Prepared & Presented bySohail imran

Software Estimation Techniques

Software EstimationSize Estimation

Cost Estimation

Effort Estimation

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Size EstimationBased upon known system requirementsTwo methods for size estimation:

1.LOC2.Functional Points

By using some constants functional points are converted into LOC.

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Techniques for Size estimationDevelopers opinion

Experts estimation

-Guessing based on experience

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Prepared and presented by Shashank Jain

Techniques for Size estimation

Previous years’ experience

Using the Size Estimating Template: help to make estimates of how big a new software project will be or how long it will take to create the project (seize and time estimation)

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Prepared and presented by Shashank Jain

Techniques for Size estimationFunctional Point analysis: -Instead of counting the lines of code that

make up a system, count the number of externals (inputs, outputs, inquiries and interfaces) that make up the system.

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Prepared and presented by Shashank Jain

Functional Point analysis1. external inputs - data or control inputs

(input files, tables, forms, screens, messages, etc.) to the system.

2. external outputs - data or control outputs from the system

3. external inquiries - I/O queries which require a response (prompts, interrupts, calls, etc.)

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Prepared and presented by Shashank Jain

Functional Point analysis4. external interfaces - libraries or

programs which are passed into and out of the system (I/O routines, sorting procedures, math libraries, run-time libraries, etc.)

5. internal data files - groupings of data stored internally in the system (entities, internal control files, directories)

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Prepared and presented by Shashank Jain 9

Software cost componentsHardware and software costs.Travel and training costs.Effort costs (the dominant factor in most

projects)The salaries of engineers involved in the project;Social and insurance costs.

Effort costs must take overheads into accountCosts of building, heating, lighting.Costs of networking and communications.Costs of shared facilities (e.g library, staff

restaurant, etc.).

Prepared and presented by Shashank Jain 10

ObjectivesTo introduce the fundamentals of software

costing and pricingTo describe three metrics for software

productivity assessmentTo explain why different techniques should

be used for software estimation