sleep phenomenon ….things that happen in the night!
TRANSCRIPT
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Sleep Phenomenon
….things that happen in the night!
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Sleep Phenomena, sometimes called parasomnia, can occur regularly for some people. They are usually of no real concern unless they become a precursor to a sleep disorder.
The following table indicates the frequency of some parasomnia.
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Can you work out what each of them is?
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S = Snoring, ST = Sleep Talking, SW = Sleep Walking, B = ?
B = Bruxism which means ‘teeth grinding’
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The sleep phenomena we need to have an understanding of are:
• Nightmares
• Night terrors
• Sleep walking or somnambulism
• Sleep talking or somniloquism
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Terrifying dreams are part of human nature: there are very few persons who have never had a nightmare sometime in life. As the picture above shows, the ancient Greeks even thought that during a nightmare one is dominated by an "incubus" (a small demon) who sits on the dreamer's chest, leading to a sense of suffocation, breath difficulties, a racing and heavy heart.
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About nightmares ….- unpleasant dreams with frightening, upsetting content- can be recalled on awakening- occur in REM sleep- often dreamer is in a situation of helplessness from which there is no escape- one suggestion being that in REM sleep the body is basically stationary (REM paralysis)- many people will wake from nightmares and have vivid memories of them- nightmares are more common for children than adults, and for females than males- may be related to personal traumas
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About night terrors….- sudden awakening from sleep in a distressed state- little or no recall from the dream- usually occur in Stage 3 or 4 NREM, early in the night rather than later- on awakening person may be screaming, sweating, looking terrified, breathing rapidly- often children who awake in such a state are difficult to comfort because they can’t recall why they are in such a state, are confused about their surroundings, and may actually perceive the person who is trying to comfort them as the cause of the discomfort.
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Has this situation arisen because of a nightmare or a night terror?
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About sleepwalking….
- or somnambulism, involves walking around and even performing simple tasks while asleep- most common in children- may occur in adults particularly at times of high stress- generally last 5 - 15 minutes, but can go up to 30- usually occurs in NREM Stage 4- deep sleep so often there is little coordination, can bump into things, and incoherent language- generally will not be remembered the next day- it is not dangerous to wake a sleep walking although it may be difficult to do so as they are in deep sleep, also they may experience some disorientation waking and finding they are not in bed
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Will it stop sleepwalking?
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About sleep talking….
- or somniloquism, involves verbalisation while asleep- most often in NREM but may occur in REM- usually the sleep talker cannot engage in a coherent conversation as they are preoccupied with their own thoughts and usually in deep sleep- quite a common occurrence
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Non-coherent sleep talking.
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Coherent???
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