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Skin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care

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Page 1: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Skin Theory•Skin Theory

•Skin Disorders

•Skin Care

Page 2: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Dermatology

The study of skin, its structures, function, diseases and treatment.

Page 3: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Seven Functions of Skin

1. Protection

2. Regulation (hot, cold)

3. Absorption

4. Hydration

5. Excretion (toxins)

6. Respiration

7. Sensation (touch)

Page 4: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Epidermis• Outermost layer of the skin.– Also referred to as cuticle or scarf skin

Page 5: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Dermis• The underlying, or inner, layer of the skin.

– Also called derma, corium, cutis or true skin

Page 6: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,
Page 7: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Dermis (True Skin)• Connective tissue: contains collagen and

elastin fibers; supports epidermis.

Page 8: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Sudoriferous Glands• Sweat Glands

• Three Functions

– Regulate body

temperature

– Excrete waste

– Maintain acid pH

Sudoriferous gland

Page 9: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Sebaceous Glands• Oil Glands

• Sac-like glands attached tohair follicle that produce sebum.

Sebaceous Gland

Page 10: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Sebum

• Secretion

of high

fatty, oily

substances

Page 11: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Acid Mantle• Keeps skin

smooth: prevents dirt and grimefrom entering.

Page 12: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Subcutaneous Tissue(Fatty Layer)

• Gives contour to body

• Acts as a shock absorber to protect bones

• Holds collagen and elastin fibers.

Subcutaneous Tissue

Page 13: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Stratum Corneum

Stratum Lucidum

Stratum Granulosum

Stratum Spinosum

Stratum Basal

Page 14: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Skin Pigmentation

• Melanin

– Protection from ultraviolet

rays of the sun

– Tans the skin

Page 15: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Dry Skin• Peeling and flaking

• Chaps easily

• Taut feeling

• Has fewer blemishes

• Not prone to acne

• Two Types

– Oily dry and Moisture

dry

Page 16: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Oily Skin

• Overall shiny look

• Rough texture withblackheads and enlarged pores

• Prone to acne

• Keep in acid balancedcondition

Page 17: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Combination Skin

• Most common skin type

• Recognized by shiny “T-zone”

– Oily forehead, nose and chin

• Dryness in cheek, jaw line and hairline areas

Page 18: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Normal Skin• Very rare

• Quite beautiful

• Easily recognizable

– Fresh and healthy color

• Moist and smooth texture

• No blackheads or blemishes

• Does not appear oily

Page 19: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Facial Massage Techniques

Page 20: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Effleurage

• Movement –

Stroking

• Effect -Soothing

Page 21: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Petrissage

• Movement –

Kneading

• Effect –Stimulates

Nerves

Page 22: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Tapotement

• Movement –

Tapping

• Effect –Increases

blood flow

Page 23: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Friction

• Movement –

Circular without gliding.

• Effect -

Stimulating

Page 24: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Vibration

• Movement –

Shaking

• Effect – Very stimulating

Page 25: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Only a dermatologist or medical doctor should diagnose and treat skin diseases and disorders.

Page 26: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

• Objective Symptoms

– Those you see

• Subjective Symptoms

– Those you can feel

Page 27: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Signs of Infection1. Pain

2. Swelling

3. Local Fever

4. Throbbing

5. Redness

6. Discharge

Page 28: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

WHAT WE JUST READ HEAD TO

HEAD CHALLENGE

Page 29: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Primary Skin Lesions

Abnormal changes in

the structure of a

tissue.

Page 30: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Macules

• Characteristics: Discoloration on skin’s surface, flat, rounded or oval, fades into surrounding areas

• Treatment: No treatment Proceed with regular skin care services

• Example: Freckle

Page 31: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Papules• Characteristics: Raised, red elevations,

no fluid is present.

• Treatment: Might include acne skin care service.

• Example: Pimple

Page 32: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Vesicles

• Characteristics: Fluid filled elevation

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: Fever blister

Page 33: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Bulla

• Characteristics: Blister from burn

• Treatment: No servicesperformed if severe

• Example: Some burns

Page 34: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Pustules

• Characteristics: Small elevations, contain pus

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: Large pimples

Page 35: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Wheals• Characteristics: Solid

formation above skin, caused by insect bite or allergic reaction

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: Hives

Page 36: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Tumors

• Characteristics: Solid mass in the skin

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: Nodule

Page 37: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Secondary Skin Lesions

Appear as disease progresses to later stages of growth.

Page 38: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Scales

• Characteristics: Shedding, dead cells

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: Psoriasis

Page 39: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Crusts

• Characteristics: Dried masses, oozing sore

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: Scab

Page 40: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Excoriations• Characteristics:

Mechanical abrasion, appear dark red

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: scratches

Page 41: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Fissures

• Characteristics: Cracks in skin

• Treatment: No servicesperformed

• Example: chapped lips

Page 42: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Scars• Characteristics:

Formation resulting from lesion

• Treatment: Can be sensitive, treat with care

• Example: Keloids

Page 43: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Hypertrophies

Overgrowth of excess skin.

Page 44: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Callus

• Characteristics: Thickening of skin, occurs from pressure or friction

• Treatment: Soak skin, apply exfoliant

Page 45: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Verruca

• Characteristics: Warts: caused by virus, can be contagious

• Treatment: No services performed

• Example: Warts

Page 46: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Skin Tags

• Characteristics: Small, elevated growth of skin

• Treatment: Can be removed by physician

Page 47: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Pigmentation Abnormalities

Melanoderma – Too much

pigmentation

Page 48: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Cholasma• Characteristics: Brownish,

non-elevated spots

• Treatment: Proceed with service

• Example: Liver spots

Page 49: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Moles

• Characteristics: Small, brown spots; can be raised

• Treatment: Keep eye on appearance, change seek medical advice.

• Example: Mole

Page 50: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Changes to look out for!!

Page 51: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Naevus

• Characteristics: Birthmark, congenital mole, looks like a stain

• Treatment: Proceed with service

• Example: Birthmark, mole

Page 52: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Leukoderma

• Characteristics: Lack of Pigmentation

• Treatment: Proceed with service

Page 53: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Albinism

• Characteristics: Pink skin, white hair, no melaninproduced

• Treatment: Protect skin from sunlight or UV lamps

Page 54: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Vitiligo

• Characteristics: Patches of white skin

• Treatment: Protect skin from sunlight or UV lamps

Page 55: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Michael Jackson had Vitiligo

Page 56: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Disorders of the Sebaceous Glands

(Oil Glands)

Page 57: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Comedones

• Characteristics: Blackheads, masses of sebum trapped in hair follicle.

• Treatment: Remove with proper extraction procedures.

Page 58: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Milia

• Characterisics: Whiteheads, hardened sebum beneath surface.

• Treatment: No servicemay be performed: seek medical advice.

Page 59: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Acne• Characterisics:

Chronic, inflammatory: two stages: simplex or vulgaris.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice.

Page 60: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Rosacea• Characteristics:

Congestion of the cheeks and nose, redness, inflammatory

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 61: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Rosasea Untreated

Page 62: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Asteatosis

• Characteristics: Dry, scaly skin: reduced sebum.

• Treatment: No servicemay be performed: seek medical advice

Page 63: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Seborrhea(also called cradle cap)

• Characteristics: Excessive secretion of sebaceous glands

• Treatment: No servicemay be performed: seek medical advice

Page 64: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Steatoma

• Characteristics: Cyst, or wen: subcutaneous tumor; filled with sebum.

• Treatment: No servicemay be performed: seek medical advice

Page 65: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Furnucles• Characteristics:

Boils: acute staphylococcal infection: appear in dermis.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 66: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Carbuncles• Characteristics:

Above and below skin, infection of several adjoining hair follicles.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 67: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Disorders of the Sudoriferous Glands

(Sweat Glands)

Page 68: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Bromidrosis

• Characteristics: Foul - smelling perspiration

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 69: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Anhidrosis

• Characteristics: Lack of perspiration: Caused by fever or disease.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 70: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Hyperhidrosis• Characteristics: Over-

production of perspiration: caused by excessive heat or general body weakness.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 71: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Milia Rubra(heat rash)

• Characteristics: Small, red vesicles erupt: burning itching of skin; caused by excessive heat.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 72: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Other

Inflammatory

Disorders

Page 73: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Dermatitis

• Characteristics: Inflammatory disorder of skin.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 74: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,

Eczema

• Characteristics: Inflammatory disorder of skin.

• Treatment: No service may be performed: seek medical advice

Page 75: •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care - Humble · PDF fileSkin Theory •Skin Theory •Skin Disorders •Skin Care. Dermatology The study of skin, its structures, function,