Mudassar Aziz (BBA-143026)

Ali Raza (BBA-143084)

His name was Abū-Muhammad Muslih al-Dīn bin Abdallāh Shīrāzī, Saadi Shirazi.

He was well know by his pen name Sheikh saadi.

He was one of the Persian poet.

He was a well story teller as well .

His family was typical Islamic family.

He was born in shiraz (Iran) 1213.

He was Muslim.

His home town was “molof”.

His father died when he was child.

He is not only famous in Persian countries as well as in whole world .

His books are translated in all languages.

His birth time was the golden era of Islam.

Baghdad was the well famous for the education of Muslims.

At the time of his birth Mongols was attacking on defeating the Baghdad by crossing “Gobi desert” .

About eight hundred years ago, there lived an educated family in Shiraz (Iran). A child was born in that family in 1184 A.D. He was named as ‘Sharfuddin’. But on his father’s name, he was called ‘Muslihuddin’. Saadi is the pen name of Sheikh Saadi. He chose Saadi because Saad Bin Zangi was the guardian of his family. He was the ruler of Shiraz.

He love tourism.

First he Visits to the Baghdad And leave his home town .

After His Studies he visits to different places like

A) Makahb) Medinac) Shamd) Philistinee) North AfricaAnd f) Asia …..

While his journey he offer 14 Hajj.

He also took part in many wars.

For his studies he went to the Baghdad .

He studied in the Nizamiyya University Iran.

His Teacher name was “Abu'l-Faraj ibn al- Jawzi ”.

From there he get education of 1)Islamic science2)Law3)Governance4)History5)Arabic literature6)Islamic technology.

Once he was caught by Christians in the desert of Palestine. He was forced to work as a labor and dig a trench. A man from Syria was passing by that place. He recognized Sheikh Saadi and freed him at the cost of 10 Dinar. He took Saadi to his home and married her daughter to him.

Sheikh Saadi was nearby Baghdad at the time of Siege of Baghdad by Halaku Khan. He wrote a poem on this misery and end of Abbasia Kingdom. Ministers of Halaku Khan named Khwaja Shamsuddin and Khwaja Allauddin had great reverence for Sheikh Saadi. Once the son of Halaku was going on journey at Tabraiz. He saw Sheikh Saadi and both the Muslim ministers introduced Saadi to Halaku’s Son. Halaku’s son asked Sheikh Saadi to give him some advises. So, Saadi Sherazi gave such advises to him that he could not stop his tears.

His best known works are Bustan (The Orchard) completed in 1257 and Gulistan (The Rose Garden) in 1258

Bostan is entirely in verse (epic metre). It consists of stories aptly illustrating the standard virtues recommended to Muslims (justice, liberality, modesty, contentment) and reflections on the behavior of dervishes and their ecstatic practices. Gulistan is mainly in prose and contains stories and personal anecdotes

The Gulistan "The Rose Garden") is a landmark of Persian literature, perhaps its single most influential work of prose.Written in 1258 CE, it is one of two major works of the Persian poet Sa'di, considered one of the greatest medieval Persian poets. It is also one of his most popular books, and has proved deeply influential in the West as well as the East.

The Gulistan is a collection of poems and stories, just as a rose-garden is a collection of roses. It is widely quoted as a source of wisdom

Theme

The morals and virtues of the kings affect their people a lot. The more unjust the king is, the more troubled his country will be. The prosperity of the people depends upon the virtues of the ruler.

I

Once a king and a Persian slave were sailing in the same boat. The salve had never been at sea, and never experienced any calamity. After some-time the boat was hit by a storm and started tossing. It was very inconvenient for the passengers. All remained quiet except the slave who in fear of being drowned began to cry and tremble, and created inconvenience for the others. The other tried to pacify him by kindness and affection but he didn’t hear anybody. When the uneasiness lasted longer the king also became displeased.

In that boat there happened to be a sergeant, who said, “With’ your permission, may I quieten him”.

“It will be a great favour”, the king said. The sergeant ordered the slave to be thrown into the water, so that he could have experienced the true danger of life. Two persons threw him in the sea and when he was about to be drowned they pulled him back to the boat, and he clung the stern with both of his hands. Then he sat down and remained quiet. This appeared strange to the king, who could not comprehend the wisdom in the action taken by the sergeant, and he asked for it. The sergeant replied:

“Before he had experienced the danger of being drowned, he knew not about the safety of the boat. A man does not realize the worth of safety from the misfortune until he has tasted it.”

Bustan is a book of poetry by the Persian poet Saadi, completed in 1257 and dedicated to the Salghurid Atabeg.

It was Saadi's first work, and its title means "the orchard". The book contains the fruits of Saadi's long experience and his judgements upon life, and is illustrated by a vast collection of anecdotes. It includes accounts of Saadi'stravels and his analysis of human psychology. He often mentions his accounts with fervour and advice similar to Aesop's fables.

It is composed in mathnawī style (rhyming couplets), and has been translated into English.

The Bostan was translated into Dutch in 1688 by Daniel Havart.

The Dabestān-e Mazāheb,"School of Religions", is an examination and comparison of South Asian religions and sects of the mid-17th century. The work is written in Persian, probably having been composed in about 1655 CE.

The Dabistan-e Madahib is best known for its chapter on the Dīn-i Ilāhī, the syncretic religion propounded by the Mughal emperor Jalālu d-Dīn MuḥammadAkbar ("Akbar the Great") after 1581 and is possibly the mostreliable account of the Ibādat Khāna discussions that led up to this.

This work was first printed by Nazar Ashraf in a very accurate edition in movable type at Calcutta in 1809. A lithographed edition was published by Ibrahim bin NurMuhammad from Bombay in AH 1292 (1875). In 1877, Munshi Nawal Kishore published another Lithographed edition from Lucknow.

The distinguished Persian scholar Francis Gladwin translated the chapter on the Persians into English and published it from Calcutta in 1789. A German version by E. Dalburg from Wurzburg was published in 1809. The chapter on the Raushanyas was translated into English by J. Leiden. The entire work was translated into English by David Shea and Anthony Troyer under the title, The Dabistan or School of Manners(1843) in three volumes from London.

Saadi distinguished between the spiritual and the practical or mundane aspects of life. In his Bustan, for example, spiritual Saadi uses the mundane world as a spring board to propel himself beyond the earthly realms. The images in Bustan are delicate in nature and soothing. In the Gulistan, on the other hand, mundane Saadi lowers the spiritual to touch the heart of his fellow wayfarers.

Saadi's prose style, described as "simple but impossible to

imitate" flows quite naturally and effortlessly. Its

simplicity, however, is grounded in a semantic web

consisting of synonymy, homophony ,

and oxymoron buttressed by internal rhythm and

external rhyme.

At the death of Saad bin Zangi, his son Abu Bakar bin Zangi became the king of Sheraz. At that time, Sheikh Saadi came back to his home town. At the last age, Saadi lived in a separate house outside Shiraz. He got an age of more than hundred years. Sheikh Saadi died in 1292 A.D.

A person asked Sheikh Saadi (Rehmatullah Alai): "What is the difference between a brother and a friend?"

Sheikh replied:" Brother is like gold and friend is like diamond."

The person wondered and asked again how he preferred friend over brother.

Sheikh responded that if there appeared any crack in the gold then it could be

melted and reshaped as per it original shape, whereas if there appeared a crack in the diamond,

it could never be reshaped to its original shape.