sought services forthemselves as victims of abuse

1. Survey

2. NGO information

Issue 4: Images ofageing

Objective 1:Enhancement of publicrecognition of theauthority, wisdom,productivity and otherimportant contributionsof older persons

1. Advocacy and self-helpgroups, includingpublications by olderpersons themselves

2. Focus groups


4. Publications by olderpersons

5. Media watch programme

Instrumental:

1. Availability, scope andcoverage of public awarenesscampaigns on ageing

2. Availability, scope andcoverage of programmes in themedia to foster and promotepositive images of ageing andolder persons, starting fromprimary schools


2. NGO information

3. Media analysis


30

Outcome:

1. Percentage of youngerpersons having positiveattitudes towards ageing andolder persons

2. Percentage of older personshaving a positive perceptionabout themselves

3. Percentage of older personsindicating perceived positiveattitude of younger personstowards older persons24

1. Survey


suggestions participatory assessment tools and … · suggestions participatory assessment tools...

Documents