spotlight on publications: latin american microfinance

7/30/2019 SPOTLIGHT ON PUBLICATIONS: Latin American Microfinance

1/8ELLA AREA: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | ELLA THEME: MICROFINANCE 1

ELLA Area: Economic Development

ELLA Theme: Microfnance

Spotlight on Knowledge

The ollowing selection presents some o the key publications ocusing

on the micronance sector in Latin America. Addressing a variety o

issues related to micronance in the region, and highlighting examplesrom a diverse group o Latin American countries, the publications can

be grouped into the ollowing categories: Assessing Risk;Regulations

and Regulatory Frameworks;Impact Evaluations and Empirical Work;

Regional Trends and Analysis; Rural Micronance; and Technologies.

SPOTLIGHT ON PUBLICATIONS:LATIN AMERICAN

MICROFINANCE

Managing Credit Risk in Rural Financial Institutions in Latin America

ASSESSING RISK

Managing Risks and Creating Value with Micronance

This study provides valuable inormation to expand available knowledge on rural nance in the Latin American context. It

is divided into three parts: the rst part is a review o the typical risks aced by nancial institutions and the techniques to

address them; the second presents results rom a survey o 42 micronance institutions (MFIs) in Latin America oering

services in rural areas; and the last part explores in detail the cases o Peru and Guatemala. The MFIs studied in this nal

section include a traditional bank, a non-regulated NGO and regulated deposit-taking nonbank nancial institutions. The

inormation about products oered and limitations aced will be particularly interesting or those working in rural areas

in other context.

Full citation: Wenner, M. et al. 2007. Managing Credit Risk in Rural Financial Institutions in Latin America. SustainableDevelopment Department Best Practices Series. Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Washington, DC.

Presented by the World Bank, this publication is the result o a series o presentations by leading experts working on the

institutional sustainability o micronance, in particular rom our South American countries: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and

Peru. The rst hal o the book ocuses on risk management, while the second hal presents innovative new products and

technologies such as microleasing, microinsurance, disaster preparedness and housing micronance. Some interesting

conclusions relate to the importance o technologies in micronance, the strong repercussions o management ailures

and the challenges o introducing microleasing. The book share examples - both negative and positive - o adoption onew techniques, and is meant or sta o micronance institutions, donors and governments alike.

Full citation: Goldberg, M., Palladini, E. 2010. Managing Risks and Creating Value with Micronance. World Bank, Washington, DC.
http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1181721398962_Managing_credit_risk_in_RFIs_in_LA.pdfhttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/2442/542520PUB0micr101Official0Use0Only1.pdf?sequence=1https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/2442/542520PUB0micr101Official0Use0Only1.pdf?sequence=1http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1181721398962_Managing_credit_risk_in_RFIs_in_LA.pdfhttp://ella.practicalaction.org/



Guidelines and Principles or Efective Regulation and Supervision o Micronance

Operations

Micronance Regulation: Lessons rom Bolivia, Peru and the Philippines

Micronance Regulation in Mexico: Lessons and Challenges Ahead

New Actors in Micronance Lending: The Role o Regulation and Competition in Latin

America

This report, prepared by the Micronance Working Group o Banking Supervisors, members o the Association o Supervisors

o Banks o the Americas (ASBA), will be useul to help readers access inormation about some o the best practices in

regulation coming out o the region. It presents interesting and concise inormation about principles or eective regulation

and supervision o micronance operations, while also putting the regional inormation in context through discussions

o international bank supervision standards. Best practices are highlighted rom banking supervisors in Bolivia, Brazil,

Colombia, El Salvador, Peru and the United States o America.

Full citation: Association o Supervisors o Banks o the Americas (ASBA). 2010. Guidelines and Principles or Efective Regulationand Supervision o Micronance Operations. ASBA, Washington, DC.

This paper aims to describe the micronance regulatory systems o Bolivia, Peru and the Philippines, countries that are

currently considered to be leaders in the sector. For this reason, it can be useul to understand best practices in Latin

America, or although the Philippines is not a Latin American country, the paper argues that it does have similar Spanish

traditions. In addition to providing a detailed prole o each countrys micronance regulatory system, the paper oers

some interesting conclusions by comparing the cases. For example, risk-based supervision is emerging as the norm or

approaching prudential regulation and supervision o all nancial institutions.

Full citation: Vogel, C., 2012. Micronance Regulation: Lessons rom Bolivia, Peru and the Philippines. Multilateral InvestmentFund (FOMIN), Washington, DC.

This publication contributes to the debate about what types o nancial and micronance regulations work best and in

which context. Focusing on the case o Mexico, the author presents an analysis o what objectives were and were not

achieved in terms o the new regulations implemented. The paper presents details about the regulatory ramework and

challenges and changes needed in order to improve the legislation.

Full citation: Ramos, J. 2010. Micronance Regulation in Mexico: Lessons and Challenges Ahead. National Banking and SecuritiesCommission, Mexico City.

This paper captures the key role that regulations can play in the sector, as the author presents the argument that the

regulatory ramework (along with international involvement) has had a strong and positive eect on the micronance sectors

ability to attract borrowers in Latin America. The article will also be o interest to readers as it includes interesting data on

other variables such as competition, state and international actors, and macro-political actors, and their impact on the sector.Full citation: Olsen, T. 2010. New Actors in Micronance Lending: The Role o Regulation and Competition in Latin America.Perspectives on Global Development and Technology9 500-519.

REGULATIONS AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS
http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35735061http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35735061http://www.foromic2012.com/china/panelista/doc/Microfinance_Regulation.pdfhttp://www.mra.gov.bd/conference/images/speakers/juan%20ramos-mexico.pdfhttp://www.iupui.edu/~facinfo/I550-New/New%20Actors%20in%20Microfinance%20Lending%20-%20Latin%20America.pdfhttp://www.iupui.edu/~facinfo/I550-New/New%20Actors%20in%20Microfinance%20Lending%20-%20Latin%20America.pdfhttp://www.iupui.edu/~facinfo/I550-New/New%20Actors%20in%20Microfinance%20Lending%20-%20Latin%20America.pdfhttp://www.iupui.edu/~facinfo/I550-New/New%20Actors%20in%20Microfinance%20Lending%20-%20Latin%20America.pdfhttp://www.mra.gov.bd/conference/images/speakers/juan%20ramos-mexico.pdfhttp://www.foromic2012.com/china/panelista/doc/Microfinance_Regulation.pdfhttp://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35735061http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35735061



Public Policy on Micronance in South America

Regulatory Requirements or Micronance: A Comparison o Legal Frameworks in 11

Countries Worldwide

Supervising & Regulating Micronance in the Context o Financial Sector Liberalization:

Lessons rom Bolivia, Colombia and Mexico

This paper analyses the impact o public policies on the development o the micronance sector in various countries o

South America. The authors include a strong ocus on nancial system regulatory rameworks because o their key role

in the success o micronance. The paper also compares best practices recommended by international agencies with the

actual legal and regulatory ramework or micronance activities in the countries included in the study. Their conclusions

about similarities and dierences across countries, the regions trends and the key role played by regulatory and other

public policies will likely be o interest o those trying to better understand the Latin American micronance sector.

Full citation: Delner, M., Gmez, A, Pern, S. 2009. Public Policy on Micronance in South America. Paper presented at the FirstEuropean Research Conerence on Micronance, CERMI and the European Micronance Platorm, Brussels, Belgium, June 2-4, 2009.

The principal aim o this publication is to present an inventory o the regulatory requirements or micronance institutions,

conducted by analysing the legal rameworks in 11 countries worldwide. In particular, the author ocuses on pointing out

the diversity o regulatory options available and making an assessment o their relative advantages and disadvantages.

The study includes two Latin American countries - Bolivia and Honduras thereby acilitating interesting comparison

between the Latin American region and other contexts.

Full citation: Staschen, S. 2003. Regulatory Requirements or Micronance: A Comparison o Legal Frameworks in 11 CountriesWorldwide. Division 41, Economic Development and Employment Promotion, GTZ, Bonn.

This publication will be o particular interest to those wanting to expand their knowledge about the debate over what

the most eective regulatory ramework to promote micronance. Drawing on case studies rom Bolivia, Colombia and

Mexico - three countries with very dierent regulatory experiences - the authors draw out lessons, conclusions and good

practice in both the process o establishing regulations and the key elements o those regulations. The publication could

be useul as a resource or bank supervisors, regulators and policymakers rom a variety o contexts.

Full citation: Loubire, J. T., Devaney, P. L., Rhyne, E. 2004. Supervising & Regulating Micronance in the Context o Financial SectorLiberalization: Lessons rom Bolivia, Colombia and Mexico. Tinker Foundation, Washington, DC.

Principles and Practices or Regulating and Supervising Micronance

This publication aims to provide guidance or bank supervisors and regulators to support their eorts to create suitable

business environments or the development o micronance in Latin America, emphasising the successul experiences o

regional sector leaders such as Peru and Bolivia. It covers the regulation and supervision o microenterprise lending and o

micronance institutions and credit unions, and includes discussion o lessons learned and challenges in implementation.

This highly recommended publication oers a thorough treatment o the question o micronance regulation in Latin America.

Full citation: Janson, T., Rosales, R., Westley, G. 2004. Principles and Practices or Regulating and Supervising Micronance. Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Washington, DC.
http://www.bcra.gov.ar/pdfs/invest/CERMI_Public_Policies.pdfhttp://www.bu.edu/bucflp/files/2012/08/Regulatory-Requirements-for-Microfinance.pdfhttp://www.bu.edu/bucflp/files/2012/08/Regulatory-Requirements-for-Microfinance.pdfhttp://centerforfinancialinclusionblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/supervising-regulating-microfinance-in-the-context-of-financial-sector-liberalization-english.pdfhttp://centerforfinancialinclusionblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/supervising-regulating-microfinance-in-the-context-of-financial-sector-liberalization-english.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.25002/21298_30.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.25002/21298_30.pdfhttp://centerforfinancialinclusionblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/supervising-regulating-microfinance-in-the-context-of-financial-sector-liberalization-english.pdfhttp://centerforfinancialinclusionblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/10/supervising-regulating-microfinance-in-the-context-of-financial-sector-liberalization-english.pdfhttp://www.bu.edu/bucflp/files/2012/08/Regulatory-Requirements-for-Microfinance.pdfhttp://www.bu.edu/bucflp/files/2012/08/Regulatory-Requirements-for-Microfinance.pdfhttp://www.bcra.gov.ar/pdfs/invest/CERMI_Public_Policies.pdf



Global Microscope on the Micronance Business Environment 2012

An Inside View on Latin American Micronance

The Global Microscope is perhaps the most-cited benchmarking study o countries micronance sectors. It ranks individual

countries based on a composite index, constructed o indicators rom two broad categories: Regulatory Framework and

Practices; and Supporting Institutional Framework. Published annually, the report also includes a review o micronance-

related events in the previous year. Conclusions or all regions and countries are drawn rom the report, giving readers a

good overview o the micronance sector in Latin America and beyond.

Full citation: Economist Intelligence Unit. 2012. Global Microscope on the Micronance Business Environment 2012. EconomistIntelligence Unit, Washington, DC.

This report, produced by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), presents a general overview o a variety o aspects

related to Latin American micronance. Chapters are written by dierent authors and include a number o distinct examples

o Latin American experience that could be useul or understanding how the Latin American micronance model diers

rom other models in use, as well as other emerging issues and challenges acing the sector. The topics covered include

micronance methodologies, types o micronance institutions, technology used, regulations, challenges or the uture,

reaction o micronance to economic and nancial crises and the micronance plus model.

Full citation: Berger, M., Goldmark, L., Miller-Sanabria, T. (eds.) 2006. An Inside View on Latin American Micronance. Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Washington, DC.

REGIONAL TRENDS AND ANALYSIS

What is the Evidence on Micronance Impact? A Review o Micronance Impact

Evaluations in Latin America and the Caribbean

This study identies and analyses published evidence o impact evaluations o micronance and micronance plus

services, and impacts related to savings and new technologies, all rom the Latin America region. The survey covers 20

impact assessment studies conducted over the past 13 years, providing valuable inormation about the extent to which

empirical eects o micronance have been documented. In particular, it presents studies about the impact o technologies,

eects on education and results rom rural micronance contexts.

Full citation: Gutierrez, C., Soarez, F. 2011.What is the Evidence on Micronance Impact? A Review o Micronance Impact Evaluations

in Latin America and the Caribbean. Multilateral Investment Fund (FOMIN), Washington, DC.

Prompting Micronance Borrowers to Save: A Field Experiment rom Guatemala

This paper presents the results o an experimental methodology used to assess methods or promoting savings amongst

micronance clients in Guatemala. They test i micronance borrowers in Guatemala can use the discipline o regular loan

repayments in order to accumulate savings i prompted to do so, and they use distinct types o interventions such as developing

savings plans or the option o a deault savings settings and demonstrate their positive impact on savings amongst borrowers.

Full Citation: Atkinson, J. et al. 2012. Prompting Micronance Borrowers to Save: A Field Experiment rom Guatemala. PovertyAction Lab, online publication.

IMPACT EVALUATIONS AND EMPIRICAL WORK
http://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/467a47804ce326f793afd7f81ee631cc/EIU_MICROFINANCE_2012_PRINT.pdf?MOD=AJPEREShttp://p31.itcilo.org/entdev/synergies/en/category-2/an-inside-view-of-latin-american-microfinance.-goldmark-2006http://services.iadb.org/mifdoc/website/publications/f700afd8-d1c5-4738-b659-6d44bfaa7a89.pdfhttp://services.iadb.org/mifdoc/website/publications/f700afd8-d1c5-4738-b659-6d44bfaa7a89.pdfhttp://www.povertyactionlab.org/publication/prompting-microfinance-borrowers-save-field-experiment-guatemalahttp://www.povertyactionlab.org/publication/prompting-microfinance-borrowers-save-field-experiment-guatemalahttp://services.iadb.org/mifdoc/website/publications/f700afd8-d1c5-4738-b659-6d44bfaa7a89.pdfhttp://services.iadb.org/mifdoc/website/publications/f700afd8-d1c5-4738-b659-6d44bfaa7a89.pdfhttp://p31.itcilo.org/entdev/synergies/en/category-2/an-inside-view-of-latin-american-microfinance.-goldmark-2006http://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/467a47804ce326f793afd7f81ee631cc/EIU_MICROFINANCE_2012_PRINT.pdf?MOD=AJPERES



Micronance: Lessons Learned in Latin America

The Micronance Sector in Peru: Opportunities, Challenges and Empowerment withGender Mainstreaming

In this paper, the author analyses the key lessons coming out o Latin Americas experience in the evolution o its micronance

sector. Though rom 2000, the paper provides a clear analysis o the 1980s and 1990s, as well as the previous decades.

The lessons coming rom this period have relevance or current micronance policymaking and practice. The publication

includes a wide variety o issues, such as rural micronance and regulations and regulatory set-ups. It concludes with

recommendations that are still relevant today.

Full citat ion: Miller, T. 2000. Micronance: Lessons Learned in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, DC.

This publication takes a particular look at the question o gender inclusion and womens participation in the micronance

sector, through a ocus on one the regions most successul micronance countries, Peru. It looks at data and trends

throughout the sector and its evolution over time, studying mergers and how MFIs transormed, as well as the expansion

in products and services. Its aim is to understand how women have ared and participated in these changes, and i

micronance in Peru has had an impact on womens empowerment.

Full citation: Pait, S. 2009. The Micronance Sector in Peru: Opportunities, Challenges and Empowerment with Gender Mainstreaming.WEMAN Programme.

Latin America and the Caribbean 2009: Micronance Analysis and Benchmarking Report

Micronance in Latin America

This report, published by the Micronance Inormation Exchange (MIX) , uses indicators constructed with MIX data to conduct

an assessment o various issues related to the Latin American micronance sectors. The report includes indicators, or

example, o outreach, perormance, penetration and growth. Other subtopics developed include the evolution o credit,

the correlation o credit and economic activity that has become more pro-cyclical, and portolio quality, which has shown

more stability in South America than in Central America. The publication also discusses what type o micronance model

seems to have worked best to weather the nancial crisis in the region.

Full citation: Martnez, R. 2010. Latin America and the Caribbean 2009: Micronance Analysis and Benchmarking Report.Micronance Inormation Exchange (MIX), Washington, DC.

This document presents a comprehensive and updated summary o micronance trends in the Latin America region in

recent decades. It is divided into two parts: the rst provides overall characteristics and a historical perspective on the

sectors development in the region, while the second ocuses on the challenges aced and uture propsects. Conclusions

include an emphasis on the importance o tailoring products to consumers and diversication o unding away rom aid

agencies. The publication will be useul or anyone looking or a global picture o the micronance sector in the region, as

well as to anyone interested in studying the key drivers o micronance growth and what still needs to be done.

Full citation: Peck, R. 2012. Micronance in Latin America. FOMIN, New York.
http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=552565http://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.38550/THE%20MICROFINANCE%20SECTOR%20IN%20PERU_%20OPPORTUNITIES,%20CHALLENGES%20AND%20EMPOWERMENT%20WITH%20GENDER%20MAINSTREAMING.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.38550/THE%20MICROFINANCE%20SECTOR%20IN%20PERU_%20OPPORTUNITIES,%20CHALLENGES%20AND%20EMPOWERMENT%20WITH%20GENDER%20MAINSTREAMING.pdfhttp://www.cgap.org/sites/default/files/CGAP-MIX-Latin-America-and-the-Caribbean-Microfinance-Analysis-and-Benchmarking-Report-2009-Jan-2010.pdfhttp://www.foromic2012.com/china/panelista/doc/Microfinance_in_Latin_America.pdfhttp://www.themix.org/http://www.themix.org/http://www.foromic2012.com/china/panelista/doc/Microfinance_in_Latin_America.pdfhttp://www.cgap.org/sites/default/files/CGAP-MIX-Latin-America-and-the-Caribbean-Microfinance-Analysis-and-Benchmarking-Report-2009-Jan-2010.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.38550/THE%20MICROFINANCE%20SECTOR%20IN%20PERU_%20OPPORTUNITIES,%20CHALLENGES%20AND%20EMPOWERMENT%20WITH%20GENDER%20MAINSTREAMING.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.38550/THE%20MICROFINANCE%20SECTOR%20IN%20PERU_%20OPPORTUNITIES,%20CHALLENGES%20AND%20EMPOWERMENT%20WITH%20GENDER%20MAINSTREAMING.pdfhttp://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=552565



Development Bank or Agriculture: Experiences in Progress in Latin America

Financial Inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean: Review and Lessons

This book covers a wide variety o topics related to rural nance in Latin America (though it is only available in Spanish). It

presents inormation about the legal ramework, the context o the rural sector in the region, inormation about institutions

and markets, and key lessons learned. Eight case studies are ully detailed rom the ollowing countries: Argentina, Chile,

Colombia, Peru, Guatemala and Ecuador.

Full citation: Trivelli, C., Venero, H. 2007. Banca de Desarrollo para el Agro: Experiencias en Curso en Amrica Latina (DevelopmentBank or Agriculture: Experiences in Progress in Latin America). Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP), Lima.

This document oers a review o the state o nancial inclusion in Latin American and Caribbean countries by measuring

access to credit and deposit accounts by poor households. The publication ocuses not only on microcredit but also on

other nancial services such as savings. This exhaustive analysis includes cases studies, practical lessons rom the

experience o micronance institutions in the region and policy recommendations.

Full citation: Bebczuk, R. 2008. Financial Inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean: Review and Lessons. Working Paper No. 68.Centro de Estudios Distributivos, Laborales y Sociales (CEDLAS), La Plata.

Credit Bureaus and the Rural Micronance Sector: Peru, Guatemala, and Bolivia

Credit bureaus allow micronance institutions to take advantage o inormation technologies and thus reduce costs. This

paper reviews the process creating credit bureaus in Peru, Guatemala and Bolivia. Perus case study not only describes the

process in general but also puts emphasis on the creation o credit bureaus in the Cuzco region, in the Andes mountains.

The Guatemala study oers an analysis o the credit and lending reporting system in the ormal and agricultural sectors

related to the development o central risk stations, as does the Bolivia case. The paper provides valuable inormation

related to the creation o credit bureaus by ocusing on some o the leaders o the Latin American micronance industry.

Full citation: Bauchet, J. et al. 2003. Credit Bureaus and the Rural Micronance Sector: Peru, Guatemala, and Bolivia. University oCaliornia at Berkeley, FAO Oce or Lat in America, Berkeley.

RURAL MICROFINANCE

The Prole o Micronance in Latin America in 10 Years: Vision & Characteristics

This report presents a detailed prole o the micronance sector in Latin America. It includes useul inormation and

analysis about products and services oered, key institutions, market coverage, and basic indicators o eciency and

protability. Data was obtained rom two surveys conducted with experts and micronance institutions rom the region.

The publication oers both detailed analysis o the sector as well as key conclusions.

Full citation: Marulanda, B., Otero, M. 2005.The Prole o Micronance in Latin America in 10 Years: Vision & Characteristics. ACCIN, Boston.
http://archivo.iep.pe/textos/DDT/bancadesarrollo.pdfhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/3627http://are.berkeley.edu/~esadoulet/papers/Final_report_FAO.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.27566/35714_file_02.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.27566/35714_file_02.pdfhttp://are.berkeley.edu/~esadoulet/papers/Final_report_FAO.pdfhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/3627http://archivo.iep.pe/textos/DDT/bancadesarrollo.pdf



Innovative Approaches to Rural Lending: Financiera Calpiin El Salvador

Innovative Products and Adaptations or Rural Finance

Rural Finance: Recent Advances and Emerging Lessons, Debates, and Opportunities

This case study on a micronance institution in El Salvador calledFinanciera Calpioers readers a rst-hand account to

understand a successul system o rural micronance. The paper describes a detailed account o the institutions work,

including the process o obtaining new clients, characteristics o loan ocers, techniques to encourage sel-selection o

clients, and monitoring. Readers may also nd the detailed overview o the micronance sector in El Salvador useul as well.

Full citation: Navajas S., Gonzles-Vega C. 2000. Innovative Approaches to Rural Lending: Financiera Calpi in El Salvador. OhioState University, Columbus.

This paper analyses rural micronance with a ocus on innovations. Most o the assessment comes rom the experienceso countries in Latin America, as well as Bangladesh, making it a useul paper or those seeking to better understand

the rural micronance sector in Latin America. The author ocuses on our key sets o innovations, related to lending,

savings, remittances and new technologies. It details products designed to nance armers and serve rural households,

and concludes with suggestions or institutional stakeholders interested in launching or promoting innovations.

Full citation: Buchenau, J. 2003. Innovative Products and Adaptations or Rural Finance. USAID, BASIS-CRSP, World Council o CreditUnions, Inc., Washington, DC.

This paper oers a detailed assessment o a variety o eatures o rural micronance around the world, ocusing on

challenges and limitations, as well as advances in products and services. The analysis is based on a literature review

exercise, as well as on interviews with rural micronance experts. Though not only ocused on Latin America, many examples

come rom countries in the region, making it a useul document or comparing dierent models o rural nance across

contexts. One o the most cited documents in the literature on rural micronance, it is a highly recommended reading.

Full citation: Nagarajan G., Meyer, R. 2005. Rural Finance: Recent Advances and Emerging Lessons, Debates, and Opportunities.Reormatted version o Working Paper AEDE-WP-0041-05, Department o Agricultural, Environmental, and Development Economics,Ohio State University, Columbus.

Biometrics Technology

Biometrics, the use o individual physical characteristics such as ngerprints and voice, is an alternative and eective

innovation to reduce transaction costs and increase lower-income clients condence in micronance service. This brie

report, elaborated by the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), prevents a short overview on the use o biometrics

technology in micronance institutions. The successul example o Prondem FFPin Bolivia is also presented, along with

the initiatives challenges, benets and costs.

Full citation: Whelan, S. 2004. Biometrics Technology. CGAP IT Innovation Series. CGAP, Washington, DC.

TECHNOLOGIES
http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACL376.pdfhttp://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACL376.pdfhttp://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACL376.pdfhttp://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADI427.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.29202/27421_file_FINALPDF.pdfhttp://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1126265263594_Biometrics_technology.pdfhttp://www.cgap.org/http://www.cgap.org/http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1126265263594_Biometrics_technology.pdfhttp://www.microfinancegateway.org/gm/document-1.9.29202/27421_file_FINALPDF.pdfhttp://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNADI427.pdfhttp://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACL376.pdf


8/8ELLA AREA: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT | ELLATHEME: MICROFINANCE 8

Handbook or Developing Credit Scoring Systems in a Micronance Context

Innovative Technologies in Micronance or Latin America: Building Efective Delivery Channels

Mass Retail Banking: How Savings Banks in Arica, Asia and Latin America Can Provide

Usable Services to the Poor

Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)

This report, elaborated by USAID, was created to provide guidance to public sector ocials, donors or micronance

institutions themselves who are assessing how and i to apply credit scoring to their micronance model. It presents a

ramework or developing custom credit scorecards, designed to be fexible to be adapted to a variety o dierent situations

and contexts. It is illustrated by the experience o seven institutions, including two rom Latin America, Bolivia and Peru,

oering readers both access to knowledge about the region and comparison with other contexts.

Full citation: Caire, D.et al. 2006. A Handbook or Developing Credit Scoring Systems in a Micronance Context. USAID, Washington, DC.

This paper is a summary o the conclusions o a micronance workshop held in Costa Rica about the use o inormationtechnology in Latin America to deliver nancial services. It provides an interesting comparison o smaller and larger

countries in the region, ocusing on the key technology constraints each type o country aces. The author also highlights

some o the more innovative technology in use and oers recommendations or making the best use o technology to

improve micronance delivery.

Full citation: Castello, S. 2004. Innovative Technologies in Micronance or Latin America: Building Efective Delivery Channels. Final Report,Micronance Workshop on the Use o Inormation Technology to Deliver Financial Services, San Jose, Costa Rica, October 16-17, 2003.

This project was elaborated by the World Savings Banks Institute. Its aim is to enable a breakthrough in opening up usable,

aordable and sustainable savings services or the poor. The exhaustive analysis presented in this document enables readers

to understand the current situation o saving banks, and in particular acilitates an interesting cross-regional comparison.

Full citation: Angelow, W.et al. 2012. Mass Retail Banking: How Savings Banks In Arica, Asia and Latin America Can Provide UsableServices to the Poor. Working Paper. World Savings Banks Institute (WSBI), Brussels.

This brie report by theConsultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP) provides a concise introduction to the use o personal

digital assistants (PDAs) to improve eciencies in micronance institutions. Examples draw heavily rom the LatinAmerican region, presenting experiences rom the Dominican Republic, Mexico and Venezuela. The brie ocuses on how

PDAs work, lessons learned, challenges, benets and costs.

Full citation: Watereld, C. 2004. Personal Digital Assistants (PDA). CGAP IT Innovation Series. CGAP, Washington, DC.

CONTACTGRADETo learn more about these and other publicatio ns related to microfinance from

the region, contact the author: Miguel Jaramillo, PhD, Principal Researcher

GRADE, at [email protected].

FIND OUT MORE FROM ELLATo learn more about Latin Americas experiences in microfnance, read the ELLA

Guide, which has a full list of knowledge materials available for this theme. To

learn more about other development issues, browse otherELLA Themes.

ELLA is supported by:
http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1183203231096_Credit_Scoring_Systems_Handbook.pdfhttp://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=553337http://www.wsbi.org/uploadedFiles/Double_savings_accounts_(WSBI_only)/WSBI%20product%20paper%20EN.pdfhttp://www.wsbi.org/uploadedFiles/Double_savings_accounts_(WSBI_only)/WSBI%20product%20paper%20EN.pdfhttp://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1126265491550_Personal_digital_assistants.pdfhttp://www.cgap.org/http://www.cgap.org/http://www.grade.org.pe/english/http://www.grade.org.pe/english/mailto:[email protected]://ella.practicalaction.org/http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1105http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1105http://ella.practicalaction.org/ella-knowledgehttp://ella.practicalaction.org/ella-knowledgehttps://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-international-developmenthttp://practicalaction.org/consulting-latin-americahttps://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-international-developmenthttp://ella.practicalaction.org/ella-knowledgehttp://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1105http://ella.practicalaction.org/node/1105http://ella.practicalaction.org/mailto:[email protected]://www.grade.org.pe/english/http://www.grade.org.pe/english/http://www.cgap.org/http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1126265491550_Personal_digital_assistants.pdfhttp://www.wsbi.org/uploadedFiles/Double_savings_accounts_(WSBI_only)/WSBI%20product%20paper%20EN.pdfhttp://www.wsbi.org/uploadedFiles/Double_savings_accounts_(WSBI_only)/WSBI%20product%20paper%20EN.pdfhttp://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=553337http://www.ruralfinance.org/fileadmin/templates/rflc/documents/1183203231096_Credit_Scoring_Systems_Handbook.pdf

spotlight on publications: latin american microfinance

Documents