FOOTBALL

History and Rules

DONE BY

VISHNUSHANKAR.P

Soccer’s Beginnings

The origin of soccer can be found in every corner of geography and history.

The Chinese, Japanese, Italian, Ancient Greek, Persian, Viking, and many more played a ball game long before our era.

The Chinese played "football"  games date as far back as 3000 years ago.

The Ancient Greeks and the Roman used football  games to sharpen warriors for battle. In South and Central America a game called "Tlatchi" once flourished.

Ancient Civilizations and Soccer

Mesoamerican civilizations also devised a game played with rubber balls, which resembled a combination between soccer, basketball and volleyball.

The game involved two teams, playing in a sort of basin dug below ground level, with baskets strapped in several locations on the side walls.

The teams would then have to kick the ball towards these baskets, and score a goal.

Soccer in Europe

As we go forward on the history of soccer timeline, we notice that the game has gradually entered European territory, Europe being the place where modern day soccer will start in several centuries.

Middle age soccer is covered in a combination of myth and historical facts.

One popular form of the game (Mob soccer) involved entire villages or towns and was rather chaotic.

Soccer in Europe (cont.)

The teams could have unlimited players, as long as they were from the same village or town. Both teams had to kick the ball towards specific landmarks, and defend their own.

To add more chaos, the ball was made out of inflated pigs' bladders, or leather skins stuffed with all sorts of materials.

Picture two masses of people running towards a poor pig bladder ball, kicking, stomping, punching and pushing each other in the attempt to kick the object to some area.

Soccer in Europe (cont.) In medieval France, a game called "La

Choule" was usually played in town gatherings, such as just after Sunday church, or on special occasions or holidays.

The game itself looked like a combination of soccer, handball, hockey, baseball and kickboxing, since the players of each team had to strike the ball into the opponent's goal, using whatever means necessary and whatever accessories necessary.

For example, one record shows that players were allowed to use sticks or clubs to hit the ball around, although it wasn't always the ball that got hit.

History Continued

The game was violent in nature and I assume there were plenty occasions where the after-church Choule match ended up with another trip to the church to confess some violent sins.

In England, the game was surrounded by an aura of violence and was considered a dangerous and sinful game. As such, it was banned in 1314 by Nicholas de Farndone, the Mayor of London.

Soccer Grows Popular

Despite this ban, soccer became to grow in medieval England and it was not long that it was introduced in English public schools in order to keep young boys fit.

Since soccer was growing strong in English public schools, the idea of having an organized tournament sparked in the 19th century.

In 1862, a solicitor by the name of Cobb Morley, formed a semi-professional soccer club in Barnes, called the Barnes Club.

Cobb Morley is rightfully considered the father of soccer, but that's not just because he was the one to spark the idea of the Soccer Association.

He also drew up the Laws of the Game, probably the most important document in the history of soccer, since it held all the official rules around which the game would be played.

Soccer It is a team sport played between two

teams of eleven players each. Players use a spherical ball which is a

round, leather covered, inflated rubber bladder 27-28 inches in circumference and 397-454 grams in weight.

The game is played within a clearly defined area on a rectangular grass or artificial turf with a goal in the centre of each of the short ends.

•The object of the game is to score by driving the ball into the opponents goal.

The Rules of Soccer

There are 11 players for each team.All players wear shin guards to in order to protect their shins.

The goalkeeper isthe only player who can get the ball with his hands.

Soccer Rules

A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, between the goalposts and under the crossbar, provided that no faults has been committed previously by the team scoring the goal.

The team scoring the greater number of goals during the match is the winner.

If both team are tied at the end of regulation, the match will be recorded as a tie during regular the regular season.

The Soccer Field

Penalty kick

Penalty Kick is when a player commits any foul within his own Penalty box.

Corner kick

Corner kick is when the ball goes out of bounds over the end line and was last touched by the defending team.

Cards

Yellow card: indicates caution.

A player who receives 2 Yellow Cards is given a Red Card.

Red card: the player must leave the field and he can’t play the next game.

Slide Tackle

When a defender slides on the ground and kick the ball away from the player.

The Players A. goalkeeper

B. left fullback

C. right fullback

D. center back

E. left back

F. right back

G. left midfield

H. right midfield

I. left forward

J. center forward

K. right forward

Spanish Words for Playing Soccer

Fuera de lugar – offsides

tiro de esquina - corner kick

tiro libre - free kick falta - foul penal - penalty lateral - throw in saque del arco - goal

kick delantero - forward

portero - goalkeeper se fue - the ball went out mano - handball (literally

means "hand") empujon - push pelota - ball mediocampista - midfielder defensor - defender cruze - cross cabezazo - header

Toque - pass it back Hay que bajar or baja - guys we need to get downfield and

defend more or specifically you need to go help out downfield.

Dos - when two teamates are running towards a loose ball and one needs to ease off so as to avoid a mishaps.

Centro - cross it in Solo - no pressure is on you so go ahead and shoot it or

dribble it upfield ¡Te llegan! - man on! Calmado - don't rush your passing or dribbling Tiro- shoot it Marca - defend your nearest or assigned oppenent Entrale - tackle your opponent now or apply pressure Pásame la pelota – pass me the ball