J E N N I F E R H O LT O N , M D & L I Z M C I N E R N E Y, B A

STRESS, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION

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WHAT IS STRESS?

• Powerful and extensive response in the mind & body in the face of a threat, demand, or stressor

Stressor

Stress Response

Brain – ANS – Body

STRESS CONT.

•  Stressors •  Physical •  Psychological •  Social

•  Is the stress response the same for everyone? •  Research has found how a person perceives their

experience has a powerful protective effect against damaging effects of a stress response

WHY DO WE GET STRESSED?

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IS STRESS EVER HELPFUL?

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EFFECTS OF STRESS ON BODY

•  Fight or flight •  Adaptive in modern times? •  Acute stress: arises when danger appears and then

passes •  Chronic/prolonged stress: body remains in state of

hyper arousal and vigilance for indefinite periods •  Significant impact on health

TIPS TO MANAGE STRESS

• Understand how stress affects you – it’s different for everyone! •  Identify your stressors •  Learn your responses •  Be aware of how you

feel •  Don’t be scared to

reach out for support!

MORE SUGGESTIONS…

•  Exercise •  Eat regularly •  Lower caffeine intake •  Avoid alcohol or other drugs •  Relaxation exercises (deep breathing & muscle

relaxation) •  Break down tasks (large to small) •  Take a break – do something enjoyable! •  Think positively! Don’t be too hard on yourself!

MINDFULNESS

•  Awareness that is non-judging, friendly, and allowing of what it reflects •  Paying attention on

purpose •  Present moment •  Can be done formally

(meditation) or informally (daily life activities) •  All human beings are

capable of this!

PRACTICE COMPONENTS

• Mindfulness • Meditation • Body Scan • Hatha Yoga •  Loving-Kindness

http://liverunloveyoga.com/2012/07/05/guest-post-one-minute-meditation/

STRESS APPS

• Respiroguide Pro by Vital-EQ •  Stress Check •  Zen Space

WHEN DOES STRESS BECOME A PROBLEM?

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ANXIETY SYMPTOMS

•  Excessive worries / fears •  Trouble concentrating •  Trouble sleeping •  Feeling really tired •  Feeling irritable or annoyed easily •  Having lots of stomachaches, headaches,

or other physical symptoms •  Panic attacks •  Obsessions /compulsions •  Wanting to avoid anxiety-producing

situations These symptoms are a problem when they last for months and get in the way of living your life (school, home, social life).

HOW COMMON ARE ANXIETY DISORDERS IN TEENAGERS?

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

Lifetime Prevalence Lifetime Prevalence of Severe Disorder

Lifetime Prevalence of Any Anxiety Disorder in 13-18 Year Olds

MILES PLUMLEE

•  Senior Video

•  Panic attacks •  Huge pressure both on and off court •  Learned balance

•  “I remember thinking that I can’t play like this. I’m not breathing” •  “You can’t bottle this up. It’s okay to ask for help.”

DEPRESSION: WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION?

•  Frequent sadness, tearfulness, crying •  Increased irritability or anger •  Persistent boredom •  Decreased interest in activities •  A major change in eating and/or sleeping patterns •  Tired all the time •  Poor concentration •  Low self esteem and guilt •  Withdrawing from others •  Hopelessness •  Helplessness •  Feelings of worthlessness •  Frequent headaches, stomachaches, or other

physical symptoms •  Thoughts of not wanting to be alive or of suicide

HOW COMMON IS DEPRESSION?

SUICIDE WARNING SIGNS

•  Talking about dying •  Recent loss •  Changes in personality,

behavior, sleep, and/or eating habits •  Low self-esteem •  No hope for the future •  Self-harming •  Substance abuse •  Giving away

possessions

SUICIDE PREVENTION

•  If you are concerned about someone’s safety, seek help from an adult (parent, teacher, counselor, etc.) immediately!

• National Suicide Prevention Lifeline •  1-800-273-TALK (8255) •  Skilled crisis counselor available 24/7 •  http://www.suicidepreventionlifeline.org/

(chat online with a Lifeline Professional)

•  Emergency Room or Call 911

ANDRE DAWKINS

• Andre Dawkins' Dream

WHERE CAN I GO FOR HELP?

•  DA counselors

•  Parents

•  Other trusted adults (coaches, teachers, religious leaders, etc.)

•  Mental health professionals (therapists/psychiatrists) •  Therapy can help •  Medication may be helpful depending on your symptoms

JOSH HAIRSTON

REFERENCES

American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2014). The depressed child. Retrieved from: http://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/Facts_for_Families_Pages/The_Depressed_Child_04.aspx American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (May 2005). Helping Teenagers with Stress. Retrieved from http://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/Facts_for_Families_Pages/Helping_Teenagers_With_Stress_66.aspx. American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. (2014). Facts and Figures. Retrieved from http://www.afsp.org/understanding-suicide/facts-and-figures American Psychological Association (2013). Stress in America 2013. Retrieved from: http://www.apa.org/news/press/releseases/stress/2013/teen-stress.aspx  American Psychological Association. Teen Suicide is Preventable. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/research/action/suicide.aspx. Bambrick, L. (n.d.). The yerkes-whatzy law of who now?. Retrieved from http://secretgeek.net/ydlaw.asp Brantley, J. (2012). The mindful way to reduce stress distance learning program summer 2012 edition. Durham, NC: Duke Integrative Medicine. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014). Suicide Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pub/youth_suicide.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Data and Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/features/dsdepression/index.html. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). National Suicide Statistics at a Glance. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/suicide/statistics/youth_risk.html. Duckworth, Ken. (2010). National Alliance for Mental Illness. Depression in Children and Adolescents Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=88551  Durham County Partnership for a Health Durham (2013). Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Retrieved from http://www.healthydurham.org/docs/Durham%202011%20YRBS%20Report%20Final.pdf Merikangas, K. R., Nakamura, E. F., & Kessler, R. C. (2009). Prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in recent community surveys. Dialogues Clin Neurosci., 11(1), 7–20. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2807642/table/T3/ National Institute of Mental Health. Anxiety Disorders. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml#part1. National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). Major depressive disorder in children. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/1mdd_child.shtml National Alliance on Mental Illness (March 2013). Mental Illness Facts and Numbers. Retrieved from http://www.nami.org/factsheets/mentalillness_factsheet.pdf. National Institute of Mental Health. Suicide in the U.S.:Statistics and Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/suicide-in-the-us-statistics-and-prevention/index.shtml.