STATUS OFMILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS

BY:

NAVITHA

RAJU. A

UNIVERSITY OF HYDERABAD

What are the Millennium Development Goals?

• The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond to the world's main development challenges.

• The MDGs are drawn from the actions and targets contained in the Millennium Declaration that was adopted by 189 nations-and signed by 147 heads of state and governments during the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000.

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)There are Eight Millennium Development Goals

adopted by United Nation

1. To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

2. To achieve universal primary education

3. To promote gender equality and empower women

4. To reduce child mortality

5. To improve maternal health

6. To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

7. To ensure environmental sustainability

8. To develop a global partnership for development.

MDGs 4,5,6Pertaining to Health

Reduce Child Mortality

Indicators:1. Under-five mortality

rate (UNICEF-WHO).2. Infant mortality rate

(UNICEF-WHO).3. Proportion of 1 year-old

children immunized against measles (UNICEF-WHO

Target:• Reduce by two-thirds the under

five mortality rate by 2015.

Improve Maternal Health

Indicators:1. Maternal mortality ratio

(UNICEF-WHO).

2. Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel (UNICEF-WHO).

Target:• Reduce by three-quarters the

maternal mortality rate between 1990 and 2015

• Achieve by 2015, universal access to reproductive health

Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

Indicators:1. HIV prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-24

years (UNAIDS-WHO-UNICEF.

2. Condom use rate of the contraceptive prevalence rate (UN Population Division) .• Condom use at last high-risk sex (UNICEF-

WHO).• Percentage of population aged 15-24 years with

comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS (UNICEF-WHO) .

• Contraceptive prevalence rate (UN Population Division).

3. Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years (UNICEF-UNAIDS-WHO).

4. Prevalence and death rates associated with malaria (WHO) Proportion of population in malaria-risk areas using effective malaria prevention and treatment measures (UNICEF-WHO) .

5. Prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis (WHO).

6. Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under DOTS (internationally recommended TB control strategy) (WHO).

Target:• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the

spread of HIV/AIDS• Achieve, by 2010, universal access to

treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it

• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

MGDs 4,5,6 STATUS

MDG 4 :Reduce Child Mortality

Target:• Reduce by two-thirds the under five mortality rate by 2015.

Present Status (India):• India’s under Five Mortality (U5MR) declined from 125 per

1000 live births in 1990 to 74.6 per 1000 live births in 2005-06.• U5MR is expected to further decline to 70 per 1000 live births

by 2015 and might fail to achieve the target that is 42 per 1000 live births by 2015

MDG 4 :Reduce Child Mortality

Global Information• 76 lakhs children under 5 died in 2010.• During 1960-1990, child mortality in developing region was

halved to one child in 10 dying before age five. The aim is to further cut child mortality by two thirds from 1990 level.

• Reaching the MDG on reducing the child mortality will require universal coverage with key effective, affordable interventions like care for new born and mothers, Infant and young child feeding, vaccines, prevention and case management of pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria control and prevention and care of HIV/AIDS.

MDG 5 :Improve Maternal Health

Target:• Reduce by three-quarters the maternal

mortality rate between 1990 and 2015• Achieve by 2015, universal access to

reproductive health

MDG 5 :Improve Maternal Health

Present Status(India):• The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) of India was 437

per 100,000 live births in 1990-91 and the target of 2015 is 109 per 100,000 live births.

• The present MMR is 254 per 100,000 live birth as compared to 1990.

• Despite progress India is expected to fall short by 26 points by 2015

• By 2015, India is expected to ensure only 62 percent of births in institutional facilities with trained personnel.

MDG 5 :Improve Maternal Health

Global Information:• Up to 358 000 women die each year in

pregnancy and childbirth• Since 1990, some countries in Asia and

Northern Africa have more than halved maternal mortality.

• Some 21.5 crore women who would prefer to delay or avoid pregnancy still lack safe and effective contraception.

MDG 6 : Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases 

Target:• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the spread

of HIV/AIDS• Achieve, by 2010, universal access to

treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it

• By 2015 halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases.

MDG 6 : Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

Present Status(India):• India made significant stride in reducing the prevalence of

HIV/AIDS. Much of decline can be attributed to greater awareness and increasing condom use.

• Malaria, both in terms of prevalence and death has declined. The diagnosis of malaria has declined from 1.74 % in 2005 to 1.52 % in 2009

• India account for one-fifth of the global incidence of Tuberculosis (TB), but made progress in halting the prevalence

• Treatment success rate of TB has remained steady at 86-87 percent over the last five years.

MDG 6 : Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

Global Information:• At the end of 2011, 3.42 crore people were living with

HIV, 25 lakh people became newly infected and 17 lakh died of AIDS which includes 2,30,000 children.

• Around 300.3 crore people are at risk of contracting malaria. On an average, malaria kills a child every minute.

• TB is one of the biggest infectious killer disease in the world with estimated 14 lakh, deaths and 88 lakh new cases of TB in 2010.

TO ACHIEVE MDG GOAL 4• Systematic action is required to target the main causes of child death (pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria and undernutrition) and the most vulnerable children. This includes a stronger focus on neonatal mortality, which is now a driving factor

in child mortality • Children are also at greater risk of dying before age five if they are born in rural areas or to a mother denied basic education

GOAL 5

• Health care during pregnancy can save lives, but only half of women in developing regions receive the recommended amount of care

• Monitoring is required to ensure high-quality antenatal care that actually contributes to improved pregnancy outcomes.

• The need for family planning is slowly being met for more women, but demand is increasing at a rapid pace.

• Adolescent childbearing is risky for both mother and child, and remains at very high levels in many developing regions

GOAL 6

• Knowledge about HIV among young people falls far short of the global target

• As treatment is scaled up, fewer people are dying of AIDS

and more people are living with HIV than ever before levels of such knowledge among young people are appallingly low, especially in the worst-

affected region. • More than 1 million deaths from malaria were averted

over the last decade, but renewed commitment is needed to

sustain gains Sleeping under an insecticide-treated mosquito net is the most effective way to prevent

malaria transmission

GOAL 6

• Universal access to antiretroviral therapy is within reach, but will require sustained political support

• Successful treatment of tuberculosis is exceeding global targets, but more work lies ahead

More than one third of all tuberculosis cases are not treated using the DOTS

I can, You can, We can.

THANK YOU