slac computer security annual safety and security briefing 2006

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SLAC Computer SLAC Computer Security Security Annual Safety and Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006 Briefing 2006

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Page 1: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

SLAC Computer SecuritySLAC Computer SecurityAnnual Safety and Security Briefing Annual Safety and Security Briefing

20062006

Page 2: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

PresentersPresenters

Teresa DowneyTeresa Downey Spear Phishing & Web Security MarkersSpear Phishing & Web Security Markers

Heather Larrieu Heather Larrieu Everything Else…Everything Else…

Page 3: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Spear PhishingSpear Phishing

No dangerous pointy objects involved…No dangerous pointy objects involved…

but they ARE hunting YOU!but they ARE hunting YOU!

Page 4: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Spear Phishing – Step by StepSpear Phishing – Step by Step

1.1. A targeted company is A targeted company is researched by researched by scammerscammer

2.2. Emails and websites Emails and websites forged – easy to do!!forged – easy to do!!

3.3. HTML emails sentHTML emails sent

4.4. They need you to click They need you to click on the fake URLon the fake URL

5.5. There goes your $$$There goes your $$$You cannot see true URL in HTML email

Page 5: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Plain Text Can Prevent Scam Plain Text Can Prevent Scam

Scammers don’t want Scammers don’t want us to use plain textus to use plain text

True URL is normally displayed in plain text email

Page 6: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Spear Phishing – Last StepSpear Phishing – Last Step

Security markers are missing…

where is https ?

where is lock in border?

Just a useless picture of a lock to trick you

Faking web sites is very easy!

Not a SLAC website!

Page 7: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Secure Website MarkersSecure Website MarkersInternet Explorer Firefox

Page 8: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

What’s Behind That Lock?What’s Behind That Lock?

Scammer can just create or buy a Scammer can just create or buy a certificatecertificate

Look at URL closely, these are invalid: Look at URL closely, these are invalid: http://www.slac.standford.edu http://www.slac.standford.edu http://0x47763ae7/www.slac.stanford.eduhttp://0x47763ae7/www.slac.stanford.edu

Might get error:Might get error:

Page 9: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Avoiding Phishing ScamsAvoiding Phishing Scams

1.1. Read ALL e-mail in plain textRead ALL e-mail in plain text Convert to HTML with one click if you trust the e-Convert to HTML with one click if you trust the e-

mailmail

2.2. Look for valid URL in e-mail and browserLook for valid URL in e-mail and browser Does it match where you intended to be?Does it match where you intended to be?

3.3. Look for security markers in browser windowLook for security markers in browser window

4.4. Stop if you get any Security AlertsStop if you get any Security Alerts

5.5. Do they REALLY need this information??Do they REALLY need this information??

Page 10: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Regarding SLAC Websites…Regarding SLAC Websites…

SLAC HR wouldn’t ask for bank info via a SLAC HR wouldn’t ask for bank info via a web pageweb page

If you are suspicious of web site then call If you are suspicious of web site then call the SLAC Department directlythe SLAC Department directly

Page 11: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Everything else…Everything else…

Well, okay at least… Well, okay at least…

scammer’s motivationsscammer’s motivations

PIIPII

wirelesswireless

perils of ordering pizzaperils of ordering pizza

Page 12: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Making Money - Method 1Making Money - Method 1

Adware and Spyware

Tracking cookies

Spam usually touting counterfeit goods

Sell Something

Page 13: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

AdblockAdblock

Firefox: Tools -> Adblock -> Preferences Firefox: Tools -> Adblock -> Preferences IE: Nothing built-in. “Adblock” for IE is actually adware so don’t go IE: Nothing built-in. “Adblock” for IE is actually adware so don’t go

get it. get it.

Page 14: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Browser ConfigurationBrowser Configuration

IE: Tools -> Internet Options IE: Tools -> Internet Options Firefox: Tools -> OptionsFirefox: Tools -> Options

Page 15: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Javascript for ProfilingJavascript for Profiling

Page 16: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Making Money - Method 2Making Money - Method 2

Scams, Fraud, Identity TheftScams, Fraud, Identity Theft

Nigerian 419 scams

Click-through fraud

Steal some Personally Identifiable Information

Page 17: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Personally Identifiable InformationPersonally Identifiable Information

What people are doing with What people are doing with stolen PII ?stolen PII ?

Credit card, Bank, Loan fraudCredit card, Bank, Loan fraud

Phone or Utilities fraudPhone or Utilities fraud

Applying for Government Applying for Government documents or benefitsdocuments or benefits

Magazine subscription (~0.2 % Magazine subscription (~0.2 % each year!)each year!)

Scope of the problem – FTC data Scope of the problem – FTC data (2003-2005)(2003-2005)

10 million10 million victims of identity victims of identity theft in U.S. theft in U.S.

Victims spend an average of Victims spend an average of $1,500$1,500 and and 175 hours175 hours to to recover recover

     Not including losses by Not including losses by

vendors, merchants, or vendors, merchants, or financial institutionsfinancial institutions

PII is essentially data that can be used to facilitate identity theft  

Page 18: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Making Money - Method 3Making Money - Method 3

Be the “Middleman”

Page 19: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

BotnetsBotnets1. Herder deploys malware

2. Infected PCs log into an IRC server or other communications medium, forming a network with a central C&C structure

3. Spammer purchases access to botnet

4. Spammer sends instructions to the botnet

5. The infected PCs send the spam messages

from Wikipedia on Botnets

Page 20: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006
Page 21: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006
Page 22: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

POST http://www.XXXXXXXXXXXX.com:80/Software/ShoppingCart/CheckOut.asp?CatID=01&CatName=XXXXXXXX%20XXXXXX%20XX%20XXX%20XXXX&VisitorID=1 HTTP/1.1Host: www.XXXXXXXXXXXXcomUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.0.6) Gecko/20060728 Firefox/1.5.0.6Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflateAccept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7Keep-Alive: 300Proxy-Connection: keep-aliveReferer: http://www.XXXXXXXXXXX.com/Software/ShoppingCart/CheckOut.asp?CatID=01&CatName=XXXXXXXX%20XXXXXX%20XX%20XXX%20XXXX&VisitorID=1Cookie: ASPSESSIONIDSCQDDCRC=IIBBDKKBCAOBKBIGABPBHNAI; ASPSESSIONIDCSDTABCC=KCGNNPKBABOIEJKIPBHEJHAH; ASPSESSIONIDSCTDADRC=OAOJABLBFFJKLGIDHPLLMDGMContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencodedContent-length: 268LName=AAAAAAA&FName=AAAAAAA&TelePhone=888888888&ModeOfPayment=2&Rem=IS+THIS+SECURE%3F+&CreditCardType=3&CreditCardNo=123456781234567&ExpiryMonth=6&ExpiryYear=2009&VisitorID=1&CatID=01&CatName=XXXXXXX+XXXXX+XX+XXX+XXXX&hLName=&hFName=&hTelephone=&hCreditCardNo=&hRem=

Page 23: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

WirelessWireless

Page 24: SLAC Computer Security Annual Safety and Security Briefing 2006

Final ThoughtsFinal Thoughts

Report all suspicious activityReport all suspicious activity Send email to: Send email to: [email protected]@slac.stanford.edu Urgent: call HelpDesk at x4357 Urgent: call HelpDesk at x4357

See Teresa, Heather, Bob Cowles, Gary See Teresa, Heather, Bob Cowles, Gary Buhrmaster, John Halperin and Steffen Buhrmaster, John Halperin and Steffen Luitz at Computer Security table in Luitz at Computer Security table in breezeway for your questionsbreezeway for your questions