sri lanka microfinance forum_volume1_tam

Volume 1, June 2009

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Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum ISSN 2012-5666

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The Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum irg;gw;wp

Sri Lanka Microfinance Forum

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Volume 1, June 2009

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(http// technology cgap.org/January 2009)

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(www.microcapital.org/21/04/2009)

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(www.microcapital.org/21/04/2009)

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ntF J}uk; nry;y

Ntz;bAs;sJ. vg;gbahapDk;

M-tq;fpr; Nrit

gpukhz;lkhdJ ,ij ehk;

cgNahfpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

Nltpl; ghNlhrh

Ez;epjp kw;Wk; Nkw;ghHit

epGzH

PROMIS epWtdk;.

M-tq;fp eltbf;iffs; (elkhLk; tq;fp) Ez; epjp epWtdq;fsJ tsHr;rpia

vl;b mtw;wpd; jpwikia mjpfhpf;Fkh?

Nltpl; ghNlhrh

PROMIS epWtdk;

“M-tq;fpr; Nrit

gpukhz;lkhdJ. ehk;

mij cgNahfpf;f

Ntz;Lk;”

g;;ufjp Nrth FzNrfu mspj;j Ngl;b

ehk; vLj;j Kjy; mbahtJ xU

ey;y Kfhikj;Jt jfty; Ki-

wikia mwpKfg;gLj;JtJ.

Mjd; gpd; tq;fpf; fzf;Fg;

Gj;jfq;fis mr;rpl;L

thbf;ifahshplkpUe;J.

mq;fpfhuj;ijg; ngw;Nwhk;.

mtHfs; vk;ik kw;w

tq;fpfSf;F xg;gpl;L mNj

Kiwfis mDrhpf;fpd;Nwhkh

vd;W ghHj;jdH. ,J vkJ

thbf;ifahsH kj;jpapy;

ek;gpf;ifia Vw;gLj;jpaJ.

ehk; Gjpa njhopy; El;gq;fis

cgNahfpf;Fk; Nehf;fk;

vd;dntd;why; nryitf;

Fiwj;J thbf;ifahsH kj;jpapy;

rKjha mq;fPfhuk;

ngWtNjahFk;. vkJ Nritfis

thbf;ifahsHfSf;F tphpti-

lar; nra;J NkYk; gyUf;F

Nritahw;wTk; ,J XH Kd;

epge;jidahFk; vd;W

czHe;Njhk;.

Vg;gbahapd; 1k; ghpNrhjidapd;

NghJ ehk; Vw;fdNt epidj;jJ

mt;tsT RygkhfhJ vd;gijj;

njhpe;J nfhz;Nlhk;. vkJ

KjyhtJ jpl;lk; fld;

nray;ghLfspd; <LgLk;

cj;jpNahfj;jHfSf;F ifalf;f

cgfuzq;fshd ifalf;fj;

njhiyNgrpfis toq;FtJ.

Mdhy; ,jd;%yk; Vw;gl;l

jpwikfs; XusTf;Fkl;Lk;

$bAs;sij mwpe;Njhk;. fld;

mjpfhhpfs; ifalf;f njhi-

yNgrpapy; jfty;fis

cs;slf;f> jhk; iffshy; vO-

Jtij tpl mjpf Ne-

unkLg;gjhy; ,j; njhiy

g;hpae;j FzNrfu

g;ufjp Nrth gTz;Nlrd;

“...ehk; mJ ,t;thwhf ,Uf;Fk;

vd;W Muk;gj;jpNyNa epidg;gJ

Nghd;W mJ ,yFthd fhupa-

ky;y….”

Volume 1, June 2009

rzr njhopy;El;gj;Jld; nray;ghLfis tphpTgLj;Jk;

Ez; epjpj; Jiwapy; rpwe;j

nthU epWtdkhfj; jpfOk;

Ntis rdr mjd; jsuhj

nghWg;Gld; ehnlq;Fk;

gue;jNjhH mgptpUj;jp

jpl;lj;ijf; nfhz;L

nry;fpd;wJ. NkYk; xU ghhpa

njhopy; El;gj; jPHitj; jdJ

tq;fp ika eltbf;iffs;>

nkd; nghUs;> tiyaikg;G

ikak; kw;Wk; elkhLk;

jd;dpaf;f ape;jpuk;

Nghd;wtw;wpf;F

mwpKfg;gLj;JtNjhL rdr

rq;fq;fSf;F xNu khjphpahd

nfhLf;fy; thq;fSf;fhd nkd;

nghUis njhopy; El;gj;jPHtpd;

%yk; toq;fj;jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ.

SDBL rpf;NdrH gprHt; (fiserv) epWtdj;jpd; tq;fp

eltbf;iffSf;fhd jPHTld;

2009 Mz;L ngg;gputhp khjk;

Kjy; ,ize;Js;sJ. Fiserv cyfg; Gfo; ngw;w

epWtdkhFk;. ,J 20>000 nkd;

nghUs; jPHTfis tHj;jf

tq;fpfSf;F toq;fpAs;sJ.

NkYk; cyfpy; cs;s 4500

tHj;jf tq;fp ikaq;fSf;Fk;

nkd; nghUis mspj;Js;sJ.

,yq;if tq;fp kw;Wk;

nfhkHry; tq;fpAk; Kjd;

Kjyh Ez; epjp

nraw;ghLfspy; mjpf

<LghLs;s SDBI cld; NrHe;J

nrayhw;wpAs;sd.

ICBS eilKiwf;F tUk;

NghJ DDBL thbf;ifahsHfs; gpd; tUk; rYiffisg;

ngWtH.

ATM rYiffs;

,iza tq;fpr; Nrit PDA tq;fp Nrit

SMS tq;fpr; Nrit

Nkw;$wg;gl;l nkd; nghUs;

,yq;ifapd; cs;s IBML

epWtdj;jhy; epHtfpf;fg;gl;L

As 1400 kpd; fl;likg;G Clhf

jfty; toq;fp (server) %yk;

toq;fg;gLk; ntw;wpfukhd

ICBS eltbf;iffSf;fhf

SDBL XH nray;

mzpia ];jhgpj;Js;sJ.

,e;jpf uzrpq;f

rpNu\;l KfhikahsH IT rzr mgptpUj;jp tq;fp

,e;jpf uzrpq;f

rpNu\;l KfhikahsH

Sanasa mgptpUj;jp

tq;fp

tplaq;fspd; Ma;T

kl;lf;fsg;G YMCA XH rpwpa

Ez; epjp epWtdk; MdhYk;

gue;j jplkhd tsHr;rpia

fpof;F efukhd kl;lf;fsg;gpy;

fz;Ls;sJ. njhopy; El;gj;ij

cgNahfpf;fhyhk; nray;gLk;

,t; tq;fp Kiw kpf;f

MHtKs;sJ. 40 KftHfisf;

nfhz;l tiyaikg;G> nryT-

fisf; Fiwj;J rpwg;ghf

Nrit nra;gtHfSf;F

Cf;Ftpg;G nfhLg;gdTfis

toq;Ffpd;wJ. jpwdhd Nrit-

fisg; gue;jstpy; gug;gp

mtHfsJ Ra Njitfis

2005k; Mz;L 101%

tPjj;jpypUe;J 2008k;

Mz;L ,Wjpapy; 130%

tPjj;jpw;F Nky;

mjpfhpj;Js;sdJ. (PAR) epY-

itapy; cs;s fld; njhif

(30 ehl;fs;) 98% tPjj;jpypUe;J

2.9% tPjk; tiu

tpUj;jpaile;Js;sJ. YMCA 2200 fld;fisf; nfhz;l xU

rpW Ez; epjp epWtdkhdhYk;

(MFI) mq;F tUfpd;w NtW

Ez; epjp

epWtdq;fSf;F ,g;gpue;jpaj;jpN

y xU ey;y vLj;Jf; fhl;lhfj;

jpfo;fpd;wJ.

MFIs, jw;NghJ NghJkhd

epjp ,y;yhikahy;>

kl;lf;fsg;gpy; mjpf fld;

Njitfs; ,Ug;gpDk; mtw;iwg;

G+Hj;jpnra;a Kbahky;

cs;sdH.

YMCA kl;lf;fsg;gpy; fpisfsw;w tq;fpr; Nrit

jpU ldpnay; Nltpl;

Njtuh[hTk;

jpUkjp nungf;fh

nfhd;];ld;ild;

YMCA kl;lf;fsg;G

nghJthf tq;fpr; Nritfs;

twpa kf;fis milAk;

cjhuzq;fs; rpwpJ. CGAP njhopy; El;gj;ijg;

gad;gLj;Jk; njd; Mgphpf;f

mjd; tq;fpapd; WIZZIT gphpT vg;gb Nritfis elkhLk;

njhopy; El;gk; %yk; fhR

eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;Ls;sJ.

khHf; gpfd;]; vDk; CGAP Muha;r;rpahsH $wpajhfTk;

“,yf;F itf;Fk;

thbf;ifahsHfSf;F Nrit-

nahd;W fpilg;gJ WIZZIT Nghd;w ghjPL my;yhj kw;Wk;

thbf;ifahsHfis vl;bg;

gpbf;f KaYk; epWtdq;fSf;F

xU ghhpa rthyhFk;.

,j; jpl;lk; njd; Mgphpf;fh

jghy; fhhpahyaj;jpy; gpurpj;jp

ngw;w rpy;yiu tpahghuk;

elj;Jk; ld;];> mjhtJ nfhfh

Nfhyh Kjy;> nuhl;b> rPdp

Nghd;w nghUl;fis thq;ff;

$ba filAld; ,izAk;.

• ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa %

d;W mk;rq;fs; cgfuzq;fspd;

tpw;gidAld; NrHe;J WIZZIT apd; elkhLk; njhiyNgrp

tq;fpr; Nritapd; Nkilia

cgNahfpf;fpd;wJ

kjHnty; efuj;jpy; 500 rpW

Kaw;rpahsiuf; nfhz;l

nkhj;j tpahghhpfSf;F xU

elkhLk; tq;fpr; Nrit

cs;sJ. mq;F Ie;J

ngaHfspy; %d;W ngaUf;F

tq;fpf; fzf;F fpilahJ.

• tq;fpf; fzf;F Muk;gpg;gJ

kw;Wk; tpiyfs; epakpg;gjw;F

xU Kd;Ndhbj; jpl;lj;ij

njd; Mgphpf;fhtpy; cs;s

gpujhd Glit tpahghhpahd

ld;]; epWtdk;

Muk;gpf;fTs;sJ. ,j; jpl;lk;

ntw;wp ngw;why; ehl;by; cs;s

RkhH 289 filfsf;Fr;

nray;gLj;jyhk;. ,j;jpl;lj;ij

Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;y fhirtpl

fld; ml;ilfisr;

cgNahfpf;Fk;

thbf;ifahsHfSf;F

Cf;Ftpg;G nfhLg;gdT

toq;fg;gLk;.

NkYk; njhpe;J nfhs;s

http://www.cgap.org/p/site/c/template.rc/1.26.10531 cld; njhlHG nfhs;sTk;

njd; Mgphpf;fh: elkhLk; tq;fpr; Nrit efuj;jpw;F mg;ghy;


ifalf;fj; njhi-

yNgrpfs;@

ve;Neuj;jpYk;

vt;tplj;jpYk; SMS ir cgNahfpg;gJ

fld; cj;jpNahfj;jHfs;

rpWjhs;fspy; my;yJ

jhs;fs; ,y;yhkNy

Ntiy nra;fpd;wdH

Ez; epjpj; Jiwapd; Ntf

tsHr;rpAld; jfty;

njhlHghly; njhopy;

Ew;gq;fspd; mtrpaj;ij mi-

lahsq; fz;L mjd; %yk;

nray;ghl;Lr; nryTfisf;

Fiwj;J Ez; epjp

epWtdq;fis tphpthf;fTk;

nray;gl;Ls;sJ

ICT apd; jiyaPL Ez; epjp

epWtdq;fSf;F

• fld; gw;wpa jPHkhdq;fis

mwptpf;Fk; • nray;ghLfspd; nryitf;

Fiwf;Fk; • mwpf;fifis xOq;FgLj;Jk; • itg;Gfis mjpfhpf;fr;

nra;Ak; • thbf;ifahsHfspd; trjpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak;

• Gjpa thbf;ifahsHfis ehbr; nry;Yk;

fle;j tUlq;fspy; ,e;jpah>

gq;fshNjrk;>

cfhz;lh> ,e;NjhNdrpah>

gpypg;igd; kw;Wk; fk;Nghbah

Nghd;w ehLfs; ICT apd;

mjpfhuj;ij cgNahfpj;J

MFIs twpa kf;fSf;F Mw;Wk;

Nritfis tphptilar; nra;J

kPs; nrYj;Jk; jtizf;

fl;lzq;fisAk;

thbf;ifahsUf;fhd

nghUl;fisAk; jpwk;glr;;

nra;Js;sd. fpuhkpd;

tq;fpapd; ];jhgfUk; Ez;

epjpf;fhd nehngy; ghpirg;

ngw;w tUkhd NguhrphpaH

nkhfkl; AD}]; $wpajhtJ

“ jfty; njhopy; El;gk;

twpa kf;fspd; thrYf;Ff;

nfhz;L tuNtz;ba ghi-

jahFk;. twpatHfs; mjd;

NjHr;rpj; jpwidf; fpufpj;J ,j;

njhopy; El;gj;ijj; jkJ

eyDf;F cgNahfpg;gjw;F xH

re;jHg;gj;ij mspf;f

Ntz;Lk;”. mwptpay; epiyak;

kw;Wk; If;fpa ehl;Lr; rigapd;

KftHfs; kl;lj;jpy; njhopy;

El;gk; ve;j mstpy;

tWikia xopf;f cjTk;

vd;gij njhpe;j nfhs;s

Kaw;rpfs; vLf;fg;gl;ld. ,d;W

cyfk; njhopy; El;gj;jpd;

Njitia ,j;Jiwf;F

Ntz;Lk; vd;gij mwpe;Js;sJ.

jfty; Kfhikj;Jt Ki-

wikfs;> ifalf;f

cgfuzq;fs;. rhjhuz mjpf

tpiyaw;w njhopy; El;g

cgfuzq;fs; kw;Wk; thndhr;

Nritfspd; %yk; Ez; epjp

epWtdq;fis tphpTgLj;j

Kaw;rpfs; vLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

cynfq;Fk; Ez; epjpj; Ji-

wapy; ghtidapy; cs;s

njhopy; El;g cgfuzq;fs;

gpd;tkhW jug;gl;Ls;sd.

• (ATMs) jd;dpaf;F ,ae;jpuq;fs;

my;yJ POS cgfuzq;fs;

• IVR njhopy; El;gk;

• kpd;dQ;ry; rhHe;j tq;fpr;

Nritfs; (PDA)

• Kfhikj;Jt jfty; Ki-

wik (MIS)

• fld; Gs;sp (credit scoring)

• ];khHl; ml;ilfs;

• caphpay; njhopy; El;gk;

,e; epiyapy;> ,yq;ifapd;

Ez; epjp epWtdq;fs; vq;F

epw;fpd;wd? NtW ehLfspy;

cs;s MFIs fis xg;gPl;L

ghHj;jhy; ,yq;if MFIs ICT Kaw;rpfis cgNahfpg;gjpy;

gpd; jq;fpAs;sd. rpy MFIs MIS ir mtHfsJ fzf;F

tof;FfSf;Fk; epYitapy;

cs;s fld; njhif (PAR) Nghd;wtw;wpf;F

cgNahfpj;jhYk; ICT ATM POS, PDA ];khHl; ml;il

Nghd;wtw;iw ,yq;if

MFIs ,lk; fhz;gJ mhpJ.

,it nghJ kf;fspd;

ftdj;ij <f;ftpy;iy. chpa

jfty; njhopy; El;gj;ij

cgNahfpg;gjdhy; Ez; epjp

epWtdq;fspsd; nray;ghLfs;

tphptilAk; vd ehk;

fUJfpd;Nwhk;.

epNuh\hdp rtdkL

ICT/ Ez; epjp MNyhrfH

ICT apd; Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;Gk; Ez; epjpAk;

Ez; epjpapd; El;gq;fs;

“jfty; njhopy; El;gk; twpa kf;fspd; tPl;L

thrYf;Ff;

nfhz;LtuNtz;ba

ghij”

NguhrphpaH nkhfkl;

A+D];

epNuh\hdp rtdkL

ICT Ez; epjp

MNyhrfH

MIX ; epjpj; Jiwf;F ghhpa

njhopy; rhH jfty;fisAk;

juTr;NritfisAk; mopf;Fk;

gpujhd epWtdkhFk;. MFIs jkJ tUlhe;j epjp kw;Wk;

epWtdk; rk;ge;jkhd

jfty;fis MIX epWtdj;jpw;F mDg;gp mjd; juTepuypy;

gq;fhspahfyhk;. MFIs jkJ

xop kiwtpd;ikia

ntspg;gLj;jp mjw;fhf

mHg;gzpj;J> jk;ik NtW

MFIs xg;gpl;L ed;nfhil

toq;FgtUld; njhlHG

nfhs;syhk;. KOikahf

fye;Jnfhs;Sk; MFIs, cyf

Ez; epjp epWtdq;fspd; rpwg;G

gl;baypy; ,lk; ngw;W

xt;nthUtUf;Fk; chpa

nraw;ghl;L

mwpf;iffis ,ytrkhfg;

ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;.

kpd;dQ;riy LIZ Larson, Asia Regional Manger: [email protected]

Ez; epjpj; jfty; ghpkhw;wk; (MIX) (www.themix.org)

Volume 1, June 2009

“Ez; epjp epWtdk;

gadhspfspd;

Nfs;tpiaAk;>njhopy;El;g

GjikfisAk; fUj;jpw;

nfhz;L kpfj; njspthf

mjd; tpahghu ,yf;if

epHzapj;jy; Ntz;Lk;“

Kfhikj;Jt jfty; Kiwik (MIS) caHj;jpj; jpl;lkplyh?

MIS fdzpia tpl

jfty;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ

“mJ epwtdnkd;iwr; nray;

gLj;Jk; nfhs;iffs;

eilKiwfs; kw;Wk; mjd;

cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; jfty;>

nkd; nghUs;> td; nghUs;

Nghd;wtw;Wld; nray;gLk;

tpjj;ijAk; mlf;fpAs;sJ” Kfhikj;Jtk; MIS d; juj;ij tpUj;jp nra;Ak; xU gpujhd

mq;fkhFk;.

MISd; tpUj;jp tq;fp

nkd;nghUs;> nray;gLk;

Kf;fpa jfty; eilKiwfs;>

jfty; njhopy; El;gk; kw;Wk;

(IT) cj;jpNahfj;jUf;fhd

gapw;rpf;F KjyPL kw;Wk;

epWtdj;jpd; mwpf;ifapLk;

xOq;fikg;ig kPs; ];jhgpj;jy;

Nghd;wtw;iw mKy; gLj;Jk;.

MISia tpUj;jp nra;Ak; NghJ gpd;tUk; gpujhd %yg;

nghUl;fisf; fUj;jpy; nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;.

XH ey;y Kfhikj;Jtk;

rpe;jpf;Fk; Mw;wy;

eil Kiwfis kjpg;gPL

nra;jy;

jpl;l Kfhikj;Jtk;

ve;jnthU jpl;lj;jpd;

Kfhikj;JtKk; gy

rthy;fis vjpH Nehf;Ffpd;wJ.

Mdhy; njhopy; El;gj;

jpl;lq;fs; mjpf vjpHghHigj;

jUtjhy; gy gpur;rpidfisf;

nfhz;Ls;sd. gq;fhspfs; ,k;

KiwfshYk;

fhyf;NfLfyhYk; ghjpg;gpw;F

cs;shfpd;wdH. IT Kaw;rpfs;

vjpH Nehf;Fk; rpy rthy;fs;

jdpj;Jtkhdit. njhopy;

El;gk; vg;nghOJk; rfy

Neha;fisAk; Fzkhf;F

kUe;jhff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

Mdhy; njhopy; El;gk;

vjpHghHg;Gf;fisg; G+Hj;jp

nra;a Kbahj jUzq;fspy;

eyk; rhHe;j gpur;rpidfis

Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. MFIs w;F

jpl;l Kfhikj;Jtk; kw;Wk;

Muha;r;rp rk;ge;jkhd mDgtk;

FiwT. xU Ez; epjp

epWtdj;jpy; vy;yh

epGzj;Jtq;fisf; nfhz;l

cj;jpNahfj;jHfs; ,Ug;gJ

mhpJ.

nray;fisj; jpwdhff;

ifahSk; rpe;jid

Gjpa jfty; Kiwikia

milahsq;fhZk; NghJ MFI nghJthd mwpf;ifapLtijj;

jtu jpwdhd eilKiwfiff;

ifahStijf; fUj;jpy;

nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. MFI thbf;ifahsHfspd; Njit-

fisg; gw;wp re;jpj;J jkJ

njhopy; ,yf;Ffis jk;kplk;

,Uf;Fk; njhopy;

El;gj;jpw;Nfw;g nray;gLj;j

Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;Fj; jahH nra;a

njhopy; El;gj;ij

cgNahfpg;gjhy; Vw;gLk;

tha;g;Gf;fis kw;Wk;

rthy;fisg; gw;wpa kjpg;gPilr;

nra;aNtz;Lk;. MFI “ehk; vg;gbr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;” vd;gij tpLj;J “ehk; vij

mila Ntz;Lk;” (cjhuzkhf

fpisfsw;w tq;fpKiw vDk;

Nehf;fj;ijf; nfhz;bUf;f

Ntz;Lk;) vd;gij (];khHl;

ml;il> njhlHGfs;) fpilf;Fk;

njhopy; El;gk; kw;Wk; jk;kplk;

,Uf;Fk; tsq;fis

Njitf;Nfw;wgb Kd;Dhpik

nfhLj;J nray;gLj;JtJ gw;wp

rpe;jpf;f Ntz;Lk;.

eilKiw kjpg;gPL

eilKiw kjpg;gPL vd;gJ MFI nray;ghLfspy; (cl;Gw

fzf;Fg; ghpNrhjid) Gjpa

nray;jpwd;fis cgNahjpg;gJ

jFjpaw;w gioa

eilKiwfisr; rPH jpUj;j

xU re;jHg;gj;ijj; jUk;. ,r;

nray; Kiw Gjpa njhopy;

El;gj;jpw;Nfw;wgb kjpg;gPL

nra;J chpa Kiwapy; jpwk;gl

nray;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. njhopy;

El;gj;jpd; ghhpa kjpg;G vd;d

ntd;why; njhopy;

eilKiwfisg; ghPl;r;rpj;J

khw;wk; nra;J

thbf;ifahsUf;fhd Nrit-

fisr; rPHjpUj;JtjhFk;.

(njhopy; El;gk; njhopy; nray;

Kiwfisf; nfhz;L

elj;Jtijj; jtpHf;f

Ntz;Lk;).

,k;uhd; egPH

Ez; epjp MNyhrfH

rpwe;j eilKiwfs;

gpuNahrdkh njhlHGfs;

www.lankamicrofinance.com www.microfinance.lk

www.cgap.org www.themix.org

www.seepnetwork.org www.edacapitalconnect.com

CGAP ,r; nray;ghl;il

eilKiwg;gLj;jp fsg;

ghpNrhjid elj;jp MFI Kfhi-

kahsUf;Ff; xt;nthU

jdpg;nghUspdJk; epWtd

kw;Wk; epHthf nryTfis

epHzapf;Fk; tpjj;ij njspthf

tpsf;fpAs;sd. nghUspd; tpi-

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