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Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Project Number: DE-FC26-05NT42590
Presented to:
Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships 2011 Peer ReviewArlington, Virginia
March 17, 2011
Presented by:
Susan HovorkaResearch Scientist
Bureau of Economic Geology
The University of Texas at Austin
Vello A. KuuskraaPresident
Advanced Resources International, Inc.
Acknowledgements
This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory.
Cost share and research support provided by SECARB/SSEB Carbon Management Partners.
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Presentation Outline
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1. Introduction (Hovorka)
2. Technical Discussion: Early Test (Hovorka)
3. Technical Discussion: Anthropogenic Test (Kuuskraa)
4. Wrap Up (Kuuskraa)
Early Test
Denbury Resources’ Cranfield FieldNear Natchez, Mississippi
SECARB Phase III
SECARB Early Test was recognized by DOE for furthering CCS technology and meeting G-8 goals for deployment of 20 similar projects by 2010. The Early Test is the fifth project worldwide to reach the CO2 injection volume of one million tonnes and the first in the U.S.
- (DOE Techline, 11/05/2009)
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Anthropogenic Test
Capture: Alabama Power ‘s Plant Barry, Bucks, Alabama
Transportation: Denbury Onshore LLC
Geo Storage: Denbury’s Citronelle Field,
Citronelle, Alabama
RCSP Program Goals – Early Test
Predict storage capacities within +/- 30% Well known based upon production history; Early Test advanced the understanding
of efficiency of pore-volume occupancy (E factor). Success metrics: Measure saturation during multiphase plume evolution
(completed). Increase predictive capabilities (modeling underway).
Evaluate protocols to demonstrate that 99% of CO2 is retained Permanence of geologic system well understood prior to test because of retention
of large volumes of methane. Retention uncertainties lie in well performance. Early Test is evaluating methods to
assess well performance. Success metrics: Measure changes above the injection zone along well, above
zone monitoring interval (AZMI), and at surface (P-site) over long times (underway).
Contribute to development of Best Practices Manuals Early Test researchers have contributed to Best Practices Manuals on MVA,
characterization, risk and modeling. Assistance has been provided on related protocol development, including IOGCC (U.S.), Pew Center accounting study (U.S.), IPAC-CO2 (Canada), and CO2-Care (EU).
5
RCSP Project Goals – Early Test
Goal 1 - Adequate Injectivity and Capacity Advanced the understanding of efficiency of pore-volume occupancy (E factor) by measuring
the saturation during multiphase plume evolution. Anticipate increasing predictive capabilities through modeling.
Goal 2 - Storage Permanence Although well understood prior to test, assessed methods for documenting well performance,
which include:–Measure changes above the injection zone along well, above zone monitoring interval (AZMI), and at surface (P site) over long times (underway)
Goal 3 - Areal Extent of Plume and Potential Leakage Pathways Measured down-dip extent of plume via VSP and 4-D seismic to improve the uncertainty
regarding the radial flow (down dip/out of pattern) in the 4-way closure. Increase predictive capabilities through modeling
Goal 4 -Risk Assessment Saline storage site is located in EOR field with operator owning CO2. Use Early Test to advance risk assessment techniques and share information. Completed certification framework assessment of leakage risk. Confirmed well performance as highest uncertainty and focus of monitoring research.
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RCSP Project Goals – Early Test
Goal 5 - Develop Best Practices Participated in developing BPMs for MVA, characterization, risk and reservoir modeling.
Goal 6 - Public Outreach and Education On-site outreach handled by Landmen. SSEB and Early Team focus on O&E in public and technical arenas. Hosted site visits, responses to local and trade media, Fact Sheets, and website postings of
project information.
Goal 7 - Improvement of Permitting Requirements Permits obtained by site operator. Project team focus is on development of regulatory framework for GHG. Provided experience with monitoring instruments and well performance to decision makers.
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SECARB Organizational Chart
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DOE/NETL
Program ManagementProject Management & Budget/Administrative Oversight
Southern States Energy Board (SSEB)
Early Test
Continued CharacterizationTX BEG/GCCC, EPRI, ARI
Offshore Study(Collaborators: SSEB,
TX BEG/GCCC, Geological Survey of Alabama, and
IOGCC)
TX BEG /Gulf Coast Carbon Center(Collaborators outlined in
Early Test section)
Regional Activities
Electric PowerResearch Institute
(Collaborators outlined in Anthropogenic Test section)
Anthropogenic Test
OutreachSSEB
Environmental Information Volumes
Cardno ENTRIX, Steve Walden Consulting
Environmental Information Volumes
Steve Walden Consulting
Legal & RegulatorySSEB
Federal collaboratorsVis FWP
Separately funded
Stanford, Princeton, U Edinburgh, UT PGE & ICES (CFSES), U. Tennessee, USGS RITE, BP
Early Test Organization Chart
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Gulf Coast Carbon CenterBureau of Economic Geology
Jackson School of GeosciencesThe University of Texas at Austin
Sandia Technologies Monitoring Systems Design, Installation,
HS&E
Denbury ResourcesField owner and injection system
design, management, 4-D
survey, HS&E
LBNLWell-based geophysics, U-tube and lab design
and fabrication
LLNLERT
ORNLPFT, Stable isotopes
NETLRock-water interaction
USGSGeochemistry
Environmental Information Volumes
Walden Consulting
SSEB
50 Vendorse.g. SchlumbergerVendors
e.g. local landman
Vendorse.g. equipment
MSU UmissHydro & hydrochem
Core LabUT DoG
Anchor QEA
NRAPVSP
Project Overview: Scope of Work Task 1.0: Continued Characterization of Regional Sequestration
Opportunities– Assessment of regionally significant formations (saline); update of CO2
sources; regional/national Atlas updates; participation in RCSP capacity work group.
Task 2.0: Public Outreach and Education– Local (field test), regional , national, and international public outreach and
education. Task 3.0: Site Permitting
– Identification and submittal of required site permitting (EQs, EAs, drilling and injection permits from Miss. Oil and Gas Board).
Task 4.0: Site Characterization and Modeling– Detailed site characterization (existing data and new data collection)
Task 5.0: Well Drilling and Completion– Design and completion of observation and injection wells (Sandia
Tech/Denbury)
10
Project Overview: Scope of Work Task 6.0: Infrastructure Development
– Mostly provided by Denbury. Enlarge well pad, electricity for MVA Task 7.0: CO2 Procurement
– Procure additional CO2 to meet project metric. Task 8.0: Transportation and Injection Operations
– Transportation and injection operations provided by Denbury Task 9.0: Operational Monitoring and Modeling
– Early Test surface and subsurface monitoring, data collection, and modeling.
Task 10.0: Site Closure– Early Test discontinuation plan: Denbury continue commercial injection for
decades Task 11.0: Post-Injection Monitoring and Modeling
– Time lapse monitoring and model updates to history match; RCSP MVA Work Group participation.
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Project Overview: Scope of Work Task 12.0: Project Assessment
– Site-specific, regional and Partnership-wide findings. Task 13.0: Project Management
– Local project management for field sites and overall project management and oversight.
Task 14.0: Does Not Exist– A pipeline study was proposed for Phase III but was later added to the
Phase II program instead. Task 15.0, which was proposed at the same time, was added to the Phase III program. The task numbers were not changed, so there is no Task 14.0 in the Phase III SOW.
Task 15.0: Preliminary Evaluation of Offshore Transport and Storage of CO2
– Resource mapping offshore Gulf of Mexico (state and federal waters); infrastructure inventory; legal and regulatory analysis; outreach and education regarding findings.
12
Project Overview: Schedule and Cost
Project Schedule– Early Test adjusted to match Denbury’s field development plan
Project Cost
13
Phase III Early Test
Dollars Percent
DOE Share $34,186,226 59.53%
Non-DOE Share $23,240,580 40.47%
Total Value $57,426,806*Expenditures as of
12/31/2010$37,796,045
*Does not include the Anthropogenic Test, continued characterization (Task 1), offshore study (Task 15), or regional activities (outreach, project assessment, project management). The total SECARB Phase III Program budget is $111,413,431.
Project Overview: Milestones
14
Gantt Chart All tasks are on schedule and budget.
15
Repetitive depositional units • Results transferable to:
• older and younger units• other parts of region
Confining System
Confining System
Regionally significant sequestration target: Gulf Coast wedge
Early Test – large volumes of CO2
17
Denbury Pipeline System
Update on Results of SECARB “ Early” Test of Monitoring Large Volume Injection at Cranfield
Natchez Mississippi
Mississippi River
3,000 m depthGas cap, oil ring, downdip water legShut in since 1965Strong water driveReturned to near initial pressure
Illustration by Tip Meckel 18
Cranfield
Source of large volumes ofCO2 via pipeline
Source: Dutton and others 1993
Upper Cretaceous Tuscaloosa-Woodbine Trend – Cranfield in Mississippi Salt Basin
19
Phase III
W E
Phase II
Oil-water contact
Stacked Reservoirs at Cranfield
Tip MeckelCross section from 3-D seismic survey
Mid
dle
Tu
scal
oo
sa
con
fin
ing
S
yste
m
20
Cranfield Progress
Ph
ase
II S
ite
dev
elo
pm
ent
Ch
arac
teri
zati
on
2007
Ph
ase
II S
ite
sele
ctio
n
2008 2009
Firstcored well,brine samples
baseline seismic
So
il g
as
ba
selin
e
2006
Phase IIPhase III
2010 2011 2012
Pha
se I
II N
EP
APhase III injection
Phase II injection
1 million tons Phase III injection 10/2010
5/1/2009 million tonnes injectedPhase II + III
End
SE
CA
RB
Ear
ly
12/20/2009Achieve 1 million tonnes/year rate
Drill Phase III3 DAS wells Commercial
injection
Monitoring
Repeat geophysical monitoring 10/2010
Project Workflow
22
Reservoir characterization;3-D, Production historyExisting cores and logsExisting aquifer data GEM and
TOUGH2 models for experiment design
Well drillingCross well seismicMulti-well hydro testsLogging, coring, Petrography, petrophysicsSoil gas recon,Groundwater surveillance
GEM, TOUGH2 Geochemist workbench models for Operations
BHP BHT DTS ERT, RST, U-tube geochemistryMeasurementGroundwater SurveillanceP-site measurements
GEM, TOUGH2 Geochemist workbench models for assessment
Time-lapse Cross well, VSP, repeat 3-DGroundwater SurveillanceP-site measurements
GEM, TOUGH2 Geochemist workbench models for assessment
MVA Design
23
Soil gas
Atmosphere
Area tested Whole plume Focus study
Not tested Not tested
Time-lapse surveys at active and P&Awell pads
“P site” methodology assessment
Groundwater
Shallow production
AZMI
Injection zone
Monitoring well at each injector
Not tested
EGL-7 UM cored test well. Push-pull test
Not tested
DAS pressure and EGL 7 pressure + fluids
DAS multi-well multi tool array
Not tested
Geochemistrybreakthrough
GeoMechanical test
Not tested GMT-failed
Injector
Producer (monitoring point)
Observation Well
High Volume Injection Test(HiVIT)
Detail Area Study DAS
GMT
Phase II
Five Study Areas
Pipeline head&Separation facility
5km
GIS base Tip Meckel
Psite
24
EGL-7
Scientific and Technical ActivitiesT
heo
ryan
d l
abF
ield
ex
per
imen
tsH
ypo
thes
is
test
ed
Commercial Deployment
CO2 retained in-zone- document no leakage to air-no damage to water
CO2 saturation correctly predicted by flow
modeling
Pressure (flow plus deformation)
correctly predicted by model
Above-zone acoustic monitoring (CASSM) & pressure monitoring
Contingency planParsimonious public
assurance monitoringTow
ard
co
mm
erci
aliz
ati
on
Surface monitoring: approach verificationGroundwater programGas variation over time
Subsurface perturbation predicted
Sensitivity of tools; saturated-vadose
modeling of flux and tracers
CO2 saturation measured through time – acoustic impedance + resistivity
Tomography and change through time, gravity
Microseismic test, RITE pressure
mapping
3- D time lapse surface/ VSP seismic
Acoustic response to pressure change over
time
Dissolution and saturation measured via tracer breakthrough and chromatography
Lab-based core response to EM and acoustic under various saturations, tracer
behavior
Advanced simulation of reservoir pressure field
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CO2 Injection Zone
Above-Zone Pressure Monitoring –powerful tool for leakage detection
Fifteen Months of pressure data
Tip Meckel
E-W Stratigraphic Section
Middle Tuscaloosa Confining System
Tuscaloosa DE injection zone
AZMI
26
27
High quality but complex injection zone
Channelerosion
Channelerosion
Channelerosion
Point bar Point bar
Channelerosion
Galloway 1983
Meander fluvial model
Stratal slicing of 3-D volumeHongliu Zeng
DAS MonitoringInjectorCFU 31F1
Obs CFU 31 F2
Obs CFU 31 F3
Above-zone
monitoringF1 F2 F3
Injection Zone
Above Zone Monitoring
10,500 feet BSL
Closely spaced well array to examine flow in complex reservoir
68m
112 m
Petrel model Tip Meckel
28
Probabilistic realization of permeability
Jong-won Choi and JP Nicot BEG29
FI F2 F3
Modeled breakthrough time at well F2 for each of the 10 permeability fields
Breakthrough time at F2
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
12/1/0
9
12/3/0
9
12/5/0
9
12/7/0
9
12/9/0
9
12/11/09
12/13/09
12/15/09
12/17/09
12/19/09
12/21/09
12/23/09
12/25/09
12/27/09
12/29/09
12/31/09
1/2/10
1/4/10
1/6/10
Date
Gas
sat
ura
tio
n
Set #1 at Ly14 (12/16/2009)
Set #2 at Ly17(12/20/2009)
Set #3 at Ly17(12/8/2009)
Set #4 at Ly10(12/15/2009)
Set #5 at Ly19(12/29/2009)
Set #6 at Ly10(12/23/2009)
Set #7 at Ly10(12/23/2009)
Set #8 at Ly10(12/7/2009)
Set #9 at Ly7(12/7/2009)
Set #10 at Ly10(12/11/2009)
Jong-won Choi and JP Nicot BEG
Observed breakthrough
30
Measuring distribution of CO2 in the reservoir
Well-based methods– Wireline logs in time lapse -RST– Temperature
Cross well methods– Time- lapse ERT– Time – lapse acoustic (seismic)
Arial methods– Azimuthal and walk away VSP– Time-lapse 3-D seismic from surface
31
F3
F2
F1 (Injection)
Inter-well Distance (ft)
0.0 140 367
BaselineSep. 2009
Prelim. Cross-well Seismic
ChangeNov. 2010
Ajo-Franklin and Daley LBNL
Edge
effe
cts
CO
2 masked
by m
ethan
e
Preliminary surface 3-D difference 2007 (pre injection)- 11/2010
InjectorProducer
Trevor Richards, Denbury
High frequency fluid sampling via U-tube yields data on flow processes
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
11/29/09 0:00 12/4/09 0:00 12/9/09 0:00 12/14/09 0:00 12/19/09 0:00 12/24/09 0:00 12/29/09 0:00 1/3/10 0:00
SAMPLING TIME
CO
NC
EN
TR
AT
ION
CH4
CO2
BEG, LBNL, USGS, ORNL, UTDoG, data compiled by Changbing Yang BEG
Breakthrough of of CO2
No sa
mple
s
Additional flow paths – more methane extracted
Double injection rate
Small diameter sampler with N2 drive brings fluids quickly to surface with tracers intactCO2 dissolution into brine liberates dissolved CH4
Originallybrine methane saturated
35
36
P site Tests Effects of Vadose-Zone Carbon Cycling on Leaked Gasses
Romanak and Yang, BEG
Modeling Underway
SIMSEQ – interpartnership model development test GEM models – DAS and HiVIT LBNL – TOUGH2 DOE BES EFRC program - CFSES NRAP
37
GEM modeled CO2 plume evolution HiVIT Nicot and Choi BEG
Dec 2009 March 2010
TOUGH2DAS DoughtyLBNL
Risk Assessment – Certification Framework
Nicot, (BEG) Oldenburg (LBNL) and others, 2011
38
39
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
3000
3200
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
Dep
th (m
)
Mass Flux (kg/m2/s)
Base Case
Sensitivity Case 1
Sensitivity Case 2
Lower Tuscaloosa
Middle Tuscaloosa
Upper Tuscaloosa
Eutaw
Eagle Ford
Austin Chalk
Midway ClaystonesLower Tuscaloosa
Middle Tuscaloosa
Upper TuscaloosaEutaw
Eagle Ford
Austin Chalk
Midway Claystones
Wilcox
39
Nicot, (BEG) Oldenburg (LBNL) and others, 2011
Risk Assessment – Certification Framework
FloridaUSGS
SECARB Early Knowledge Sharing U.S. and International Programs
Building from past experiences
Exchange with sister projects
Sharing results with future projects
Frio Test 1&2
Plant Daniel
GEO-SEQ
Nagaoka
Mountaineer
SECARB Early Test
SECARB Anthro Test
Otway
Decatur
In Salah
BIG CCS(Norway)
Univ. Oslo(Norway)
Scottish Center CCS
RITE Microsesmic
FloridaPolk Co
NRG CCPI
SIM-SEQ
More commercial
CFSES
IPAC-CO2Examples
Mon
itorin
g ap
proa
ches
Fiel
d ex
perie
nce
Resi
stivi
ty
Resi
dual
gas
InSA
R
Pow
er p
lant
site
Pow
er p
lant
site
Mon
itorin
g ap
proa
ches
ERT
Indu
stria
l
Com
mer
cial
in
tegr
ation
40
Ketzin
NRAP
AP/Leucadia/Hastings
Education and Outreach
41
• GCCC Outreach: press, conferences, publications, testimony
www.gulfcoastcarbon.com
• ARRA Funded Projects– STORE:
• sequestration training outreach research and education www.storeCO2now.com
– SECARB-Ed www.secarb-ed.org (led by SSEB)
Interim Conclusions of Study at Cranfield
1 million metric ton/year rate achieved Dec 20, 2009, 2.6 Million metric tons monitored since July 2008
Injection maintained >30 months Monitored with standard and novel approaches
– History match pressure response– Above-Zone Monitoring Interval (AZMI)– Fluid flow measured/monitored with multiple tools in complex
flow field– Quantification of dissolution– Knowledge sharing, outreach, risk assessment
Export to commercial EOR/sequestration projects
42
SECARB Early Test Future Plans
Extensive modeling Continue monitoring Downhole,
P&T , AZMI P site , groundwater,
Mine existing Cranfield data and share with others to increase predictive capabilities (e.g., SIM-SEQ inter-partnership model development program).
43
Attachment A
44
SECARB Phase II
Stacked Storage ProjectCranfield Test Site
Host Company: Denbury Resources, Inc.near Natchez, Mississippi
Coal Seam ProjectHost Company: CNX GasRussell County, Virginia
Coal Seam ProjectHost Company: El Paso E&P
near Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Mississippi Test SiteMississippi Power’s Plant Daniel
Escatawpa, Mississippi
45
SECARB Phase III: Total Program Budget
46
Project Overview: Scope of Work Structure
Organization (Tasks 1, 15 are unique) Organization (Tasks 2-13)
– Task Level (Activity) Subtask Level (Field Test Site or Regional Effort)
– Early Test is X.1– Anthropogenic Test is X.2– Regional Efforts are X.3
Example– Task 2.0: Public Outreach and Education
Subtask 2.1: SECARB Early Test Public Outreach and Education
Subtask 2.2: SECARB Anthropogenic Test Public Outreach and Education
Subtask 2.3: Regional and Partnership Public Outreach and Education
47
SECARB Phase III: Tasks & ScheduleAll tasks are on schedule and budget.
Task Start EndContinued Characterization of Regional Sequestration Options (TASK 1.0) 10/1/07 3/31/17
Subtask 1.1: Improved Geologic Characterization of Regionally Significant Tuscaloosa/Woodbine Saline Formations 1/1/08 12/14/09Subtask 1.2: Information for Use in the Update to the Regional Atlas 10/1/07 9/25/08Subtask 1.3: Participation in Capacity Subgroup 10/1/07 9/25/08
Subtask 1.4: Further Geologic Characterization of Regionally Significant Large Capacity Saline Formations 1/1/09 12/31/12
Subtask 1.5: Updated Assessment of the CO2 Storage Potential of the SECARB Coals and the Organic Shales 1/1/09 12/17/10
Subtask 1.6: Reservoir Characteristic Data for Other SECARB Saline Reservoirs 10/1/09 9/30/12Subtask 1.7: Update of CO2 Sources in the SECARB Region 10/1/09 9/30/12Subtask 1.8: Provide Information for Use in the Updates to the Regional Atlas 10/1/12 9/30/15Subtask 1.9: Provide Information on Subsequent Updates to Regional Atlas 10/1/15 3/31/17Public Outreach and Education (TASK 2.0) 10/1/07 9/30/17Subtask 2.1: SECARB Early Test Public Outreach and Education 10/1/07 9/30/17Subtask 2.2: Anthropogenic Test Public Outreach and Education 1/1/09 9/30/15Subtask 2.3: Regional and Partnership Public Outreach and Education 10/1/07 9/30/17
48
SECARB Phase III: Tasks & ScheduleAll tasks are on schedule and budget.
Task Start EndSite Permitting (TASK 3.0) 7/7/07 6/30/11Subtask 3.1: Permitting for the Early Test Site 7/7/07 5/15/09Subtask 3.2: Permitting for the Anthropogenic Test Site 1/1/09 6/30/11Site Characterization and Modeling (TASK 4.0) 10/1/07 12/15/11Subtask 4.1: Site Characterization and Modeling for the Early Test Site 10/1/07 12/15/11Subtask 4.2: Site Characterization and Modeling for the Anthropogenic Test Site 1/1/09 7/31/11Well Drilling and Completion (TASK 5.0) 10/1/07 9/30/11Subtask 5.1: Early Test Site Well Drilling and Completion 10/1/07 5/21/10Subtask 5.2: Anthropogenic Test Well Drilling and Completion 10/1/09 9/30/11Infrastructure Development (TASK 6.0) 10/1/07 9/30/11Subtask 6.1: Early Test Site Infrastructure Development 10/1/07 1/30/11Subtask 6.2: Anthropogenic Test Site Infrastructure Development 10/1/10 9/30/11CO2 Procurement (TASK 7.0) 9/28/08 2/28/11Subtask 7.1: Early Test CO2 Procurement 9/28/08 1/30/11Subtask 7.2: Anthropogenic Test CO2 Procurement 10/1/10 2/28/11Transportation and Injection Operations (TASK 8.0) 9/30/09 3/31/14Subtask 8.1: Early Test CO2 Transportation and Injection Operations 9/30/09 1/30/11Subtask 8.2: Anthropogenic Test CO2 Transportation and Injection Operations 1/1/11 3/31/14Operational Monitoring and Modeling (TASK 9.0) 11/15/07 3/31/15Subtask 9.1: Early Test Operational Monitoring and Modeling 11/15/07 1/30/11Subtask 9.2: Anthropogenic Test Operational Monitoring and Modeling 4/1/10 3/31/15
49
SECARB Phase III: Tasks & ScheduleAll tasks are on schedule and budget.
Task Start EndSite Closure (TASK 10.0) 10/1/07 3/31/17Subtask 10.1: Cranfield Test Discontinuation 10/1/07 10/30/13Subtask 10.2: Anthropogenic Test Site Closure 10/1/15 3/31/17Post-Injection Monitoring and Modeling (TASK 11.0) 6/15/09 3/31/17Subtask 11.1: Early Test Post-Injection Monitoring and Modeling 6/15/09 9/30/14Subtask 11.2: Anthropogenic Test Post-Injection Monitoring and Modeling 6/1/15 3/31/17Project Assessment (TASK 12.0) 10/1/07 7/30/17Subtask 12.1: Early Test Project Assessment 4/1/08 9/15/15Subtask 12.2: Anthropogenic Test Project Assessment 10/1/10 7/30/17Subtask 12.3: Regional Project Assessment 10/1/07 7/30/17Project Management (TASK 13.0) 10/1/07 10/31/17Subtask 13.1: Project Management - GCCC 10/1/07 7/30/17Subtask 13.2: Project Management - EPRI 10/1/07 7/30/17Subtask 13.3: Project Management - SSEB 10/1/07 10/31/17Preliminary Evaluation of Offshore Transport and Storage of CO2 (TASK 15.0) 10/1/09 9/30/11Subtask 15.1: Offshore Gulf of Mexico Resource Mapping - Federal Waters 10/1/09 9/30/10Subtask 15.2: Offshore Gulf of Mexico Resource Mapping - State Waters - Florida Panhandle, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana 10/1/09 9/30/10Subtask 15.3: Legal and Regulatory Structures and Opportunities 10/1/09 9/30/11
50