Substance Abuse: Substance Abuse: Staying Safe & Drug Staying Safe & Drug

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ObjectivesObjectives

The students will understand that:The students will understand that: the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs affect everyone. the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs affect everyone. tolerance occurs with substance use. tolerance occurs with substance use. there is help available for anyone whose life is affected by tobacco, there is help available for anyone whose life is affected by tobacco,

alcohol and other drugs.  alcohol and other drugs. 

Essential Questions:Essential Questions: How does substance use affect a person's every day life? How does substance use affect a person's every day life? How does the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs affect society? How does the use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs affect society? How can you support a friend or family member who is affected by How can you support a friend or family member who is affected by

substance use? substance use?

Resultant Knowledge:Resultant Knowledge: The student will know:The student will know: the stages of alcoholism. the stages of alcoholism. the legal guidelines that govern tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. the legal guidelines that govern tobacco, alcohol and other drugs. there are community resources available regarding tobacco, alcohol and there are community resources available regarding tobacco, alcohol and

other drugs. other drugs. there are warning signs that are recognizable with substance use. there are warning signs that are recognizable with substance use.

The Decision Making ProcessThe Decision Making Process

Review the decision making process (p. 27-28) Write down the 6 steps of the Write down the 6 steps of the

decision making process and a decision making process and a brief description of each.brief description of each.

Read p. 308-318.Read p. 308-318.

What is a Drug?What is a Drug?

Definition: Any substance, Definition: Any substance, natural or artificial, other than natural or artificial, other than food, that by its chemical nature food, that by its chemical nature alters structure or function in the alters structure or function in the living organism.living organism.

? To Think About:? To Think About: Is tobacco a drug?Is tobacco a drug?

Facts About Tobacco & Facts About Tobacco & SmokingSmoking 443,000 Americans die every year 443,000 Americans die every year

from smoke related illnessesfrom smoke related illnesses The death rate from heart disease is The death rate from heart disease is

70% higher for smokers than for 70% higher for smokers than for nonsmokersnonsmokers

Smoking causes an estimated 90% Smoking causes an estimated 90% of all lung cancer deaths in men and of all lung cancer deaths in men and 80% of all lung cancer deaths in 80% of all lung cancer deaths in women.women.

An estimated 50,000 nonsmokers An estimated 50,000 nonsmokers die each year from exposure to die each year from exposure to tobacco smoke released in the air by tobacco smoke released in the air by smokers.smokers.

The Chemicals of TobaccoThe Chemicals of Tobacco

There are more than 4,000 There are more than 4,000 chemicals in tobacco and more chemicals in tobacco and more than 400 of them are poisonousthan 400 of them are poisonous

Some of these chemicals Some of these chemicals include: Acetone (finger nail include: Acetone (finger nail polish remover), Butane (lighter polish remover), Butane (lighter fluid), Hydro. Cyanide (used in fluid), Hydro. Cyanide (used in gas chamber), Ammonia gas chamber), Ammonia (cleaning products), etc.(cleaning products), etc.

More Facts…More Facts…

More deaths are caused each More deaths are caused each year by tobacco use than by all year by tobacco use than by all deaths from HIV, illegal drug deaths from HIV, illegal drug use, alcohol use, motor vehicle use, alcohol use, motor vehicle injuries, suicides, and murders injuries, suicides, and murders combined.combined.

3 Major Chemicals3 Major Chemicals

Nicotine:Nicotine: a psychoactive chemical a psychoactive chemical (causes change in a person’s mood (causes change in a person’s mood and behavior)and behavior) that causes an that causes an addiction.addiction.

Tar:Tar: solid matter in tobacco smoke solid matter in tobacco smoke that condenses into a thick liquid.that condenses into a thick liquid.

Carbon Monoxide:Carbon Monoxide: a poisonous gas a poisonous gas released by burning tobacco.released by burning tobacco.

Risks to Major Body PartsRisks to Major Body Parts

Brain:Brain: Restricts oxygen flow and causes Restricts oxygen flow and causes

narrowing of blood vessels of the brain, narrowing of blood vessels of the brain, which can lead to strokewhich can lead to stroke

Lungs:Lungs: Dramatically increases the risk of lung Dramatically increases the risk of lung

cancer and emphysemacancer and emphysema

Heart:Heart: Increases heart rate and BP, Constricts Increases heart rate and BP, Constricts

blood vessels which can lead to a heart blood vessels which can lead to a heart attackattack

Risks to Major Body Parts Risks to Major Body Parts Cont.Cont.

Stomach:Stomach: UlcersUlcers

Intestines:Intestines: Ulcers in the Ulcers in the

small intestinesmall intestine Bladder:Bladder:

Cancer of the Cancer of the bladderbladder

Smoking and DiseaseSmoking and Disease

Cancer:Cancer: a disease caused by cells that a disease caused by cells that have lost normal growth controls and that have lost normal growth controls and that invade and destroy healthy tissue.invade and destroy healthy tissue. Lung cancer is the most common. Others Lung cancer is the most common. Others

include, cancer of the larynx, esophagus, include, cancer of the larynx, esophagus, bladder, kidney and pancreas.bladder, kidney and pancreas.

Respiratory Disease:Respiratory Disease: Chronic Bronchitis:Chronic Bronchitis: inflammation of the bronchial inflammation of the bronchial

tubes which leads to the production of excessive tubes which leads to the production of excessive mucus.mucus.

Emphysema: tiny air sac of the lungs lose their Emphysema: tiny air sac of the lungs lose their elasticity and cause a constant shortness of elasticity and cause a constant shortness of breath.breath.

Other Uses of TobaccoOther Uses of Tobacco

PipesPipes

CigarsCigars

Smokeless Smokeless Tobacco:Tobacco: Chewing Chewing

TobaccoTobacco SnuffSnuff

Deciding to QuitDeciding to Quit

Stages of ChangeStages of Change1.1. PrecontemplationPrecontemplation2.2. ContemplationContemplation3.3. PreparationPreparation4.4. ActionAction5.5. maintenancemaintenance

Final ThoughtsFinal Thoughts

Do you think tobacco Do you think tobacco is a drug?is a drug?

Are you still willing to Are you still willing to use or try tobacco?use or try tobacco?

Say Cheezzz!!!Say Cheezzz!!!

Ch. 12: AlcoholCh. 12: Alcohol

Alcohol:Alcohol: a drug that is produced a drug that is produced by a chemical reaction in fruits, by a chemical reaction in fruits, vegetables, and grains.vegetables, and grains.

Depressant:Depressant: drugs that slow drugs that slow down the body’s functions and down the body’s functions and reactions.reactions.

Facts about alcohol and teensFacts about alcohol and teens

Research has shown that a Research has shown that a teens body and mind are still teens body and mind are still developing, and alcohol developing, and alcohol interferes with long- and short-interferes with long- and short-term growth.term growth.

Alcohol effects the brains ability Alcohol effects the brains ability to learn.to learn.

It increases the risk of social It increases the risk of social problems, depression, suicidal problems, depression, suicidal thoughts, and violence.thoughts, and violence.

Why teens drink…Why teens drink…

What teens say…What teens say… ““It will help me It will help me

forget my forget my problems.”problems.”

““I will look mature I will look mature with a drink in my with a drink in my hand.”hand.”

““Peer pressure- I Peer pressure- I don’t want to feel don’t want to feel excluded.”excluded.”

““I’m stressed out I’m stressed out about school and about school and life.”life.”

What you should knowWhat you should know The problems that The problems that

you’re facing will still be you’re facing will still be there when the alcohol there when the alcohol effects wear off.effects wear off.

You won’t look mature You won’t look mature when you are arrested when you are arrested for underage drinking.for underage drinking.

True friends won’t make True friends won’t make you do something that you do something that you don’t want to do.you don’t want to do.

Alcohol interferes with Alcohol interferes with sleep and performance sleep and performance in school and on the in school and on the field, creating more field, creating more stress.stress.

Short and Long Term EffectsShort and Long Term Effects

Read Ch. 12 Lesson 2 & 3Read Ch. 12 Lesson 2 & 3 Write all of the vocab for both Write all of the vocab for both

lessons (highlighted yellow lessons (highlighted yellow words)words)

Take any notes on information Take any notes on information that you feel is important.that you feel is important.

12 minutes12 minutes

Do you have these questions Do you have these questions answered in your notes???answered in your notes??? What is BAC?What is BAC?

At what level are you considered legally At what level are you considered legally drunk?drunk?

What are factors that play a role in how What are factors that play a role in how fast alcohol will take effect?fast alcohol will take effect?

What is cirrhosis and its effects on the What is cirrhosis and its effects on the body?body?

Give an example of a body organ that is Give an example of a body organ that is affected by alcohol and how.affected by alcohol and how.

What are risks to an unborn baby from a What are risks to an unborn baby from a mother who drinks while pregnant?mother who drinks while pregnant?

Alcohol VocabAlcohol Vocab

Reaction Time- Reaction Time- the ability of the body to respond quickly and the ability of the body to respond quickly and appropriately to situations.appropriately to situations.

Intoxication-Intoxication- a person’s mental and physical abilities have been a person’s mental and physical abilities have been impaired by alcohol.impaired by alcohol.

Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)- Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)- a measure of the amount of a measure of the amount of alcohol present in a person’s blood.alcohol present in a person’s blood.

Alcohol Poisoning- Alcohol Poisoning- a dangerous condition that results when a a dangerous condition that results when a person drinks excessive amounts of alcohol over a short period of person drinks excessive amounts of alcohol over a short period of time.time.

Malnutrition-Malnutrition- a condition in which the body doesn’t get the a condition in which the body doesn’t get the nutrients it needs to grow and function properly.nutrients it needs to grow and function properly.

Fatty Liver- Fatty Liver- condition in which fats build up in the liver and condition in which fats build up in the liver and cannot be broken down.cannot be broken down.

Cirrhosis-Cirrhosis- a disease characterized by scarring and eventual a disease characterized by scarring and eventual destruction of the liver.destruction of the liver.

Binge Drinking- Binge Drinking- the consumption of a large quantity of alcohol in the consumption of a large quantity of alcohol in a very short period of time.a very short period of time.

Inhibition-Inhibition- a conscious or unconscious restraint of a person’s a conscious or unconscious restraint of a person’s own behaviors or actions.own behaviors or actions.

AlcoholismAlcoholism

Addiction: a physical or Addiction: a physical or psychological need for a drug.psychological need for a drug.

Alcoholism: a progressive, Alcoholism: a progressive, chronic disease involving a chronic disease involving a mental and physical need for mental and physical need for alcohol.alcohol.

5 major symptoms of 5 major symptoms of AlcoholismAlcoholism1.1. Denial-Denial- person doesn’t believe they person doesn’t believe they

have a problem.have a problem.2.2. Craving-Craving- a strong desire to drink. a strong desire to drink.3.3. Loss of control- Loss of control- person can’t limit person can’t limit

their drinking habits.their drinking habits.4.4. Tolerance-Tolerance- Needing to drink more Needing to drink more

and more to feel the same effect.and more to feel the same effect.5.5. Physical Dependence- Physical Dependence- body has a body has a

direct need for the drug.direct need for the drug.

Stages of AlcoholismStages of Alcoholism

Stage 1:Stage 1: Surprised by how much you can Surprised by how much you can

drinkdrink Drinking to relax or get relief from Drinking to relax or get relief from

stress & mental fatiguestress & mental fatigue Looking for opportunities to drinkLooking for opportunities to drink A gradual increase in toleranceA gradual increase in tolerance

Stages of AlcoholismStages of Alcoholism

Stage 2:Stage 2: Short-term memory loss and Short-term memory loss and

blackoutsblackouts Saying or doing hurtful thingsSaying or doing hurtful things Sneaking extra drinks and feeling Sneaking extra drinks and feeling

guiltyguilty Making excuses for drinkingMaking excuses for drinking

Stages of AlcoholismStages of Alcoholism

Stage 3:Stage 3: Person becomes dependent on the drugPerson becomes dependent on the drug Aggressive, resentful behaviorAggressive, resentful behavior Making and failing to keep promisesMaking and failing to keep promises Losing interest in anything but drinkingLosing interest in anything but drinking Avoiding friends and familyAvoiding friends and family Trouble with money, work and the lawTrouble with money, work and the law Tremors and the start of severe physical Tremors and the start of severe physical

concernsconcerns

Stages of AlcoholismStages of Alcoholism

Stage 4:Stage 4: Drinking becomes chronicDrinking becomes chronic Long periods of being intoxicatedLong periods of being intoxicated Strange or unreasonable fearsStrange or unreasonable fears Faulty thinking or hallucinationsFaulty thinking or hallucinations Malnutrition caused by not eating Malnutrition caused by not eating

properlyproperly

Homework Tonight- 20ptsHomework Tonight- 20pts

Put yourself in a situation where you Put yourself in a situation where you have a friend who is using illegal drugs. have a friend who is using illegal drugs. (at least 1/2 a page)(at least 1/2 a page)

What would you do? What would you do? What questions would you ask? What questions would you ask? Who would you tell? Who would you tell? Are you going to let them continue to Are you going to let them continue to

take drugs? take drugs? What actions would you take? What actions would you take? What if they offered you drugs?What if they offered you drugs? Would you be willing to lose a friend?Would you be willing to lose a friend?

Other DrugsOther Drugs

Marijuana-Marijuana- dried leaves and flowers dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant called cannabis of the hemp plant called cannabis sativa.sativa.

THC-THC- the main addictive chemical in the main addictive chemical in marijuana. Alters the way the brain marijuana. Alters the way the brain processes sensory information.processes sensory information.

Anabolic Steroids- Anabolic Steroids- synthetic synthetic substances related to the male sex substances related to the male sex hormones. Helps build muscle, hormones. Helps build muscle, strength, and endurace.strength, and endurace.

Other DrugsOther Drugs

Date Rape DrugsDate Rape Drugs Rohypnol (Roofie) & GHBRohypnol (Roofie) & GHB

Both drugs suppress the central Both drugs suppress the central nervous system.nervous system.

When these drugs are ingested, a When these drugs are ingested, a person is usually unaware of what is person is usually unaware of what is happening around them and unable happening around them and unable to resist anything that may be to resist anything that may be happening to them.happening to them.

Other DrugsOther Drugs

Narcotics-Narcotics- specific drugs that are specific drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain.are used to relieve pain. Examples- Opium, Heroin, Examples- Opium, Heroin,

OxyContinOxyContin Stimulants- Stimulants- drugs that speed up drugs that speed up

activity of the human brain and activity of the human brain and spinal cord.spinal cord. Examples- Amphetamine, Examples- Amphetamine,

Methamphetamine, Cocaine, Methamphetamine, Cocaine, CrackCrack

Other DrugsOther Drugs

Hallucinogens- Drugs that Hallucinogens- Drugs that distort moods, thoughts, and distort moods, thoughts, and senses.senses. Examples- PCP, LSDExamples- PCP, LSD

Recovery Recovery

Teens who are struggling with drug use Teens who are struggling with drug use need help.need help.

Many drug users are in denial.Many drug users are in denial. InterventionIntervention- a gathering in which - a gathering in which

family and friends get the user to agree family and friends get the user to agree to seek help.to seek help.

Some may not be in an environment Some may not be in an environment conducive to getting the help they need.conducive to getting the help they need. EnablersEnablers- persons who create an - persons who create an

atmosphere in which the drug user can atmosphere in which the drug user can comfortably continue his or her comfortably continue his or her unacceptable behavior.unacceptable behavior.

RecoveryRecovery

Recovery- Recovery- the process of learning to the process of learning to live a drug-free life.live a drug-free life.

Withdrawal-Withdrawal- the physical & the physical & psychological reactions that occur psychological reactions that occur when someone stops using an when someone stops using an addictive substance.addictive substance. These reactions can include These reactions can include

headaches, tiredness, tremors, headaches, tiredness, tremors, mood swings, and nausea.mood swings, and nausea.

Relapse-Relapse- a return to the use of a a return to the use of a drug after attempting to stop.drug after attempting to stop.

4 Steps to Recovery4 Steps to Recovery

1.1. Admission-Admission- person must admit they have person must admit they have a problem.a problem.

2.2. Counseling-Counseling- person need to seek outside person need to seek outside help from counselors or support groups.help from counselors or support groups.

3.3. Detoxification-Detoxification- the physical process of the physical process of freeing the body of an addictive freeing the body of an addictive substance.substance.

4.4. ResolutionResolution- Drug user accepts - Drug user accepts responsibility for his or her actions and responsibility for his or her actions and looks to move forward drug free.looks to move forward drug free.