SOD PowerPoint

SOD PowerPointJessica Perry

1QuestionWill heat be released during Acid / Base chemical reactions?

2HypothesisI hypothesize that some chemical reactions will produce heat and some will not.I think that reactions with stronger chemicals will produce heat.

3Computer Generated Ph Chart14Liquid drain cleaner, Custic SoapExamples of solutions and their respective pH 13bleaches, oven cleaner12Soapy water11Household ammonia10milk of magnesium9toothpaste8baking soda, seawater, eggs7"pure" water6milk5acid rain, black coffee4tomato juice3grapefruit & orange juice, soft drink2lemon juice, vinegar1hydrochloic acid secreted from the stomach lining0battery acid

4My PH Chart

5Materials and Procedure

6MaterialsAcids (200 ml each)Lemon juiceVinegarSoft drinkOrange juiceMilkBases (200 ml each)Baking sodaMilk of magnesiumAmmoniaBleachDrain cleaner

7Materials (cont.)BeakersDigital thermometerData sheetDistilled waterGraduated cylinderLitmus paper

8ProcedureProcedurePut 100ml distilled water and thermometer in a beakerStir to a constant temp.Record temp.Put 50ml acid and 50ml base in separate containers Make each chemical constant temperatureRecord temp.Add acid and base to beaker with distilled water at same timeRecord temp. every 2 seconds for 20 sec.Clean beakersRepeat with all acid / base combinations

9Data and Graphs

10Milk with each base

11Lemon Juice with each base

12Orange Juice with each base

13Vinegar with each base

14Soda with each base

15Data chartsThe data charts show the acid on top and the bases listed down the sideThe temperatures are listed in 2 second intervals horizontally across the chartThe reaction with the base on top and the acids on the side

16Milk data chartMilkMilk of magnesium171717171717171717bleach17.517.918.118.418.718.919.319.419.5Drain cleaner17.317.617.717.91818.218.418.818.5Ammonia16.416.416.416.416.416.416.416.416.4Baking soda14.714.314.214.114.013.813.713.613.6

17Orange juice data chartOrange JuiceAmmonia17.217.217.217.317.317.317.317.317.317.3Drain cleaner17.818.218.418.518.918.919.019.019.119.1Bleach17.317.718.118.418.518.718.718.818.918.9Milk of magnesium16.316.416.516.616.616.616.716.716.716.8

18Lemon juice data chartLemon JuiceBaking Soda17.817.117.016.916.716.616.616.7ammonia12.213.413.513.613.613.613.613.613.613.6Milk of magnesium20.821.221.321.72222.422.522.622.722.8Drain cleaner18.219.42020.220.220.320.420.620.721Bleach17.818.518.919.219.619.82020.32021.3

19Soda data ChartSoda - Cokebleach17.417.517.517.617.617.617.617.617.617.6Milk of magnesium17.417.517.517.517.617.617.617.617.617.6Drain cleaner17.517.617.517.717.717.817.817.817.817.9Ammonia16.916.917.017.017.017.017.017.017.017.0Baking soda13.714.015.813.415.813.413.313.113.113.6

20Milk data chartmilkMilk of magnesium1717

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Bleach17.517.918.118.418.718.919.319.419.419.5Drain cleaner17.317.617.717.917.9181818.418.818.5Ammonia16.416.416.416.416.416.416.416.416.416.4Baking soda14.714.314.214.11413.813.713.613.613.6

21Research

22Chemical reactionsChemical reactions and changes take place when molecules or elements interact with other elements to form new chemical compounds. In order of two molecules to react, the pair of electrons must collide. The collision needs to be exact on the angle of the collision and the it needs to have enough energy to break the chemical bond. Energy is released and a new and different bond is formed.The reaction rate is measured by the change in consecration of one of the starting materials over time. If some reaction condition is changed, the reaction rate will be changed.

23Acid / Base reactionsAcid / base chemical reactions are one of the six types of chemical reactions. When an acid and a base are mixed there is a neutralization reaction. Different properties make different chemicals and other liquids acids and bases. When acids are dissolved in water they can conduct electricity, they have a sour taste (lemons and limes are acids), they turn blue litmus paper red, and they neutralize bases. Bases, when dissolved in water have a bitter taste, a slippery feeling when applied to your skin, and can turn red litmus paper blue.The strength of acids / bases are measured on a pH scale. On the scale seven is a neutral chemical like water or blood. Any number below seven and above zero is an acid and numbers eight to fifteen are bases.

24Heat ReleasedThe amount of heat released can be measured in the change in the temperature of the surrounding objects. If the container is well insulated, the heat released during the reaction will raise or lower the temperature of the contents of the container. If your reaction took place in a calorimeter that wasnt completely insulated then some the heat would escape. To determine the amount of heat that escapes compare the temperature of change and the heat capacity of the container to the known heat flow.

25Pictures and video

26Lemon Juice and Baking Soda

This is how full it was before the baking soda

27Video

28ConclusionBased on my observations, acid / base reactions do produce heat. With different strength chemicals more or less heat is produced. With some chemicals the solutions gets colder. My hypothesis was correct in that there was heat produced in most acid base reactions.

29Bibliographies

30Nave, Carl. Acid Base Reactions. Georgia State University, 2009. Web. 22 November 2010.Science Dictionary. Chemistry Terms and Definitions Listed Alphabetically. Science Dictionary,2006. Web. 12 November 2010. Le Moyne College. Calorimetry of Acid Base Neutralization. Le Moyne College, Unknown. Web. 24 November 2010.

31Banks, Richard. Chemical Reactions. Boise State University, January 2001. Web. 28 November 2010. Woolf, Henry (editor in chief). Calorimeter. Websters New Colligate Dictionary.150th Anniversary Edition. 1981.Woolf, Henry (editor in chief). Enthalpy of neutralization. Websters New Colligate Dictionary.150th Anniversary Edition. 1981.

32Woolf, Henry (editor in chief). Enthalpy of neutralization. Websters New Colligate Dictionary.150th Anniversary Edition. 1981.Woolf, Henry (editor in chief). Exothermic. Websters New Colligate Dictionary.150th Anniversary Edition. 1981.Woolf, Henry (editor in chief). Endothermic. Websters New Colligate Dictionary.150th Anniversary Edition. 1981.

33THE END34