presented by :-

RIYAJ SAYYAD BASHINDE

Third year, Department of CIVIL Engineering

Kolhapur Institute of Technology’s College of Engineering, Kolhapur

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

CONTENT: What is solid waste?

Sources of wastes

Collection of solid waste

Types of solid waste

What is SWM?

Objectives of SWM

Methods of SWM

Case study on SWM

Conclusion

Reference

What is Solid Waste?non-liquid ,non soluble materials ranging from municipal garbage to industrial wastes that contain complex and sometimes hazardous substance

Examples: plastics, Styrofoam containers, bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash, etc.

Sources of Wastes:

Households

Commerce and Industry

Agriculture

Fisheries

Collection of solid waste:

Collection of waste includes gathering the waste, transporting to a centralized location and then moving it to site of disposal

Then collected waste is the separated.

Types of solid waste:

Hazardous waste:Hazardous waste are the types of waste which are

harmful for human beings.

E.g.:-solvents acids, heavy metals,pesticides,etc.

Non-Hazardous waste:Non Hazardous waste are the types of waste which

are not harmful for human beings.

E.g.:-garbage, sludge, municipal trash.

What is meant by solid waste management?

Solid Waste management is the"generation, prevention, characterization,monitoring, treatment, handling, reuse andresidual disposition of solid wastes".

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT-ObjectivesPublic hygiene and health

Reuse ,Recovery and Recycle

Energy generation

Sustainable development

Aesthetics

Methods of solid waste management:• LAND FILL

• INCINERATION

• COMPACTION:

• PYROLYSIS:-

• The 3 R’s

1.LAND FILL: It is the most traditional method of waste disposal.

Waste is directly dumped into disused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.

Disposed waste is compacted and covered with soil

Gases generated by the decomposing waste materials are often burnt to generate power.

It is generally used for domestic waste.

2. INCINERATION: Incineration is a waste treatment process that

involves the combustion of solid waste at 1000C.

waste materials are converted into ash, flue gas, and heat.

The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and gases due to organic waste.

the heat generated by incineration is used to generate electric power.

3.COMPACTION: The waste is compacted or compressed. It also

breaks up large or fragile items of waste.

This process is conspicuous in the feed at the back end of many garbage collection vehicles. Deposit refuse at bottom of slope for best compaction and control of blowing litter.

4.PYROLYSIS: Pyrolysis is defined as thermal degradation of

waste in the absence of air to produce char, pyrolysis oil and syngas, e.g. the conversion of wood to charcoal also it is defined as destructive distillation of waste in the absence of oxygen. External source of heat is employed in this process.

5.The 3 R’s:

REDUCE

REUSE

RECYCLE

REDUCE: You can help by PRECYCLING. 1/3 of all garbage is

packaging. Buy things that are in packages that can be recycled or

are made of recycled materials. When you buy something small, say no thanks to a bag.

REUSE: Many things can be reused before you throw them out.

Use coffee cans and cottage cheese containers for storage

Put leftovers in resalable containers instead of using wraps and foil

Use old clothes as rags for cleaning instead of paper towels

Have a garage sale or donate clothes, books or toys that you don't use anymore

RECYCLE: Each year we use:

25 billion plastic containers

30 billion bottles & jars

65 billion aluminum cans

100 billion pounds of paper

Case study

Location: Solid waste management in Mumbai, Maharashtra

Capital of Maharashtra

Greater Mumbai consist of ‘island city’ and suburbs;area:437.71 sq km (MCGM 2013);under single municipal administration

General profile:

Population of city around 12 mn

41.3% of total urban households live in slums

Climate :moderately hot ,humid almost through the year

Waste collection: Agency in charge is MCGM or BMC

Garbage generated in 2012-2013 is 9200 metric ton

Street Sweeping – 100% street cleaning in 1 or 2 shifts (67% by municipal staff and 33% roads by private contractors)

Collection 83% through collection bins and 13% house-to-house collection (Source: MCGM)

Frequency :

1396 number of trips each day. (MCGM

Waste Collection Pilot schemes:Advanced Locality Management (ALM) –

• Street communities interact with Ward officers; for civic issues like promoting

• rag-pickers for dry waste collection and composting for wet-waste

Waste Management Framework:

Stakeholders

Institution in Charge –

Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM )

Informal Rag-pickers and Recyclers

NGOs and recycling

companiesCitizens

Waste Disposal - Journey of Waste…

Methods of landfillArea method

Trench method

Open pit method

Canyon method.

Area methodThe area method is used when the terrain is unsuitable for

excavation.

The filling operation usually is started by building an earthen levee against which wastes are compacted and placed in thin layers.

At the end of each days operation a 150-300 mm of layer of cover material is placed over the completed landfill.

A completed lift, including the cover material is called a cell

CONCLUSION: Solid Waste Management is one of the important

functions of urban local bodies.

It is observed that lack of financial resources, institutional weakness, improper selection of technology, transportation systems and disposal options are making this problem even worse.

Increase in population has increased all sorts of demands leading to formation of wastes.

If ignored, this problem may lead serious hazards and hence this topic is burning issue.

REFERENCE:

https://www.wikipedia.org/

http://www.mcgm.gov.in/irj/portal/anonymous/qlcleanover

Solid Waste Management: Types, Sources, Effects and Methods of Solid Waste Management;by Puja Mondal

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT; P. U. Asnani

Waste disposal and landfill: Information needs; R. Taylor and A. Allen

Thank you