Solids Liquids & Gases Looking At Matter

Almost everything around us is made of matter.

Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms.

What Is Matter?

Atoms move around and behave differently

at different temperatures

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

Atoms have different properties at different temperatures.

All matter can exist in any of these 4 states, depending on the temperature around it

Let’s look closely at the 4 states of matter…

This gives us the 4 states of matter:

Solids Liquids Gases Plasma

States of Matter

Solids have a definite volume and definite shape.

Solids

They can only vibrate in place.

Atoms in solids are packed very close

together. They can’t move that much.

e.g. gold, paperclip, ice

> Solids

This allows liquids to flow and to slosh around!

Atoms in a liquid can slide by each another, but they aren’t as free to move as in gases

e.g. oil, glue, water

Liquids have a definite volume, but NO shape.

Liquids

> Liquids

Gases have NO fixed volume or shape.

Gases fill any container they are put inside

Gas atoms have lots of energy: they zip around quickly and are spread

out from each other

e.g. air, helium, steam

Gases

> Gases

Plasma can only occur at very high temperatures.

Plasma exists naturally in stars and in lightning

Plasma atoms act like gas atoms, but they

have lost their electrons. They have high energy!

e.g. neon signs, reactors

Plasma

> Plasma

By changing temperature, matter can change state.

Take water, for example:

Changing States

Solids Liquids Gases Plasma

Heat It Up

Cool It Down

Increasing the temperature increases the energy.

Energy

Heat It Up

Cool It Down

INCREASING ENERGY

DECREASING ENERGY

Solids Liquids Gases

Changes of State

Know the changes of state!

When a substance changes state, the type of atom DOESN’T CHANGE.

Ice Water Steam

Water is water, even in ice, water or steam!

Still The Same!

Solid Liquid Gas

Water Still water! Still water!

Any Questions?