siddhartha gautama - …€¦ · web viewit cannot be changed, so humans must learn to live with...

Name: ______________________________World History Classical Period 600 BCE – 600 CE –KEY CONCEPT 2.1: The DEVELOPMENT & CODIFICATION of RELIGIOUS & CULTURAL TRADITIONS- Part II- Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism and Daoism

Standard 4.0 3.5 Not a 3.5 yetKEY CONCEPT 2.1: The DEVELOPMENT & CODIFICATION of RELIGIOUS & CULTURAL TRADITIONS

70 – 62 points

61.5- 48 points Less than 48 points

Take complete notes of the packet _______/11 pointsFill out graphic organizer for LEQ and SAQ ______/5 points Long Essay Question (LEQ) Causation ______/30 points SAQ Questions _____/24 points

Step one – in a group of three use your phone(s) to look up the following word and write a definition in your own words.

Tough Test Terms

Adaptation- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Causation- ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

General History TermsCodification:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1

Spirtual________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Secular________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Part I – Relgions and Philosophies of the Classical Era P.1- 19

LEQ Causation - Evaluate the extent to which the development of new religions and belief systems changed social structure in the period circa 600 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.

You know how Jesus was Jewish but had a slightly different view of that religion and started his own called Christianity? Well, in India they had a similar guy. His name was Siddhartha Gautama. He was a Hindu prince who sought out to end suffering. He came up with his own 8-fold Path to Enlightenment and left Hinduism behind when he became... The Buddha ("Enlightened One"). Summarize this paragraph in 1-2 sentences

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Define what the 10 terms mean below with 3-5 details each- 1. SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA

Definition-

Historical significance-

2. FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS Definition-

Historical significance- 2

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Noble_Truths

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gautama_Buddha

3. KARMA Definition-


4. MAHAYANA Definition-


5. THERAVADA Definition-


6. MIDDLE WAY Definition-


7. 8-FOLD PATH Definition-


8. NIRVANA Definition-

Historical significance- 3

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirvana

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_fold_Path

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_way

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theravada

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahayana_Buddhism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma

9. ASHOKA Definition-


Take note from APWorldipedia Key Concept 2.1 - http://apworldipedia.com/index.php?title=Key_Concept_2.1_The_Development_and_Codification_of_Religious_and_Cultural_TraditionsII. New belief systems and cultural traditions emerged and spread, often asserting universal truths.

A new major world religion began in this time period as an offshoot of Hinduism. Buddhism began in India in the Ganges

River area during the 6th century BCE. Its founder was Siddhartha Guatama, who later became known as the Buddha, or

the "Enlightened One." Siddhartha was the son of a wealthy Hindu prince who grew up with many advantages in life.

However, as a young man he did not find answers to the meaning of life in Hinduism, so he left home to become an

ascetic, or wandering holy man. His Enlightenment came while sitting under a tree in a Deerfield, and the revelations of

that day form the basic tenets of Buddhism:

The Four Noble Truths - 1) All of life is suffering; 2) Suffering is caused by false desires for things that do not bring

satisfaction; 3) Suffering may be relieved by removing the desire; 4) Desire may be removed by following the Eightfold

Path.

The Eightfold Path to Enlightenment - The ultimate goal is to follow the path to nirvana, or a state of contentment that

occurs when the individual's soul unites with the universal spirit. The eight steps must be achieved one by one, starting

with a change in thoughts and intentions, followed by changes in life style and actions, that prelude a higher thought

process through meditation. Eventually, a "breakthrough" occurs when nirvana is achieved that gives the person a whole

new understanding of life.

Note that Hinduism supported the continuation of the caste system in India, since castes were an outer reflection of inner

purity. For example, placement in a lower caste happened because a person did not fulfill his/her dharma in a previous

life. Higher status was a "reward" for good behavior in the past. Although Buddhism, like Hinduism, emphasizes the soul's

yearning for understandings on a higher plane, it generally supported the notion that anyone of any social position could

follow the Eightfold Path successfully. Buddhists believed that changes in thought processes and life styles brought

enlightenment, not the powers of one's caste. Although the Buddha actively spread the new beliefs during his long

lifetime, the new religion faced oppression after his death from Hindus who saw it as a threat to the basic social and

religious structure that held India together. Buddhism probably survived only because the Mauryan emperor Ashoka

converted to it and promoted its practice. However, in the long run, Buddhism did much better in areas where it spread

through cultural diffusion, such as Southeast Asia, China, and Japan.A.

4

http://apworldipedia.com/index.php?title=Key_Concept_2.1_The_Development_and_Codification_of_Religious_and_Cultural_Traditions


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashoka

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- BBC The Story of India - Episode 2 - The Power of Ideas Watch from 8:45 – 14:05- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63Jw0Ky6ZpQ

Take notes on the Buddha and his life

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- EASTERN PHILOSOPHY - The Buddha - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tilBs32zN7I

Focus on the following – Buddha, Four Noble Truths, 8-fold Path, Ashoka

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- BBC The Story of India - Episode 2 - Watch video from 45:10 – 50:40

- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63Jw0Ky6ZpQ

Take notes that answer the question:What happed to the Emperor Ashoka after he massacared the people of Kalinga? - Remember that Ashoka became a Buddhist.

5

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63Jw0Ky6ZpQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tilBs32zN7I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63Jw0Ky6ZpQ

Watch the two videos and take notes about Mahanaya and Theravana Buddhism

Minute Faith ~ Mahayana Buddhism- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GeVDd6fK-Bs

Minute Faith ~ Theravada Buddhismhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQVhej29X0w

Use the SCAP steps to interpet and analyze the following primary source

- Mr. Wood will hand out a reading on the Four Noble Truths. – Document #1

S- Speaker

What’s the speaker’s POV?

C- Context

Does this fit in an “age” or an “era”?

A- Audience

Who is the speaker writing for? Does the audience “side” with the speaker?

P- Purpose

Can you summarize in one sentence, the main idea,

6

argument, or persuasion in the doc?

This is the biggest religion on earth. There are over 2 billion Christians out there. The whole thing started in the Middle East as a local Jewish carpenter claimed to be the son of god. He was later crucified by the Romans. According to the Christians, he came back from the dead and then went to heaven. This story has had a massive influence on the rest of history. If you live in the United States, you can't miss this story as Christianity is the predominant religion here. This is also (besides Buddhism with Ashoka and Siddhartha) the only religion that requires you to know TWO people in this era: Jesus and Constantine.

Summarize the above paragraph in 1-2 sentences

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Define what the 10 terms mean below with 3-5 details each - 1. JESUS of NAZARETH

Definition-


2. BIBLE Definition-


3. CRUCIFIXION Definition-

7

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus


4. BAPTISM Definition-


5. GOSPEL Definition-


6. MESSIAH Definition-


7. POPE Definition-


8. CONSTANTINE Definition-


8

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_I

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messiah#Christianity

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baptism

9. MARY Definition-


10. EDICT of MILAN Definition-


Go to APWorldipedia Key Concept 2.1 - http://apworldipedia.com/index.php?title=Key_Concept_2.1_The_Development_and_Codification_of_Religious_and_Cultural_TraditionsScroll down to

II. New belief systems and cultural traditions emerged and spread, often asserting universal truths

D. Christianity grew directly out of Judaism, with its founder Jesus of Nazareth born and raised as a Jew in the

area just east of the Mediterranean Sea. During his lifetime, the area was controlled by Rome as a province in the

empire. Christianity originated partly from a long-standing Jewish belief in the coming of a Messiah, or a leader who

would restore the Jewish kingdom to its former glory days. Jesus' followers saw him as the Messiah who would

cleanse the Jewish religion of its rigid and haughty priests and assure life after death to all that followed Christian

precepts. In this way, its appeal to ordinary people may be compared to that of Buddhism, as it struggled to emerge

from the Hindu caste system. Christianity's broad appeal of the masses, as well as deliberate conversion efforts by

its early apostles, meant that the religion grew steadily and eventually became the religion with the most followers in

the modern world.

Jesus was a prophet and teacher whose followers came to believe that he was the son of God. He advocated a

moral code based on love, charity, and humility. His disciples predicted a final judgment day when God would

reward the righteous with immortality and condemn sinners to eternal hell. Jesus was arrested and executed by

Roman officials because he aroused suspicions among Jewish leaders, and he was seen by many as a dangerous

rebel rouser. After his death, his apostles spread the faith. Especially important was Paul, a Jew who was familiar

with Greco-Roman culture. He explained Christian principles in ways that Greeks and Romans understood, and he

established churches all over the eastern end of the Mediterranean, and even as far away as Rome.

Christianity grew steadily in the Roman Empire, but not without clashes with Roman authorities. Eventually in the

4th century CE, the Emperor Constantine was converted to Christianity and established a new capital in the eastern

city of Byzantium, which he renamed Constantinople. As a result, the religion grew west and north from Rome, and

also east from Constantinople, greatly extending its reach.D. Christianity

9



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Milan

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page "A Brief History of Jesus"...a cinematic & historical look at his life set to "Canon in D" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaleuTdgeLU

- Also note this is made from a Christian perspective

Take notes on the life Jesus – Note Jesus would have had darker skin than any of the Jesus’s in the video

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page The Edict of Milan and Constantine - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aa_ck4zFY1I You can stop watching at 2:45 or so…

Use SCAP Notes to take notes on the following Primary Source

10

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aa_ck4zFY1I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaleuTdgeLU

The "Edict of Milan " (313 A. D.)- mrmcguffee.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/.../edict_of_milan_primary_source_analysis.pdf

When I, Constantine Augustus, as well as I Licinius Augustus d fortunately met near Mediolanurn (Milan), and were considering everything that pertained to the public welfare and security, we thought -, among other things which we saw would be for the good of many, those regulations pertaining to the reverence of the Divinity ought certainly to be made first, so that we might grant to the Christians and others full authority to observe that religion which each preferred; whence any Divinity whatsoever in the seat of the heavens may be propitious and kindly disposed to us and all who are placed under our rule And thus by this wholesome counsel and most upright provision we thought to arrange that no one whatsoever should be denied the opportunity to give his heart to the observance of the Christian religion, of that religion which he should think best for himself, so that the Supreme Deity, to whose worship we freely yield our hearts) may show in all things His usual favor and benevolence. Therefore, your Worship should know that it has pleased us to remove all conditions whatsoever, which were in the rescripts formerly given to you officially, concerning the Christians and now any one of these who wishes to observe Christian religion may do so freely and openly, without molestation. We thought it fit to commend these things most fully to your care that you may know that we have given to those Christians free and unrestricted opportunity of religious worship. When you see that this has been granted to them by us, your Worship will know that we have also conceded to other religions the right of open and free observance of their worship for the sake of the peace of our times, that each one may have the free opportunity to worship as he pleases

S- Speaker


C- Context


A- Audience


P- Purpose

Can you summarize in one sentence, the main idea, argument, or persuasion in the doc?

Summarize the following opening paragraph and tell what is important about Confucianism in one sentence

11

If I was playing Civilization or Age of Empires-style game, and I had to enter at the beginning of the game what type of belief system my people should follow... I would choose Confucianism. It's great (if you are a man). Everyone knows their place in society. There are respectful relationships from father-to-son all the way up to the Emperor. Everyone works hard and does as their elders tell them. I'm assuming you're a teenager. If so, this must sound terrible. You're probably Daoist. We'll cover them next...

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Define what the 10 terms mean below with 3-5 details each - 1. KUNG FU-TZE

Definition-


2. FIVE RELATIONSHIPS Definition-


3. FILIAL PIETY Definition-


4. MENCIUS Definition-


5. ANALECTS Definition-

12

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analects

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mencius

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filial_piety

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucianism#Relationships

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucius


Take Notes on the following from APWorldipedia 2.1

II . New belief systems and cultural traditions emerged and spread, often asserting universal truths

Three important belief systems (Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism) emerged in China during the Warring States

Period (403-221 BCE) between the Zhou and Han Dynasties. Although the period was politically chaotic, it hosted a

cultural flowering that left a permanent mark on Chinese history. Confucius

contemplated why China had fallen into chaos, and concluded that the Mandate of Heaven had been lost because of poor

behavior of not only the Chinese emperor, but all his subjects as well. His plan for reestablishing Chinese society

profoundly affected the course of Chinese history and eventually spread to many other areas of Asia as well. He

emphasized the importance of harmony, order, and obedience and believed that if five basic relationships were sound, all

of society would be, too:

Emperor/subject - the emperor has the responsibility to take care of his subjects, and subjects must obey the emperor

Father/son - the father takes care of the son, and the son obeys the father

Older brother/younger brother - the older brother takes care of the younger brother, who in turn obeys him

Husband/wife - the husband takes care of the wife, who in turn obeys him

Friend/friend -The only relationship that does not assume inequality should be characterized by mutual care and

obedience.

Confucius also defined the "superior man" - one who exhibits ren (kindness), li (sense of propriety), and Xiao (filial piety,

or loyalty to the family). Confucianism accepted and endorsed inequality as an important part of an ordered society. It

confirmed the power of the emperor, but held him responsible for his people, and it reinforced the patriarchal family

structure that was already in place in China. Because Confucianism focused on social order and political organization, it is

generally seen as a philosophy rather than a religion. Religions are more likely to emphasize spiritual topics, not society

and politics.B.

13

Wu Emperor of the Han Dynasty (156- 87 BC)- https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/china-history/wudi-emperor.htm

Emperor Wu of Han, born as Liu Che, was the seventh emperor of the Han Dynasty. He ruled the empire from 141 to 87 BC.

Emperor Wu inherited the Han empire when he was 15. He was famous for many far-reaching accomplishments.He set up Confucian academies throughout the country and made Confucianism the state philosophy.

His campaigns usually succeeded in expanding the empire. He kept the Xiongnu out and established Silk Road trade by sending Zhang Qian to the Yuezhi in 139 BC. During his long reign, he consolidated power in terms of territory; the empire stretched to Central Asia, Korea, and Vietnam.

Almost as soon as he began hisreign, he presided over an examination of Confucian scholars, and the court put some of those who were successful in the exam in official positions.

Then the ruling court started a Confucian academy. In this way, he presided over the establishment of the Confucian Imperial Examination to select people for government positions.

Those who passed the examination were guaranteed to be literate and knowledgeable about Confucian political philosophy. This was the main way that people were selected for government positions in most of the big regional dynasties during the next 2,000 years.

Go to the following website linked to Mr. Wood’s website and fill in the following Freemanpedia- Confucianism- http://www.freeman-pedia.com/confucianism

On the Map show where Early Confucianism spread by 200 B.C.E and label the following modern day countries

- Early Confucianism – China - Japan -Korea -

14

http://www.freeman-pedia.com/confucianism

https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/culture/the-han-dynasty.htm

https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/china-history/wudi-emperor.htm

Summarize the following opening paragraph and tell what is important about Confucianism in

one sentence

Whatever, man. Daoism is what it is. It isn't what it isn't. Read the Tao Te Ching (the basis of Daoism that Lao Tzu wrote before he left China). It's only 20 something pages. It's tough. It tells you more about what it isn't than what it is. It is tough to get a straight answer out of this thing. Basically, the Daoists follow their Dao (the way). I like to break it down like this. Confucianists are like well trained bomb sniffing dogs. They know how to get things done... They've done their homework... They are obedient. Then, we have the Daoists. They are like a room full of cats. They do what they want, when they want. They follow their Dao. Go with the flow. Regardless, they've played a HUGE role in Chinese history.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Define what the terms mean below with 3-5 details each

1. DAO Definition-

Historical significance- 2. DAO TE CHING

Definition-

15

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao_Te_Ching

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao


3. LAO TZU Definition-


Take notes form the following website APWorldipedia 2.1

II. New belief systems and cultural traditions emerged and spread, often asserting universal truths

C.The founder of Daoism is believed to have been Laozi, a spiritualist who probably lived in the 4th century BCE. The religion centers on the Dao (sometimes referred to as the "Way" or "Path"), the original force of the cosmos that is an eternal and unchanging principle that governs all the workings of the world. The Dao is passive - not active, good nor bad - but it just is. It cannot be changed, so humans must learn to live with it. According to Daoism, human strivings have brought the world to chaos because they resist the Dao. A chief characteristic is wuwei, or a disengagement from the affairs of the world, including government. The less government, the better. Live simply, in harmony with nature. Daoism encourages introspection, development of inner contentment, and no ambition to change the Dao.

Both Confucianism and Daoism encourage self knowledge and acceptance of the ways things are. However, Confucianism is activist and extroverted, and Daoism is reflective and introspective. The same individual may believe in the importance of both belief systems, unlike many people in western societies who think that a person may only adhere to one belief system or another.

C.

16

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laozi

Overview Look at the entire visual image- write 2-3 details that explains what is in this image. This is “big picture,” and not a small detail in part of the image.

Parts Focus on the parts of the visual (read labels, look for symbols, study the details). Write 2-3 details about what the individual parts/symbols mean or represent?

Title Write the title and 2-3 details about what the title tells you about the image.

I learned that Name 2-3 major ideas or concepts that you learned from this map

Context Use the clues in the visual image to establish when the document was created. Provide 2-3 examples that show this (if the year is listed that counts as one).

Take notes on the following reading

Influences of Daoism on development of Chinese Culture- by Sarah Sotelo http://mrbarton-abcjs.weebly.com/influences-of-daoism-on-development-of-chinese-culture---architecture-medical-theories.html

Architecture When looking at Chinese architecture you find many Taoist influences spread about. For example Taoist architecture, manly temples, tended to be built in natural environments, usually mountains and near bodies of

17

water.

The most prominent influenced Architecture in China would be the many sacred temples, and palaces. Yet evidence of Daoism has also been found in numerous nunneries, alters and huts around China.

As said before most Doaist buildings are built in natural environments and once done so they tended to become very sacred and respected.

Medical theories and practicesThe basic premise of Daoism is to preserve health and the ultimate goal of prolonging physical life. Which depends on some type of medical assistance in some cases. Daoists had faith healers and hygienists who would had medical knowledge.

In Daoism Medicine considers a patient as a whole not only their illness. It is said that it sees a lack of harmony with nature and because of that its a major reason why disorders, illnesses and other ailments occur.

Poetry It has been said that Poetry was an important part of Daoism. In Taoist poems nature and paradoxical references are expressed. It shows the natural beauty that is all around and at all times. It's peaceful and references to the mysterious Tao.

Chinese poetry has spiritual traditions from Buddhism and Daoism. The subjects vary from every day living, the appreciation of nature, precious moments in times, and a pointing to the unity of life.

Metallurgy

Metallurgy is most basically turning one metal to another. Taoist tried very hard to change regular unimpressive metals into the most wanted metal there is Gold.

The Taoist way of thinking was to practice alchemy, which at first was only experimental. Yet eventually they tried to find the perfect type of medicine that would allow them to live forever, and whatever this medicine was it would have to be absorbed into the human body.

Use the SCAP steps to interpet and analyze the following primary source on the next page

Selections from “Dao De Jing”Laozi- http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/texts/taote-ex.html

18

http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/texts/taote-ex.html

Impartially Without showing preference/favoritism

Bellows

Sage An extremely wise man

Yield Produce/provide

5.Nature

Nature is not kind;

It treats all things impartially.

The Sage is not kind,

And treats all people impartially.

Nature is like a bellows

Empty, yet supplying all needs,

The more it moves, the more it yields;

The sage draws upon Tao in the same way

And cannot be exhausted.

S- Speaker


C- Context


A- Audience


19

P- Purpose


Part II- Spread of Religion, Hierarchy and Gender Roles P. 20- 26

Short Answer Prompt

a. Identify ONE way in which Buddhist and Christian Monasticism influenced the development of social structures in the period 600 B.C.E.- 600 C.E.

b. Explain ONE similarity in the development of social structures of Monasticism in Buddhism and Christianity in the period 600 B.C.E.

c. Explain ONE similarity in the development of social structures of Monasticism in Buddhism and Christianity in the period 600 B.C.E. (4.0 option)

Take notes from APWorldipedia Key Concept 2.1 - http://apworldipedia.com/index.php?title=Key_Concept_2.1_The_Development_and_Codification_of_Religious_and_Cultural_Traditions

III. Belief systems generally reinforced existing social structures while also offering new roles and status to some men and women. For example, Confucianism emphasized filial piety, and some Buddhists and Christians practiced a monastic life.

In the previous time period, the surpluses created by agricultural production first led to social and gender inequalities which in turn were reinforced by laws and codes. Belief systems too affected gender roles in society, and each of the major world religions that was codified during this period had an impact on gender relations. Hinduism, Confucianism and Christianity all encouraged patriarchy (although at differing levels of severity.) The Hindu Laws of Manu taught that a woman is not independent of men at any point in her life:

In childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when her lord is dead to her

sons; a woman must never be independent. She must not seek to separate herself from her father,

husband, or sons; by leaving them she would make both (her own and her husband's) families contemptible.

She must always be cheerful, clever in (the management of her) household affairs, careful in cleaning her

utensils, and economical in expenditure.

--Laws of Manu

The writings of St. Paul in the New Testament of the Christian Bible also reinforced patriarchy, but hold up a

husband's obligation to love his wife "as Christ loves the church."

Wives, be subject to your own husbands, as to the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife, as Christ

also is the head of the church. . . Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ also loved the church and gave

Himself up for her.

--Ephesians 5:22,25

20



Confucianism teaches a heirarchal family structure and endows the husband with authority over the wife. But like

Christianity, this is a soft patriarchy with reciprocal obligations for the hustband, namely that he show respect and be

a model of proper behavior in the family. The deep respect for parents and ancestors, called filial piety, was also a

central tenent of Confucianism.

In its original form Buddhism was unique in this regard. It rejected the caste system on which social inequality was

based and taught that both genders had equal access to enlightenment. Thus it was a rare exception to the wide

practice of patriarchy in the ancient world. As it spread into east Asia, however, Buddhism absorbed many cultural

values of China. In many areas Confucian patriarchy remained the dominant family model.

Watch the following video and explain how it shows Filial Piety in 2-3 details Filial Piety: Father and Son (Eng subtitles) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybxNkpS5q-g

Use the SCAP steps to interpet and analyze the following primary source on the next page Selections from "The Analects" Quotes from Confucius taken from - http://college.cengage.com/history/primary/analects.htm

Definitions:Reverence- a very high level of respect + love Remonstrate- To show someone where they are wrong, to try to tell your point of viewMurmur- a very low noise, hard to hear like mumblePropriety- Acting in a way that follows tradition and respect, example- behavior during churchFILIAL PIETY

Zi, you asked what filial piety was. The Master said, "The filial piety of nowadays means the support of one's parents. But dogs and horses likewise are able to do something in the way of support; -- without reverence, what is there to distinguish the one support given from the other?"

The Master said, "In serving his parents, a son may remonstrate with them, but gently; when he sees that they do not incline to follow his advice, he shows an increased degree of reverence, but does not abandon his purpose; and should they punish him, he does not allow himself to murmur."

Mang I asked what filial piety was. The Master said, "It is not being disobedient." 21

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ybxNkpS5q-g

Soon after, as Fan Chih was driving him, the Master told him, saying, "Mang Sun asked me what filial piety was, and I answered him, 'not being disobedient.'"

Fan Chih said, "What did you mean?" The Master replied, "That parents, when alive, should be served according to propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to propriety."

S- Speaker


C- Context


A- Audience


P- Purpose


Monasticism

Some followers of Buddhism and Christianity had tendencies toward asceticism, an extreme rejection of the

materialistic values of the world, its luxuries, anything extravagant or unnecessary, and all sexual pleasure. Such

people avoided all material things except the bare necessities and simplest food. In their attempt to separate

themselves from the sensual temptations of the world, some Buddhists and Christians developed monasticism, the

lifestyle of living as monks in a monastery. Christian monks lived without worldly goods and worked to feed the poor

and care for orphans and widows. Buddhist monks purged themselves of desire and aided the weak or poor while

striving to attain enlightenment. Although the reality of monasticism could be quite different--the lust for power and

wealth can infect every human institution-- ideally, monasteries gave opportunities for both men and women to

provide charitable services to the less fortunate.

22

In the next series of videos we are looking at Monasticism and how it exists in both Christianty and Buddhism, many historians argue that both Buddhism and Christianity were able to spread in large part because of Monasticism

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- HISTORY OF IDEAS – Monasticism – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtU5hzfHvd0

You can stop watching at 8:00!!

Do not take notes on the people and dates – focus your notes on what is Monasticism – Remember it is very important that this exists in both Christianity and Buddhism!!)

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- 9a Buddhist practices – monasticism, monks, nuns, sangha – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uO6U4l_jtwY

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- Monastic History – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQiW7iZ-pzA

23

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VQiW7iZ-pzA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uO6U4l_jtwY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LtU5hzfHvd0

Take notes on the following video linked on Mr. Wood’s page- Community Life – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otcojjNirsA

Answer the following question as you watch the video – What does it mean to live in a community?

Rule of St. Columba 6th Century

Ireland was one of the monastic centers of Europe in the early middle ages. In fact the Church in Ireland was dominated by monasteries and by monastic leaders. Other Irish monks became missionaries and converted much of Northern Europe St. Columba (521 -597) and his followers converted Scotland and much of northern England. Columba did not leave a written rule. But the following rule, attributed to him, was set down much later. I does reflects the spirit of early Irish Monasticism.

Be alone in a separate place near a chief city, if thy conscience is not prepared to be in common with the crowd….

Take not of food till thou art hungry. Sleep not till thou feelest desire. Speak not except on business. Every increase which comes to thee in lawful meals, or in wearing apparel, give it for pity to the brethren that

want it, or to the poor in like manner. The love of God with all thy heart and all thy strength; The love of thy neighbour as thyself Abide in the Testament of God throughout all times. Thy measure of prayer shall be until thy tears come; Or thy measure of work of labour till thy tears come;

S- Speaker


C- Context


A- Audience


P- Purpose

24

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otcojjNirsA







25

Look at the two maps below and fill out the OPTIC steps






Use the SCAP steps to interpet and analyze the following primary source

26

siddhartha gautama - …€¦ · web viewit cannot be changed, so humans must learn to live with...

Documents