Structure of [Co(EDTA)]-

Co

N N

O O

CH2 CH2

CH2

C

H2C

C

O

O

CH2O

O

H2CO

O

Q. 1.

O

O

O

OO

O

N

O O

N

O O

O O

O

O

CH2 CH2 O

CH2 CH2 O4

4

N

O O

N

O O

O OM

n+

+ M

n+

Macrocyclic ligands

Q. 4.

[18]crown-6

dibenzo[30]crown-10

cryptand[2.2.2.] cryptate (complex)

O

CH3 O

CH3

H3C

O

CH3

O

CH3

O CH3

O

H3C

O

CH3

O O

O O

K

The nonactin-potassium complex

Q. 4.

The valinomycin-potassium complex

Q. 4.

H D-Val

L

L-Val

H

D-Val

LL-Val

H

D-Val

L

L-Val

O

O

O

O

O

OK+

Mg

NH3C

CHCH2

N

R

CH2 CH3

CH3

N

OH3COOC

N

H3C

O

O

Q. 6.

Chlorophyl

without Mg: porphyrin

skeleton

methyne group

pyrrole ring

vinyl group

ester bond phytol

Q. 6.

O

P

OO

OOP

O

O

O

OH OH

OO

O

R R

M2+

OH

M2+ M2+

O

R

The mechanism of the phosphate hydrolysis

Q. 8.

Outlined structure of apoferritin

Iron(II)-protoporfirin IX-complex (HEME)

N

NHC

N

CH

NHC CH

H3C CH

CH2

CH3

CH

CH2

CH3H2C

H2C

H2C

CH2

OOC

COO

H3C

Fe

Q. 9.

Q. 9.

myoglobin hemoglobin

Catalytic cycle of P-450 enzymes

Q. 10.S

Fe

H2O

III

S

FeIII

RH

RH

Fe

S

II

S

Fe

O

ORH

III

S

Fe

O

ORH

III

S

Fe

O

R H

IV

RHH2O

e-

3O2e-

H2O

2 H+

H2OROH

+ AO

+ A

Zink(II) in the active centre of carboxipeptidase-A

Q. 11.

O

Zn

O

NHN N

NH

CH2

H2C

CNC

HH H

C

O

H2C

CH2

His-69

Glu-72

His-196

O Zn

S

S

N

C

CH3

H

H

(Cys)

(His)

(Cys)

The active centre of the alcohol dehydrogenase

Q. 11.

Coordination environment of the copper centre in azurin

Q. 12.

Path of electrons through cytocrhome c oxidase

Q. 12.

Cyt c(Fe2+)

Cyt c(Fe3+)

CuA

CuB

Cyt a

Cyt a3

O2 + 4H+

H2O

H+

Matrix

Intermembranespace

Cu

His

His O

L

HisO

Cu

His

His

His

Cu

His

His

His

Cu

His

His

His

I I II II

+ 3O2

- 3O2

deoxyhemocyanin oxyhemocyanin

Reversible oxygenation of hemocyanin

Q. 13.

Structure of dimetal centre in Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase

Q. 13.

Fe S

S Fe

SFe

S Fe

S Fe

Fe S

FeS

Fe SS

S

S

MoS

Supposed structure of Fe-S-Mo cofactor of nitrogenase

Q. 14.

3 NADH + 3H+

3 NAD+

3 Ferredoxin(oxidized)

3 Ferredoxin(reduced)

Fe protein(reduced)

Fe protein(oxidized)

Fe protein(oxidized)

Fe protein(reduced)

12 ATP

12 ATP

12 ADP + 12 Pi

Fe-Mo protein(oxidized)

Fe-Mo protein(reduced)

Fe-Mo protein(oxidized)

N2

2 NH3

6 H+

12 ATPN2

Q. 14.

The supposed reaction mechanism of dinitrogenase

Q. 14.

The reaction mechanism of dinitrogenase

Fe

S

Mo(V)

HN NH

Fe

S

Mo(V)

H2N NH2

Fe

S

Mo(V)

NH3 NH3

Fe

S

Mo(V)

OH

Fe

S

Mo(V)

P

Fe

S

Mo(III)

Fe

S

Mo(III)

:N N:

:N N:

+ 2H+ + 2e-

+ 2H+ + 2e-

2 NH4+

+ 2H+

- ADP

+ 2e-

- Pi

+ 2H+

N2 + 8 H+ + 6 e- 2 NH4+

Coordination environment of the Cr3+ centre in the glucose tolerance factor

Q. 15.

N

Cr

N

L

L L

L

COOH

HOOC

Cross-linking between collagen chains in lung tissue

Q. 19.

(CH2)2

CH2

CH2

NH2

CH2

HC

(CH2)2

OH

NH2

(CH2)2

CH2

CH2

NH2

CH

HC

(CH2)2

OH

O

(CH2)2

CH2

CH2

N

CH

HC

(CH2)2

OH

(CH2)2

CH2

CH2

NH

CH2

C

(CH2)2

O

Hydroxylysine Hydroxyallysine Schiff’s base Stable cross-link

Hypothetical model of silification

Q. 20.

The catalytic cycle of GSH peroxidase

Q. 21.

E – Se- E – SeOH

E – Se – S – G

ROOH, H+ ROH

G – SH

H2OG – SH

H+, G – S – S – G

O. 22.

Thyroid hormones

O CH2 C

H

NH3+

COO-HO

I I

I

O CH2 C

H

NH3+

COO-HO

I I

II