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The sun and the celestial bodies which revolve

around it form the solar system. It consist of

large number of bodies such as planets, comets,

asteroids and meteors. The gravitational

attraction between the sun and these objects

keeps them revolving around it.

The Sun

The Sun is the nearest star from us. It is continuously

emitting huge amounts of heat and light. The Sun is the

source of almost all energy on the Earth. In fact, the Sun is

the main source of heat and light for all the planets.

The Planets

The Planets look like stars, but they do not have light of their

own. They merely reflect the sunlight that falls on them.

The simplest method of identifying planets from stars is that

stars twinkle, whereas planets do not. Also the planets keep

changing their positions with respect to the stars.

A planet has a definite path in which it revolves around the

Sun. This path is called an orbit. The time taken by a planet to

complete one revolution is called its period of revolution. This

period of revolution increases as the distance of the planet

increases from the sun.

Planets

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are mainly composedof solid substances like rocks, iron and nickel. They arecalled terrestrial planets.

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are mainlycomposed of condensed gases such as hydrogen andmethane. They are called Jovian planets.

Name of the planet

Radius of the planet(Earth’s radius taken as 1 unit)

Distance from the Sun(distance towards earth is taken as 1 unit)

Density Number of satellites

Mercury 0.46 0.39 5.5 0

Venus 0.95 0.72 5.23 0

Earth 1.00 1.00 5.517 1

Mars 0.55 1.50 3.96 2

Jupiter 11.00 5.20 1.33 63

Saturn 9.00 9.50 0.68 47

Uranus 4.00 19.20 1.60 27

Neptune 3.9 30.00 2.30 13

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