SPANISH

AMERICAN

WAR

US HISTORY II

USII.5A

VERY IMPORTANT…

Do NOT write down any notes

until you are TOLD TO DO SO!

THERE ARE SEPARATE SLIDES FOR THE NOTES!

DIGITAL RESOURCES:

History Channel: Theodore Roosevelt Fights in the

Spanish American War (3:09)

The Century: America’s Time

Seeds of Change (1 of 3)

Start/Stop Times:

• 4:32 – 7:50 (Spanish American War)

• 7:50 – 10:13 (Panama Canal)

HISTORICAL THINKING MATTERS:

SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

http://www.youtube.com/watch

?v=q1goSNElCyE#t=116

BRAINSTORM: WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO “COLONIZE”

At the height of its power, the _________ Empire

was the largest in the world.

Spanish

On your blank map, label the following territories/countries:

1. Spain 5. Panama

2. Florida (& the Florida Keys) 6. Philippines

3. Cuba 7. Guam

4. Puerto Rico

Atlas

Activity

By the late 1800’s, the Spanish

Empire had dwindled to a few

possessions in Africa, the Pacific and

the Caribbean. They were not nearly

as powerful as they once had been.

Florida – Adams-Onis Treaty

WORLD EMPIRES

1900-1914

THE SPANISH

AMERICAN WAR

Start: April 25, 1898

End: August 12, 1898

Only 3 months of

actual fighting!

BACKGROUND:

CUBAN REBELLION AGAINST

SPANISH RULE

• The people of Cuba had lived

under Spanish rule for centuries

and they were tired of it. Cubans

rebelled many times in the late

1800’s but were always

overpowered by Spain.

• ____________, a hero of the

Cuban Independence Movement,

fled to the U.S. to gather money,

arms, and troops.

Jose

Marti

CUBAN REBELLION…

• In 1895, a new fight

for independence

broke out in Cuba.

• Rebels burned

___________ fields

and destroyed

property in hopes of

driving out the

Spanish Empire.

sugarcane

HOW DID THE UNITED

STATES REACT?

• American business and government leaders worried about the violence in Cuba.

• Many sugar plantations were owned by Americans, and they lost _________ when the ________ was destroyed

money

So, the U.S. became involved in order to protect

American ___________________ in Cuba. business interests

sugar

SPANISH MISTREATMENT

OF THE CUBANS

• Images of Cubans suffering at the

hands of the Spanish government

created support among the American

people for the Cuban rebels.

• In 1896, Spanish General Weyler

started the “Reconcentracíon Policy”-

-PBS: Crucible of Empire

YELLOW JOURNALISM

• The American press, especially _____________, covered every tragedy in detail.

• Newspapers tried to ______ each other with __________ reports.

• These were sensationalized, biased, and often _____ reports

• The more shocking the story…the more newspapers they sold!

newspapers

false Left – Pulitzer Right - Hearst

Click here for info on

the newspaper wars

outdo

shocking

YELLOW

JOURNALISM…

• When rioting broke out in Havana, President McKinley felt forced to send a US Navy ship to monitor the situation.

• The USS _______, a 10-year-old battleship arrived in Havana Harbor in January of 1898.

USS MAINE

Maine

• Three weeks later, the U.S.S.

Maine blew up in the harbor,

killing 260 American sailors.

DID SPAIN SINK OUR SHIP?

“REMEMBER

THE MAINE”

The Yellow Journals

had a field day and

the cry went out

among Americans

from coast to coast:

- No one knows

for sure whether

the explosion

was an accident

or the result of

sabotage

- Most historians

now agree that it

was an issue in

the furnace

room…no fault

of Spain!

FIRST STRIKE: THE BATTLE

OF MANILA BAY

• Spain had controlled the Philippines for over 300 years!

• The United States opened with a surprise attack in the ___________, far from Cuba, by sinking the _______ naval fleet in the Pacific.

• Spain lost around 400 men, but the U.S. had less than ten casualties.

• The war lasted a little over 3 months and ended with an American victory!

Spanish

The USS Olympia at the Battle of Manila Bay

Philippines

OUTCOME OF THE

TREATY OF PARIS

Spain had to give the U.S.

control of the Philippines,

Guam, Puerto Rico, and Cuba

The Philippines (colony)

Guam (colony)

Puerto Rico (colony)

Cuba - gained independence

from Spain but were

temporarily a “protectorate”

under U.S. control

What was the impact of the United States gaining

these territories from Spain?

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA = WORLD POWER

TIME TO FILL

IN YOUR

NOTES

• REASONS FOR THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

• RESULTS OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

REASONS FOR THE

SPANISH AMERICAN WAR:

1. Protection of American ________________ in Cuba.

2. American support of Cuban _____ to gain independence from ______.

3. Rising tensions between Spain and the United States as a result of sinking of the _________ in the Havana Harbor.

4. Exaggerated _____ reports of events with ______ journalism.

business interests

Spain

rebels

USS

Maine

yellow

news

RESULTS OF THE SPANISH

AMERICAN WAR:

• The United States emerged

as a world ______.

• Cuba gained independence

from _______.

• The United States gained

possession of the

___________,

_______, and ______ ____.

Spain

power

PhilippinesGuam Puerto Rico

Summary: The Spanish American War

When: April 25, 1898 – August 12, 1898 (3½months of actual fighting)

Where:

• Cuba & Puerto Rico (Caribbean)

• Philippines & Guam (Asia-Pacific)

Outcome: American Victory; officially ended with the Treaty of Paris

• America became a “protectorate” over Cuba

• Collapse of the Spanish Empire… Spain no longer a world power

• Outbreak of the Philippine-American War (a brief conflict the U.S. adopted

from the previous rulers)

Territory Changes:

• Spain relinquished control over Cuba to the United States

• Spain surrendered Puerto Rico and Guam to the United States

• Spain also surrendered the Philippine Islands to the United States in

exchange for $20 million dollars

Most important fact to remember…

The United States emerged as a World Power because it

gained colonies in the Caribbean and the Pacific.

Roosevelt & the Panama Canal

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