SPECIALISED CELLS

Modifications of Cell Structure for Specific

Functions

Objectives:1) Describe how some cells are

modified for specific functions: A root hair cell - absorption A xylem vessel – conduction &

support A red blood cell – oxygen transport

2) State the relationship between cell structure and function

Types of Specialized Cells:

1.The Root Hair Cell

2.The Xylem Vessel

3.The Red Blood Cell

The Root Hair Cell

The Root Hair Cell

The Root Hair Cell

Cytoplasm

Water molecules

Long & narrow

Larger vacuole

Do root hairs contain chloroplasts ?

NO!!

Absorption by root hair cell

The Root Hair CellSpecialization of root

hair cellFunction

1. Long and narrow2. Grows outwards

from the roots

Increases surface area to absorb water and minerals

1. Has a very large vacuole

Absorbs as much water as possible

The Xylem Vessel

The Xylem Vessel

Transport of water in xylem

The Xylem Vessel

Specialization of xylem vessel

Function

1. Shape is long, narrow and tube-like

Conducts water and minerals from the roots up to the stems and leaves

1. Has a thick wall of lignin

Provides mechanical strength (support)

The Xylem Vessel

The Red Blood Cell

Colour?Shape?

Red Blood Cell

Specialization of xylem vessel

Function

1. Biconcave disc Its shape gives large surface area to pick up and release oxygen

1. No nucleus Cytoplasm can contain more haemoglobinSo more oxygen can be transported

The Red Blood Cell