Sep 23­12:30 PM

Chapter 3 Section 1 Solids, Liquids, and

Gases

**Materials can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on whether their shapes and volumes are definite or variable.

Sep 23­12:32 PM

SOLIDS:

· Have a definite shape and volume · Particles are close together and held tightly

How the atoms in a solid would appear

Sep 23­12:37 PM

LIQUIDS:

· Have a definite volume but change shape

· Particles are close together, but not held as

tightly as a solid.

How the atoms in a liquid would appear

Sep 23­12:40 PM

GASES: 

· No definite shape or volume

How the atoms in a gas would appear

Sep 23­12:44 PM

PLASMA: (the other state of matter)

· No definite shape· Conducts electric current · Common in stars· Harmful to living things (too much energy)· 99% of matter is in plasma state

Sep 23­12:47 PM

Kinetic Energy:The energy of motion 

Kinetic Theory of Matter:Says that all particles of matter are in constant motion. 

Sep 23­12:52 PM

Behavior of Gases:

Particles in a gas are never at rest.

The constant motion of particles in a gas allows a gas to fill a container of any shape or size.

There are forces of attraction among the particles in all matter.

Sep 24­7:36 AM

Kinetic Theory of Gases: 

2. The motion of one particle is unaffected by the motion of other particles unless the particles collide

3. Forces of attraction among particles in a gas can be ignored under ordinary conditions.

1. Particles in a gas are in constant, random motion

Sep 23­12:53 PM

Behavior of Liquids:

A liquid takes the shape of its container becauseparticles in a liquid can flow to new locations. The volume of a liquid is constant because forces of attraction keep the particles close together.

Sep 23­12:54 PM

Behavior of Solids:

Solids have a definite volume and shape because particles in a solid vibrate around fixed locations.

Sep 23­12:54 PM

Behavior of Solids:

Solids have a definite volume and shape because particles in a solid vibrate around fixed locations.

Sep 22­12:53 PM

Concept Check 1.) True/False: A solid has a definite

volume but can change shape2.) True/False. A gases particles are never at rest.3.) True/False. The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that particles of matter are always in constant motion.

Sep 22­12:53 PM

Concept Check 1.) Which state of matter has a definite

volume but can change shape?2.) True/False. A gases particles are never at rest.3.) True/False. The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that particles of matter are always in constant motion.

Sep 25­1:35 PM

Pressure Is the result of a force distributed over

an area.

Sep 20­10:57 AM

Factors That Affect Gas Pressure1.) Temperature

Raising the temperature of a gas will increase its pressure of the volume of the gas if the number of particles are constant.

2.) VolumeReducing the volume of a gas increases its pressure if

the temperature of the gas and the number of particles are constant

3.) Number of ParticlesIncreasing the number of particles will

increase the pressure of a gas if the temperature and the volume are constant.

Sep 20­11:37 AM

Phase ChangeThe reversible physical change that occurs

when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.

The temperature of a substance does not change during a phase change

During a phase change, energy is either absorbed or released

Sep 20­1:33 PM

EndothermicThe system absorbs energy from its surroundings

Examples: melting, vaporization, sublimation

ExothermicThe system releases energy to its surroundings

Examples: freezing, deposition, condensation

Sep 20­1:36 PM

Phase Changes:Melting - SOLID to LIQUIDFreezing - LIQUID to SOILD

Vaporization - LIQUID to GAS (Evaporation & Boiling)Condensation - GAS to LIQUID Ex: Dew

Sublimation - SOLID to GAS Ex: dry iceDeposition - GAS to SOLID Ex: frost