STI Led Inclusive Innovation:Shifting Paradigms

R A MashelkarPresident

Global Research Alliance

The STI Challenge

Science Solve

Technology Transform

Innovation Impact

“Inclusion should not only create opportunities for all within a society but also be globally inclusive.

You cannot leave behind the people that I saw in Rajasthan in India for instance…”

- Robert Zoellick5 December 2009New Delhi, India

The Challenge:Including the Excluded!

NOT BUT___________________________________________________

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Low Cost

Affordability

Incremental Innovation

Ultra Low Cost

Extreme Affordability

Disruptive Innovation

Inclusive Innovation

Ultra Low Cost AIDS Triple-Combination(stavudine (d4T) + lamivudine (3TC) + nevirapine)

CSIR India Contribution

10 fold lower not 10% lower

INDOVATION

Disruption at Ultra Low Cost

Products To__________________________________________________________

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From

Psoriasis Treatment $20000 $100

Artificial Foot $12000 $28

Cataract Surgery $3000 $30

Laptop $2000 $100

Hepatitis B Vaccine $18 $0.4

Current Drug Development

Today10years

ago

Cost of development $1.5 b$250 m

Time 15yrs10yrs

Potential new drugs (NCE) ~30~40

Cost of Treatment: $20000!

Time for Development: 10 yrs

Cost of Development: Few hundred million dollars

X $100?

X 5 yrs?

X<$10 mn?

“When you wish to achieve results that have not been achieved before, it is an unwise fancy to think that they can be achieved by using methods that have

not been used before.”

- Sir Francis Bacon

Traditional Medicine

Modern Medicine

Modern Science

Standard Drug Delivery Process

Molecule Mice Men

Reverse Pharmacology ProcessReverse Pharmacology Process

Men Mice Men

Indian Psoriasis Breakthrough

World Bank paving the way for Inclusive Innovation

– GRA-WB initiative • Approach based reverse pharmacology for treatment

of HIV opportunistic infections• Basis: Tanzania traditional knowledge!• Traditional healers and scientists from 5 continents

brought together

• Tanga project partners– TAWG (Tanzania)– NIMR (Tanzania)– CSIR (SA)– CSIR (India)– FhG (Germany)– TNO (Netherlands)

World Bank paving the way for Inclusive Innovation

Global Indigenous Knowledge and Innovation Partnership (GIKIP)

(New York- 26 Sept 2008)

• CSIRO, Australia• CSIR, India• CSIR, South Africa• FhG, Germany• TNO, Netherlands• VTT, Finland• SIRIM, Malaysia• DTI, Denmark• Battelle, USA

The Power of GRA

• 60000 scientists from 5 continents

• Scientific credibility• Members driven by:

– Innovation, Compassion, Passion• Collective Mandate:

– Global Good through Global Knowledge

20

First commercial Xerox copier (Battelle)Dry copying process developed into the first office copier machine in 1944

MP3 (Fraunhofer)Development of high quality, low bit-rate audio coding for quality transfer of music

Wi-Fi(CSIRO)Development and patenting of wireless LAN technology Gigabyte wireless network (CSIRO)Development of wireless technology which can deliver up to 12 Gbps over a range of more than 8 kms

Power of GRA- High Tech Pioneers

21

But GRA believes inInclusive Innovation

A breakthrough in TB after the first new molecule Rifampycin in 1963. Clears TB in two months rather than 6-8 months (CSIR India)

Orbital implant (CSIR SA)A low cost eye replacement with unique advantages

Relenza, (CSIRO) the first drug successful in treating flu

Bioactive paper for diagnostics (VTT)Includes functionalities based on the selective reactions of biomolecules

Global Knowledge for Global Good

www.research-alliance.net

GRA Dyadic Relationships

CSIR South Africa

DTI

Battelle

FraunhoferCSIR India

CSIRO

TNO

SIRIM

VTT

Global Knowledge for Global Good

Network of Networks

• Regional networking with partners from Oulu in electronics and tele-communications programmes

Lappeenranta University of Technology (Lappeenranta)

Salcomp Oy (Kemijärvi)CCC (Oulu)

Sonera (Helsinki)

Nokia Mobile Phones (Oulu)National Semiconductor Finland Oy,former Fincitec Oy (Kemi)

University of Oulu (Oulu)

Efore Oy (Helsinki)

Projekti-Insinöörit Oy (Helsinki)

Cybelius Software Oy (Oulu)

Teleste (Turku)

Tampere University of Technology (Tampere)

Nokia Networks (Oulu)

ADC Telecommunications Oy (Oulu)

VTT, Technical ResearchCentre of Finland (Helsinki)

Helsinki University of Technology (Espoo)JOT Automation Oy (Oulu)

Nokia Research Center (Helsinki)

VTT, Technical ResearchCentre of Finland (Oulu)

Extrabit Oy (Oulu)

ABB (Helsinki)NetHawk Oy (Oulu)

Elektrobit Oy (Oulu)

Vaisala Oyj (Helsinki)

Polar Electro Oy (Oulu)

Filtronic LK Oy (Oulu)

Aspocomp Oy (Helsinki)

Elcoteq Network Oyj (Lohja)

Planar Systems Oy (Helsinki)Ultraprint Oy (Oulu)

Suunto Oy (Helsinki)Picopak (Lohja)Nokia Mobile Phones (Salo)

24

Power of Network of Networks

n(n-1)2

P =

GRA’s Network of Networks powering low cost internet access to rural Africa……..

• ‘Connecting the unconnected’ with next-gen technology

• Pilot through Macha community in Zambia

Network of NetworksNo. Participant organisation name Short name Country

1(CO)

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft Fraunhofer Germany

2 France Telecom FT France

3 Turksat A.S. TurkSat Turkey

4 Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH HWDU Germany

5 SAP AG SAP Germany

6 Thales Nederland B.V. TNL The Netherlands

7 Interroute S.p.A. IRT Italy

8 LinkNet LinkNet Zambia

9 Romantis Romantis Germany

10. ViaLight Communications GmbH VLC Germany

11. StratXX near space technologies AG STX Switzerland

12. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland VTT Finland

13. Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepastnatuur wetenschappelijk TNO The Netherlands

14. Council of Scientific & Industrial research CSIR South Africa

15. Deutsches Zentrum fur Luf-und Raumfahrt e.V DLR Germany

16. Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences BRSU Germany

17. Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne EPFL Switzerland

18. Center for Mathematics and Computer Science CWI The Netherlands

Design Develop Deploy

Local Organizations

Local Capacity Building

GRA spans end-to-end

The Power of partnering 10,000 Development Practitioners with 60,000 Scientists

Potential for inclusive innovation

Innovative

Solutions for accelerated Sustainable

Development

The World Bank

Global Knowledge Repository

Development Finance

Project Funding

• Achieve universal primary education• Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other

diseases• Develop global partnership for

development• …………

STI- Engine for DevelopmentWorld Bank- Engine for STI?

International

$18 per dose

40 Cents per dose!!

SPREAD funding creates India’s Hepatitis B Vaccine

World Bank

(India, 1990-92)

Industrial Technology Development Programme

(ITDP)

Sponsored Research and Development (SPREAD)

“Inclusion should not only create opportunities for all within a society but also be globally inclusive.

You cannot leave behind the people that I saw in Rajasthan in India for instance…”

- Robert Zoellick5 December 2009New Delhi, India

Time to Move

From

Industrial Technology Development Programme (ITDP)

To

Inclusive Innovation Development Programme (IIDP)

From ITDP to IIDP

SME Development Human Development

Creation of Venture Capital Creation of Social Capital

Transforming public institutions

Transforming poor lives through innovation

Industrial Technology Development Programme (WB)

Inclusive Innovation Development Programme (WB)

Ecosystem for Industrial Research and Technology Development

Ecosystem for Inclusive Innovation

Country specific MDG specific (STI driven)

Soft loan to countries Committed to innovation challenges

Consortia of intra-country organizations

Consortia of global funding organizations

Global Funding AlliancesTraditional New Model

Products for customers-

Feasibility of product/service performance in markets drive funding objectives

People as customers-

The needs of the unserved customers are identified and funding is packaged to support inclusive innovation

Enterprise Uptake-

The output of the project requires an enterprise to come in and commercialize

Enterprise Creation-

An enterprise is either identified as a partner at the beginning of the project or is created as part of the project. This ensures end-to-end delivery

Global Funding Alliances

Sustainable Development-

Projects addressing sustainable development in a linear way without a bias on technology

Sustainable Technology for Development-

Technology as a driver of sustainable development to get exponential and accelerated results

Individual Passion-

Generally driven by leaders with philanthropic attitudes

Institutional Mission-

Inclusive Innovation as a core mission for transformation

Grants-

The funding is mostly grant based with a supply side approach on broad themes

Partnerships-

Partnerships are encouraged to be formed around specific challenges and funding is directed to the demand

Traditional New Model

The World Bank Inclusive Innovation Fund

• Grand Challenges based:

- Clean drinking water to every human

- Light in every hut

- Zero child mortality due to infectious diseases

- Malaria free world

- Information to every child

- Towards a carbon negative world

The World Bank Inclusive Innovation Fund

• Partnerships with not just countries but alliances with global research networks (GRA, IAC…?)

• Demand Driven not just Supply Side

• Driven by sentiments and science

IIDP to create Inclusive Innovation Centres (IIC)

• IICs to be established in developing nations

•IICs as conduits of World Bank for delivery

•Funded through the Inclusive Innovation Development Programme (IIDP)

•Focus on advocacy, capacity building, technology transfer, incubation and delivery- all to spur inclusive innovation

•Member organizations of GRA can be natural partners for design & delivery

Need to Move Beyond Science &Technology…

Advancing science and technology in developing nations

Advancing people through application of science, technology and innovation

Building strong islands of scientific excellence

Building strong foundations ofinnovation

World Bank Millennium Science Project Inclusive Innovation Centres (IIC)

Producing more and better qualified science and engineering graduates

Capacity building through strong partnerships between knowledge creators and local ecosystems

Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) a good start….

• Focus on scientific research in agriculture

•8000 scientists and staff active in over 100 countries

•15 International Centres

•Challenge Programme to address critical issues

The need now is to go beyond scientific research and accelerate technology development and inclusive innovation

World Bank South-South Initiative

• Share knowledge between developing countries in overcoming poverty

•Development successes in one country can help another

•Based on proven solutions

•Deepen South-South contact

More of the same is good but we also need More from Less for More

Haves

Have - Nots

Price

Perf

orm

ance

Have - Nots Haves

Price

Perf

orm

ance

More

For More

“I favour a shift in strategy to get more bang for the buck”

- Robert Zoellick

5 December 2009

New Delhi, India

4 Billion PeopleIncome - Less than $2 a day

The $20 Knee (#18)The 50 Best Inventions of 2009