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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMDelhi state

1PROCESS2.STORAGE1.GENERATION OF REFUSE

3.COLLECTION4.TRANSPORTATION5.PROCESSING AND DISPOSALWASTE MANAGEMENT ZONES IN DELHI

ASPECTS sources of wasteDomestic- household wasteCommercial shops ,markets , godowns etc.Institutional - from schools ,colleges ,hospitals ,offices etc.Industrial-manufacturing.Excreta- human (drains)Construction debrisHazardous waste non-biodegradable or persistent in nature.Toxic waste retards growth ,decrease fullness of health.Street sweeping -daily collection from streets

SOURCES OF WASTE IN DELHI

ASPECTSComposition of waste : waste food, agricultural waste, animal waste, paper, plastic, excreta, rubber, glass, wood, garden waste, construction waste, industrial waste, pathological waste, radio-active waste, dust, ash, sludge, slit from drains.

Quantity of waste generated : -varies according to the socio-economic conditions of society -industrialization of that area -commercial activities undertaken -food habits -local customs (culture) -climate -degree of recycling of wasteFor example generation of waste would be more in area of higher standards as compared to area of lower standards of living. -seasonal variation affects waste generationIt very difficult to calculate the actual collection of a city but its always estimated through theLoad pickers.ASPECTSASPECTS Quantity of waste generated :

STORAGE OF WASTEAt present there are 5000 garbage dumps in DelhiIn the Master Plan Of Delhi 2001 there is a provision of cover dustbins and quick removal Of Waste in areas within 10 km of airport.The requirement of dustbins and dhallaos are being worked out on the basis of norms of solid waste generation :

COLLECTION OF WASTEHouse to house collection system

Street sweepingCan be private sweepers or civic agencies indulged.Only civic agencies having above 40,000 SAFAI KARAMCHIRIES on rollTransportation of waste The waste from community bins is collected and transported to the processing and disposal sites using variety of vehicles owned by MCD ,NDMC, and cantonment area.

MCD has about 615 vehicles including tippers ,dump places and compacters animal carts are also used for this purpose in MCD.NDMC has 41 (22 compacters and 19 mini compacters) vehicles.Cantonment Board has 8 general performance open body trucks.

tippersCOMPACTERSDISPOSAL Sanitary landfillingComposting Incineration WASTE DISPOSAL SITE PROPOSED IN MPD 2001

1.Sanitary Landfilling

Most hygienic methodFree from health hazardsMost common Cheapest method

GAZIPUR LANDFILLING SITE

Canal running along the site

Canal now restricts the extension of the site as well as landfilling there is hazardous now.Thats why they stopped the landfilling there .Catering MCD and NDMC areas

Restoration process in Gazipur

Workers covering Ghazipur landfill near New Delhi with geo-membrane. Many dumping yards have been converted into parks and golf courses after covering them with layers of geo-membrane, clay lining and soil covering. GREEN SLOPE

Indraprastha park in nizamuddin is a live example of restoring a landfilling site in an urban setting.Composting of waste

Manual or mechanical process used for the conversion of only organic waste like vegetables , Putrescible into organic soil containers rich in nitrogen ,phosphate and potash etc. Composting of city garbage can produce a good quality manure.At present moment there are 2 mechanical compost plants one each of MCD and NDMC.Details are given below:

2.IncinerationIt is a process of controlled combustion for burning solid wastes where during the process of combustion ,moisture is vaporised and combustible portion is vaporised and oxidised. CO ,ash ,non-combustibles and water vapour are the end products.Electricity can be generated. Solves space problem but produces toxic gases like Cl, HCl, HCN, SO2 High temp furnaces break down hazardous compounds but are expensive.A 300 mt/day incineration- cum- power generation plant to produce 3.7 MW power was setup near Timarpur in 1989(assisted by DINDA) which remained operational only for a very short period of time.

Reuse

- Reuse corrugated moving boxes internally.

- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice envelopes, file folders, and paper.

- Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups, and glasses.

- Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing shipments.

- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather than purchase new ones.

WHAT SHOULD BE DONE Reduce Waste

- Reduce office paper waste by implementing a formal policy to duplex all draft reports and by making training manuals and personnel information available electronically.

- Improve product design to use less materials.

- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while maintaining strength.

- Work with customers to design and implement a packaging return program.

- Switch to reusable transport containers.

- Purchase products in bulk.Recycling of wastePaper waste for repulpingTextile waste for paper making ,and machinery wipers.Glass and Metals for resmeltingRubber for down graded use Plastic for producing inferior grade of plastics etc.

Due to increase in slums, which is due to migrant population from other states waste generation is increased

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