What is ‘Software Quality Assurance’?

-SQA is monitoring and improving the process of software development.

-It ensures the standards and procedures which are agreed-upon, are met.

-Identifies the problems / bugs and ensures to resolve them.

-It prevents unnecessary functionalities in software products.

-It ensures the software requirements are met, and sometimes even crossing the levels of satisfaction.

What is Software Testing?

Software testing is a process under controlled conditions and evaluating the expected results.

-Testing involves intentional attempt to make things go wrong, for the purpose of determining the things to happen when they should not.

-Testing is oriented to ‘detection’.

-Testing at times, a combined responsibility of one group which includes testers.

-The overall QA will be monitored by project managers.

-Nearly 25% of testing is the responsibility of development team including project manager.

Why does software have bugs?

Software bugs may occur due to

-Miscommunication or no communication :

1. The exact need / requirements may not be properly communicated.

2. This causes development of software as per the perception of the developers.

-Software Complexity:

1. The complexity of the current software applications are difficult to understand for development team.

2. Multi-tiered architecture, sheer size of various applications, distributed computing etc., contributes to the software complexity growth potential.

-Programming errors:

1. Errors in the programming as per the perception of the developers / team members

-Time Pressures / Deadlines

- Software projects scheduling is difficult.

-Poorly documented code

1. Code modification and maintenance is tough.

2. Badly written or poor documentation causes the code comprehension difficult.

How to introduce new Software QA process in an enterprise?

For the enterprises with high-risk projects, a serious management buy-in is needed to formulize a new QA process.

When the risk involvement is low, the enterprises buy-in and QA implementation would be slower. The QA processes need to be properly balanced with the productivity.

Ad-hoc process might be adapted for small size projects, based on the customers and their projects.

The value for effort most often be in

1. Requirement management process with clear goal and complete testable requirement specifications.

2. Design inspections and code inspections.

What is verification and validation in software testing?

Verification involves in reviews and meetings for evaluating

document plans, code, requirements and specifications.

-Verification is done with

1. List of issues.

2. Checklists.

3. Walkthroughs.

4. Inspection meetings.

-Validation involves actual testing.

-Validation takes place after verifications are completed.

-Every aspect of verification is thoroughly tested in validation.

What is the automation testing requirement for developing web applications?

A web application should fulfill the following criteria:

-Every web page should have a name.

-Consistent name should be give to similar objects.

-Every object should have unique name.

-Every image should contain “alt” attribute.

-Every table that displays data should have appropriate names.

-Proper name should be given to dynamic content.

What are the tools used during test preparation by a tester?

-Firebug – Used to edit, debug and monitor a web site’s HTML, CSS, Javascript.

-Selenium – An open source software testing framework for web applications.

-OpenSTA – A GUI based web server benchmarking utility to test the heavy load performance of HTTP/HTTPS.

-WinSCP – An open source FTP client for MS Windows for testing file uploading and downloading

-Web Developer toolbar for Firefox : To validate HTML, CSS and links from menu bar.

-YSlow for FireBug – Used for analyzing web page performance by testing the web page components.

How does a client/server environment affect software testing?

-The client/server applications are complex, as dependencies among clients are more.

-The testing needs are extensive as communications, hardware and servers are interdependent.

-Integration and system testing is emphasized during a limited time period.

-Load /stress/performance testing are utilized to determine client / server application limitations.

-Certain commercial testing tools are available to assist performance testing for client / server applications.

How does a client/server environment affect software testing?

-The client/server applications are complex, as dependencies among clients are more.

-The testing needs are extensive as communications, hardware and servers are interdependent.

-Integration and system testing is emphasized during a limited time period.

-Load /stress/performance testing are utilized to determine client / server application limitations.

-Certain commercial testing tools are available to assist performance testing for client / server applications.

What is the significance of Agile testing?

-Agile testing implements Agile SDLC methodologies.

-Treats software development as the customer of testing.

-It emphasizes a test-first design paradigm.

What is Quality Audit?

-An independent and systematic examination for determining the quality of activities.

-Quality Audit is related to the results which comply the planned arrangements.

-It allows to cross check the planned arrangements are properly implemented or not to achieve quality testing objectives.

What are the contents in test plans and test cases?

The test plan includes :

-Testing objectives.

-Testing scope.

-Testing time frame.

-The environment.

-Reason for testing.

-The criteria for entrance and exit.

-Risk factors.

-Deliverables.

What is a Test Case?

-Test case is a term used to test a specific element.

-It has information of test steps, verification steps, prerequisites, outputs, test environment.

-Inputs, expected outcomes, specific execution preconditions for an objective are developed to verify the compliance with the appropriate requirement.

-The testing methodology allows to eliminate unit level and regression bugs

What is Bottom Up Testing?

- A part of integration testing.

-The lowest level components are tested first, followed by testing higher level components.

-The process is repeated until the testing components at the top of the hierarchy are tested

What is Boundary testing?

-A type of testing which focuses on boundary or limit conditions of the software.

-Stress Tests are part of Boundary Testing.

What is Branch Testing?

All branches of the application program are tested at

least once.

Describe about test automation strategy?

-Preparation of Automation Test plan.

-Scenario identification.

-Recording the scenario.

-Script enhancement by inserting check points and looping constructs.

-Error Handler incorporation.

-Debugging the script and fixing the issue.

-Rerunning the script.

-Reporting the result.

What are the qualities of a good test engineer?

A good test engineer should have the following traits:

-Ability to take the ‘point of view’ of customer.

-Quality oriented and attention to detail.

-Diplomatic approach to establish relationship with developers, designers, customers and management.

-Deeper understanding of software development process.

-Judgment skills to access high-risk areas of an application during limited dead line.

What is the importance of QA documentation?

-Every QA practice should be documented.

-Designs, business rules, specifications, configurations, code changes, inspection reports etc. need to be documented.

-The progress of the software product can be measured by documenting QA.

-Change management documentation helps isolating development team resources for better productivity.

-The overall productivity of every software product can best be judged using QA documentation.

Suggest 5 common solutions to software development problems.

-Solid Requirements – The requirements of a software should be clear, complete, attainable and need to be agreed by all the players of them.

-Realistic Schedules – Adequate time for planning, designing, developing, testing, fixing the bugs and re-testing, documentation should be allowed.

-Adequate Testing: Start the testing immediately after one or more modules development. Re-test after making changes.

-Spend adequate time for testing, identifying and bug-fixing.

-Adhere to initial requirements. Prepare to defend against changes.

-Use rapid prototyping during design phase, so that the customers can find what to expect.

What is CRUD testing? How to test CRUD?

-Another name for Black Box testing.

-CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update, Delete.

-Data can be Created and added.

-Data can be Accessed or Read.

-Tester prepares CRUD matrix.

-Tests object creation, reading, update and deleting objects.

Describe Stress testing, Load testing and Volume testing.

-Stress Testing: Increasing the load and testing the performance at every level.

-Load Testing: Giving more load by expectation and testing the performance at a given level.

-Volume Testing: Ability to manage maximum data at a given period of time. It evaluates the ability of the system to handle overload in a timely manner.

What is known as Configuration Management?

-Process to control and document the changes in the lifetime of a software project.

-The prime aspects are revision control, change control and release control.

-Configuration Management verifies the intended performance as specified in the document in sufficient detail in a project life cycle.

-CM facilitates the management of system information in an ordered manner.

-CM emphasizes the prime functional relation between sub systems.

-CM effectively controls the system change.

How to find the automated testing tools work good with existing system?

-Download various trial versions of tools.

-Evaluate the performance of the tool.

-Refer to the forums to find postings of the concerned tool.

-Compare with the existing tools available in the system.

How to find the automated testing tools work good with existing system?

-Download various trial versions of tools.

-Evaluate the performance of the tool.

-Refer to the forums to find postings of the concerned tool.

-Compare with the existing tools available in the system.

What are the main attributes of test automation?

-Maintainability

-Reliability

-Efficiency

-Portability

-Robustness

-Flexibility

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