Sin and ForgivenessSin and Forgiveness

CH.6 of TextCH.6 of Text

Seven Capital SinsSeven Capital Sins

PridePride GreedGreed EnvyEnvy AngerAnger LustLust GluttonyGluttony SlothSloth

PridePride

An unlimited appreciation for one’s An unlimited appreciation for one’s worth; arrogance, excessively high worth; arrogance, excessively high opinion of oneselfopinion of oneself

““I’m da man!!”I’m da man!!”

GreedGreed

Immoderate desire for earthly goods; Immoderate desire for earthly goods; love of money or possessions rather love of money or possessions rather than loving Godthan loving God

EnvyEnvy

Sorrow over another’s good fortune; Sorrow over another’s good fortune; covetousness; jealousy over covetousness; jealousy over another’s possessions or another’s possessions or characteristicscharacteristics

Happy that someone else gets Happy that someone else gets injured or sad when they do wellinjured or sad when they do well

Ex. Watching footballEx. Watching football

Anger (Wrath)Anger (Wrath)

Intemperate desire for revenge; Intemperate desire for revenge; hostile and wrathful feelings toward hostile and wrathful feelings toward othersothers

““I’m gonna knock you out…”I’m gonna knock you out…”

LustLust

Inordinate, unrestrained craving for Inordinate, unrestrained craving for pleasure, esp. sexual pleasurepleasure, esp. sexual pleasure

Get some…Get some…

GluttonyGluttony

Unrestrained, immoderate Unrestrained, immoderate consumption of food or drinkconsumption of food or drink

Getting hammered…Getting hammered… Whose in control? You or the alcohol?Whose in control? You or the alcohol?

SlothSloth

Laziness in keeping the faith or Laziness in keeping the faith or practicing right living; neglecting to practicing right living; neglecting to do one’s duties because of laziness.do one’s duties because of laziness.

““As a door turns on its hinges, so to As a door turns on its hinges, so to does the lazy man turn on his bed.” does the lazy man turn on his bed.” (Proverbs)(Proverbs)

Examples of SinExamples of Sin

GossipingGossiping Hate and prejudice towards any groupHate and prejudice towards any group Drunk or drugged persons who make poor Drunk or drugged persons who make poor

choices (driving, rape, etc.)choices (driving, rape, etc.) AbortionAbortion Greed of Multinational CompaniesGreed of Multinational Companies

Ex. Pharmaceutical companies exploiting poor Ex. Pharmaceutical companies exploiting poor countries as seen in “Constant Gardener”countries as seen in “Constant Gardener”

Environmental degradationEnvironmental degradation Prejudice: race, religion, ethnicity, etc.Prejudice: race, religion, ethnicity, etc.

Old TestamentOld Testament

Three words describing sin:Three words describing sin: HattahHattah PeshaPesha AvonAvon

HattahHattah

Means “missing the Means “missing the mark” in Greekmark” in Greek

Related to the sport Related to the sport of archeryof archery

Doing God’s will in Doing God’s will in our life is our targetour life is our target

Deliberately Deliberately choosing to be less choosing to be less than we can bethan we can be

Ex. Push-ups at NBCEx. Push-ups at NBC

PeshaPesha

Means “rebellion” or “transgression”Means “rebellion” or “transgression” Deliberately violating God’s lawDeliberately violating God’s law Jesus taught that rebellion is rooted deep in Jesus taught that rebellion is rooted deep in

the human heartthe human heart Examples of rebellion:Examples of rebellion: Apathy, lack of interest in anything (i.e. the Apathy, lack of interest in anything (i.e. the

poor are not my problem).poor are not my problem). Refusal to take correction based on the Refusal to take correction based on the

attitude that “no one can tell me what to attitude that “no one can tell me what to do.”do.”

Hostility toward people who are different Hostility toward people who are different

AvonAvon

Means “guilt” or “iniquity”Means “guilt” or “iniquity” Refers to the consequences of sinRefers to the consequences of sin

Effects of SinEffects of Sin

Alienates us from GodAlienates us from God Alienates us from ourselvesAlienates us from ourselves Alienates us from othersAlienates us from others

Alienates us from GodAlienates us from God

Sin deprives us of the glory of GodSin deprives us of the glory of God Romans 3:23 “For all men have sinned and Romans 3:23 “For all men have sinned and

fallen short of the glory of Godfallen short of the glory of God If a serious or mortal sin, it results in the loss If a serious or mortal sin, it results in the loss

of sanctifying grace and leads to both of sanctifying grace and leads to both spiritual and physical deathspiritual and physical death

Romans 6:23 “For the wages of sin is death”Romans 6:23 “For the wages of sin is death” Originally God did not intend for us to die, but Originally God did not intend for us to die, but

this came as a consequence or wage of sinthis came as a consequence or wage of sin

Alienates us from OurselvesAlienates us from Ourselves

Sin crushes the lives of sinners, hardens our Sin crushes the lives of sinners, hardens our hearts, weakens our intellects, and enslaves hearts, weakens our intellects, and enslaves our wills.our wills.

By sinning we get into the habit of sinBy sinning we get into the habit of sin An evil desire once conceived gives birth to sin An evil desire once conceived gives birth to sin

and leads to death (James 1:15)and leads to death (James 1:15) Temptation is not sinning, but when Temptation is not sinning, but when

entertained it becomes sin (ex. Bird flying over entertained it becomes sin (ex. Bird flying over your head) your head)

Small sins if unchecked can lead to greater sinSmall sins if unchecked can lead to greater sin

Alienates us from OthersAlienates us from Others

““I can do whatever I want as long as I can do whatever I want as long as it doesn’t hurt anybody.”it doesn’t hurt anybody.”

Sin is relational and will always hurt Sin is relational and will always hurt and affect others.and affect others.

This is related to “original sin”This is related to “original sin”

Different Kinds of SinDifferent Kinds of Sin

Original Sin vs. Personal SinOriginal Sin vs. Personal Sin Mortal SinMortal Sin Venial SinVenial Sin Social SinSocial Sin

The Forgiveness of SinsThe Forgiveness of SinsReflect Mark 2Reflect Mark 2

Forgiveness was an essential part of Forgiveness was an essential part of Jesus’s ministry.Jesus’s ministry.

Jesus instructed his disciples to continue to Jesus instructed his disciples to continue to forgive sins in his name: “Receive the holy forgive sins in his name: “Receive the holy Spirit. Whose sins you forgive are forgiven Spirit. Whose sins you forgive are forgiven them, and whose sins you retain are them, and whose sins you retain are retained” (Jn 20:22-23)retained” (Jn 20:22-23)

Baptism is the primary sacrament of Baptism is the primary sacrament of forgiveness because it wipes away sin and forgiveness because it wipes away sin and unites us to Christ.unites us to Christ.

Through Baptism we receive forgiveness Through Baptism we receive forgiveness of both original sin and personal offensesof both original sin and personal offenses

Original SinOriginal Sin

The story of Adam and Eve.The story of Adam and Eve. Why did God put the tree of Why did God put the tree of

Knowledge in the Garden of Eden?Knowledge in the Garden of Eden? They were tempted to believe that They were tempted to believe that

God was holding out on them.God was holding out on them. God’s ways aren’t the best for us.God’s ways aren’t the best for us.

Original SinOriginal Sin

Original Sin vs. Personal SinOriginal Sin vs. Personal Sin

Original SinOriginal Sin We don’t commit itWe don’t commit it But we are all born But we are all born

into a sin-damaged, into a sin-damaged, relationally damaged relationally damaged world which we world which we inherited from our first inherited from our first parentsparents

Leads us to Leads us to concupiscence an concupiscence an inclination to evilinclination to evil

Personal SinPersonal Sin Any free and Any free and

deliberate act, word, deliberate act, word, thought or desire that thought or desire that turns us away from turns us away from lovelove

Personal sin either Personal sin either weakens (venial sin) weakens (venial sin) or kills (mortal sin) our or kills (mortal sin) our relationship with Godrelationship with God

Mortal SinMortal Sin A grave violation of God’s law that A grave violation of God’s law that

destroys God’s love and life within us.destroys God’s love and life within us. ““There is a sin that leads to death” (1 John There is a sin that leads to death” (1 John

5:16)5:16) Involves three conditions:Involves three conditions: Grave matter—breaking one of the comt’sGrave matter—breaking one of the comt’s Full knowledge—we know that what we’re Full knowledge—we know that what we’re

doing is wrongdoing is wrong Complete consent—the person is not being Complete consent—the person is not being

forced to do it. They’ve have freely chosen forced to do it. They’ve have freely chosen to do so.to do so.

Venial SinVenial Sin

Venial means “easily forgivable”Venial means “easily forgivable” “… “… there is sin that does not lead to there is sin that does not lead to

death.” (1 John 5:17)death.” (1 John 5:17) Venial sin occurs when we fail to follow Venial sin occurs when we fail to follow

the moral law in less serious matters or the moral law in less serious matters or without full knowledge or complete without full knowledge or complete consent of what we’re doing.consent of what we’re doing.

It weakens God’s life within us, but does It weakens God’s life within us, but does not destroy it within us like mortal sin.not destroy it within us like mortal sin.

Mortal or Venial?Mortal or Venial?

Lying under oath?Lying under oath? Not stopping at the scene of an accident Not stopping at the scene of an accident

you caused?you caused? Verbally abusing someone with a disabilityVerbally abusing someone with a disability Cheating on a testCheating on a test Torturing political prisonersTorturing political prisoners SuicideSuicide Refusing to forgive someone who asksRefusing to forgive someone who asks Having sex outside of marriageHaving sex outside of marriage

Social Sin: cooperating in another Social Sin: cooperating in another persons sinpersons sin

Ex. Joining classmates in cutting Ex. Joining classmates in cutting someone downsomeone down

Order, advise, praise the sins of Order, advise, praise the sins of someone else.someone else.

Concealing someone else’s sin or Concealing someone else’s sin or protecting evil-doersprotecting evil-doers

Ex. Lying about someone’s sinful Ex. Lying about someone’s sinful behaviorbehavior

Being a friend means calling that person Being a friend means calling that person to accountability (i.e. Roger Boyer & Ella)to accountability (i.e. Roger Boyer & Ella)

The Unforgivable SinThe Unforgivable Sin

God will forgive any sin of anyone God will forgive any sin of anyone who approaches him for forgivenesswho approaches him for forgiveness

It is his promiseIt is his promise The only unforgivable sin is the The only unforgivable sin is the

deliberate refusal and rejection of deliberate refusal and rejection of God’s forgivenessGod’s forgiveness

God does not force his love on usGod does not force his love on us

The Prodigal SonThe Prodigal Son

Conversion and the Sacrament of Conversion and the Sacrament of ReconciliationReconciliation

This is where we continually restore This is where we continually restore our relationship with Godour relationship with God

We can do this alone with God but We can do this alone with God but there is a power in doing it with there is a power in doing it with someone who acts in Christ’s place—someone who acts in Christ’s place—the priest.the priest.

Elements of the SacramentElements of the Sacrament

Examine your conscienceExamine your conscience Have contrition for your sinsHave contrition for your sins Confess your sinsConfess your sins AbsolutionAbsolution Do the penance assignedDo the penance assigned

New TestamentNew Testament

You are probably feeling like Paul in You are probably feeling like Paul in Romans 7… What do we do about the Romans 7… What do we do about the sin within us and around us??sin within us and around us??

Jesus asks us to do three things:Jesus asks us to do three things: Repent of your sins (turn around)Repent of your sins (turn around) Believe in the gospel of God’s love for Believe in the gospel of God’s love for

you.you. With the strength of the Holy Spirit, With the strength of the Holy Spirit,

begin to live the good news of love.begin to live the good news of love.

Test Review:Test Review: Know and explain the seven capital sinsKnow and explain the seven capital sins The three Old Testament words for sin and their The three Old Testament words for sin and their

meaningsmeanings The three effects of sinThe three effects of sin What is original sin?What is original sin? What is the difference between personal sin and What is the difference between personal sin and

original sin?original sin? What is the difference between mortal sin and What is the difference between mortal sin and

venial sin?venial sin? What is social sin?What is social sin? What is the unforgivable sin?What is the unforgivable sin? What does repentance mean?What does repentance mean? Elements in the sacrament of reconciliation.Elements in the sacrament of reconciliation.

Personal StoryPersonal Story

My personal testimony and baptism My personal testimony and baptism storystory

Feeling a weight lifted after reading Ps. Feeling a weight lifted after reading Ps. 51 after feeling guilty the night before. 51 after feeling guilty the night before.

Show clip from Jesus filmShow clip from Jesus film Do you want to know Jesus’ love and Do you want to know Jesus’ love and

forgiveness and power to change in forgiveness and power to change in your life?your life?

Then ask him to come into your life.Then ask him to come into your life.