Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Kazakhstan

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Paris – February 3-4, 2014

GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE SYR GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE SYR DARYA TRANSBOUNDARY BASINDARYA TRANSBOUNDARY BASIN

REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

NATIONAL BASIC SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS OF Groundwater IN THE BASIN OF THE SYR DARYA RIVER.

Rules and Regulations for Groundwater Management in Kazakhstan

• Water code of RK (2003)• Environmental code (2007)• The law of RK “On subsurface resources and subsurface use

(management)” (2010) • The Resolution of the government of RK # 1373 of 20 December

2010 “On approval of the Rules for State Monitoring of Subsurface Resources”. The Rules defines that the state monitoring of subsurface resources includes “monitoring of Groundwater” as a subsystem.

• The Resolution of the government of RK # 85 of 26 January 2004 “On approval of the Rules for state monitoring of water units, state recording of waters and their use”.

• The Resolution of the government of RK # 85 of 31 December 2003 “On approval of the Rules for the state water cadastre maintenance”.

Rules and Regulations for the Groundwater Management in Kazakhstan

• The agreement between the governments of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan on the use of water and energy resources in the basin of the Syr Darya river, signed on 17 March 1998, with additions and amendments.

• The Transboundary water cooperation between the new independent countries, 2003

• Guidelines on monitoring and assessment of Transboundary Groundwater/ the UNECE Task force on monitoring and assessment, 2000

• Draft of standard regulations on Transboundary Groundwater, UNECE, 2012

The rules and Regulations for the Groundwater Management in Kazakhstan

The authorised agency on the use and protection of the water fund (the water code) implements cooperation with bordering countries on regulation of water relations. The effective use and protection of Transboundary waters in the procedure established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.The special chapter with relevant articles in the water code regulates the use and protection of Transboundary waters: •Major aspects of international cooperation in the use and protection of Transboundary waters•Principles of international cooperation in the use and protection of Transboundary waters• The mechanism of interstate cooperation in the use and protection of Transboundary waters•The economic framework for international cooperation in the use and protection of Transboundary waters•Regulation of disputes relating to the use and protection of Transboundary waters

Certain Functions of State Bodies Involved in the Water Resource Management.

Under the Decree of the President of RK # 677 of 29 October, 2013 the Ministry of Environment Protection of RK was transformed into the Ministry of Environment and Water Resources of RK with handover to this Ministry of functions and authorities on developing and implementing the state policy in the effective and integrated use of Groundwater, excluding the geologic study of subsurface resources with regard to Groundwater, from the Ministry of Industry and New Technologies of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Certain functions of state bodies involved in the water resource management.

Groundwater, as a component of the subsurface resources, shall be the state property. •Groundwater extraction shall be carried out based on the following:•The special water use permissions for the groundwater extraction from 50 to 2000м 3 per day, which are issued by the Water Resource Committee of the Ministry of Environment and Water Resource. •The contract for Groundwater extraction of more than 2000 thousand м 3 per day for drinking and household water supply of population, signed with the Ministry of Industry and New Technologies.Water uses shall be individuals and legal entities (state enterprises, joint stock companies, limited liability partnerships etc).

Subsurface water Large rivers in the country are Irtysh, Ili, Syr Darya and others. They are Transboundary and are regulated by neighbouring countries.

They are extremely uneven divided and contaminated that caused a critical shortage of drinking and technical waters in some regions and industries.

Groundwater, as the most protected ones from contamination, are well spread and play a very special role in the national water supply.

The total length of the Syr Darya river is 3050 km (within the country – 2290 km). It is the main water way of the Aral sea on the territory of Kazakhstan.

Groundwater About 1500 deposits (sites) of Groundwater were explored in the country. The proven reserves of Groundwater amounted to 42,2 mln м 3/ day, including:• Drinking and household water (DHW) – 13,7 mln м3/day • Industrial and technical water supply (ITW) – 2,1 mln. м3/day• Land irrigation - 18,0 mln. м3/day • Drinking and household, industrial and technical water supply (DHW, ITW)– 2,1 mln. м3/day • Drinking and household water supply and land irrigation – 1,1 mln. м3/day• Integrated water use (DHW, ITW)– 4,3 mln. м3/day

The share of Groundwater in the total balance of water consumption is 56%, and in rural areas the share of Groundwater is up to 68% The share of proven reserves of Groundwater in the overall country water consumption does not exceed 5%.

Groundwater Given that subsurface waters in Syr Darya are contamineted, Groundwater remain the only and the reliable source of drinking water supply of population.

In the region Groundwater mainly are located in chalky water bearing sets, and less – in quaternary alluvial water carrying horizons of the valley of Syr Darya.

The Groundwater in quaternary alluvial deposits are closely connected with subsurface waters of Syr Darya, which waters have been undergone significant man-made impact during recent years and their quality was deteriorated.

Groundwater In terms of geo-structure the basin of Syr Darya is located in the Syr Darya complicated artesian basin.

The depth of the basement in bends reaches more than 1500 m, and in the areas of uplifts and dikes - up to 600 m.

The hydrogeological specific feature of the territory is availability of two hydrogeological tiers, separated by a thick layer of eocene-oligocened clays with more than the 100 m capacity.

The upper tier combines aquifers of quaternary and Neogene sediments.

The lower hydrogeological tier confines to multilayer, floor located water strikes of the upper and lower chalk stones.

Geological and hydrogeological conditions of the basin caused the formation, within its limits, of a large number of fresh and slightly saltish waters.

GroundwaterThe state monitoring of Groundwater is being implemented.

The state monitoring of Groundwater is a system of regular observations, assessment of Groundwater conditions and forecasting of its changes under impact of natural and anthropogenic factors.

The primary purpose of the state monitoring system of Groundwater is information support to the effective use of the state subsoil fund with respect to Groundwater to ensure reliable protection against groundwater depletion, pollution, as well as manage subsurface resources use and protect Groundwater.

Generally, the target of the state monitoring of Groundwater is the subsurface area, identified in a certain way within which the situational analysis of Groundwater is conducted and possible changes in their conditions are projected.

Availability of Groundwater in SyrDarya River Basin.

172 explored deposits and operational Groundwater reserves are 3,5 mln.m3/day including:– household and drinking water - 2.4 mln.m3/day;– industrial and technical water and drinking water 0.3 mln.m3/day;– irrigation water - 0,6 mln.m3/day ;– household and drinking water and irrigation water - 0.1 million

m3/day

Total operated 132 deposits.– In Kyzylorda oblast total water groundwater use - 0.09 mln.m3/day, or

about 6.9% of the total amount of the reserves.– In South Kazakhstan oblast total water groundwater use - 0.26

mln.m3/day, or 12.9 % of total amount of the reserves.

Mineral waters

Kyzylorda oblastThree deposits, sites and water collections of ground mineral waters with 1,78 thousand м3/day reserves were explored. Two water deposits are being used.

The Southern Kazakhstan oblast Five deposits, sites and water collections of ground mineral waters with proven reserves of 3,24 thousand м3/day were explored. Five deposits are being used.

Geo-thermal Groundwater

In the Cretaceous sandstones at a depth of up to 3 km several aquifer of thermal waters with temperatures ranging from 20 to 83 0C were discovered. Outflow of wells at self-discharge ranges from 5 - 10 to 25 l/d. Mineralization ranges from 1 to 3 g/l.

Thermal waters were explored in 2 deposits (Shaulder and Arys).

Maximum use of the groundwater capacity for drinking water supply.

The program "Ak Bulak" for 2011 – 2020 was approved by the resolution of the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan # 570 of 24 May, 2011.

Within the Program in order to maximize the capacity of Groundwater research exploration works are intensified to supply settlements with groundwater reserves. Revaluation of reserves of under Groundwater deposits was funded from the state budget.

Under the Ak Bulak Programme:

Kyzylorda oblast. Reserves of 2 deposits are being revaluated; research and exploration works to supply 42 villages with Groundwater have been started. Similar activities will be started for 29 villages.

The Southern Kazakhstan oblast Reserves of 5 deposits are being revaluated; research and exploration works to supply 57 villages with groundwater reserves have been started. Similar activities will be started for 150 villages.

Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Kazakhstan

PROJECT PREPARATION PHASEPROJECT PREPARATION PHASEINCEPTION MEETINGINCEPTION MEETING

Paris – February 3-4, 2014

GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE SYR DARYA TRANSBOUNDARY BASINGROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT IN THE SYR DARYA TRANSBOUNDARY BASIN

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