Sibiu – European Sibiu – European Capital of Culture 2007Capital of Culture 2007An assesment of its impact on local development and identity

Sabina-Adina LucaDragoş Dragoman„Lucian Blaga” University of SibiuRomania

Sibiu ECoC 2007 and local Sibiu ECoC 2007 and local developmentdevelopmentMeyerscough (1995) divided the

European Cities of Culture occurring activities in three main approaches:

arrangements with an emphasis on infrastructure

festival programming developing artistic conceptsSibiu ECoC 2007, as other capitals,

combined these approches

Estimated Infrastructure Estimated Infrastructure Spending in Sibiu (2004-Spending in Sibiu (2004-2007)2007)Investment items Estimated

cost(millions Euros)

Funding institution

Airport terminal 28.5 Local Council, County Council

Historical center renovation

6 Local Council, Ministry of Culture

Main railway station renovation

5 Ministry of Transportation

Urban water system renovation

9 Local Council

Urban traffic regulation system

0.25 Local Council

Various churches renovation

1.3 Ministry of Culture

TOTAL 50.05

The budget revenues of The budget revenues of Sibiu Municipality, 2002-Sibiu Municipality, 2002-20082008

Estimated Direct Expenses Estimated Direct Expenses for Sibiu European Capital of for Sibiu European Capital of Culture 2007Culture 2007 Euros

Public spending on equipment and facilitiesNew ASTRA public library building and ‘Gong’ children theater renovation

3,430,000

Brukenthal Fine Arts Museum renovation 5,000,000Multi-functional facility (tent) 790,000Steinway Piano 100,000Two concert stages 800,000Public spending on cultural programme337 cultural projects 13,400,0003rd Ecumenical Meeting of the European Churches 500,000Promotion 5,000,000

OVERALL PUBLIC SPENDING 18,900,000

OVERALL PRIVATE SPENDING ON NEW TOURISTIC EQUIPMENT

67,000,000

OVERALL SPENDING ON FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT 85,900,000

Sibiu ECoC 2007 and its Sibiu ECoC 2007 and its impact on local identityimpact on local identitySibiu was nominated in 2004 with

regard to its ethnic peculiarity, i.e a large Romanian city ruled by a German (Saxon) mayor

Despite this peculiarity, people in Sibiu are not very different from people in Romania regarding various attitudes, values and beliefs

The requirements for citizenship unravels an ongoing conflict between civic and ethnic aspects of citizenship

The structure of requirements The structure of requirements for citizenship in Sibiufor citizenship in Sibiu

1 2 3 4Having at least one parent from country .619 --- --- -.271

Being born in country .791 --- --- ---Having national ancestors .607 --- --- .304Working in country .802 --- --- -.339Having lived in country for at least 5 years .459 --- .305 -.181

Speaking the national language --- .928 .319 ---Agreeing to abide by the country’s laws and institutions --- -.263 .582 .150

Passing a test about the country --- .-236 .683 .118

Taking an oath of allegiance to the country .166 --- --- .717

Feeling that one belongs to the country .372 --- -.168 .727

Sibiu ECoC 2007 and its Sibiu ECoC 2007 and its impact on local identityimpact on local identitymost West European countries have

already begun to see themselves largely as multicultural and multi-religious communities

Romanians and East Europeans still consider themselves as members of an ethnically based state

they inherited a long romantic tradition that had a single aim, to put in place the idea of a single people, a single language and a single state

Sibiu ECoC 2007 and its Sibiu ECoC 2007 and its impact on local identityimpact on local identityFuss (2003) found that people from

various European cities under scrutiny display strong relations to Europe, that the national and European identities are closer than expected and strongly correlated

By increasing contact with incoming tourists and investors, we withness a widening of local community in Sibiu

The effective European membership and the internal EU mobility may trigger the same effect on the national identity and strengthen the weak European identity (only about 4 %)

Primary identification in Primary identification in SibiuSibiu

0

20

40

60

2003 2005 2006

loc alregionalnational

Thank you!Thank you!