session iii yong joo kim

Development and Localization of Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology

Customized for Weather and Road Conditions in Developing Countries

(Indonesia and Mongolia)

Yong-Joo Kim, Ph. D. Senior Researcher

Highway Pavement Research Division Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology

2014. 11. 07.

2014 Seoul S&T Forum (New Vision for Global R&DB) November 5th – 7th, 2014. Plaza Hotel Seoul, Seoul, Korea

2

History of KICT

Personnel

Budget

1983

43 Persons $1.4 Million

2014

832 Persons $138.3 Million

2013 1983

Establishment of KICT

KICT, Ilsan

1997

Fire Research Center, Hwasung

Government Sponsored Research Institute under the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning

2006 2009

River Experiment Center, Andong

KICT (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)

3

Introduction of KICT

4

International Cooperation

Development and Localization of Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology

Customized for Weather and Road Conditions in Developing Countries

(Indonesia and Mongolia)

Yong-Joo Kim, Ph. D. Senior Researcher


2014. 11. 07.


6

Content

Weather and Road Conditions in Mongolia and Indonesia

Planning of Road Infrastructure in Developing Countries (Mongolia and Indonesia)

Development PWMA Technology Customized for Weather and Road Conditions in Mongolia and Indonesia

Developed Warm-Mix Asphalt (WMA) Technology in Korea

Localization Strategy of PWMA Technology in Mongolia and Indonesia

7

Building Road Infrastructure in Developing Counties

Purpose

§  Many of developing countries are significantly building road infrastructure in order to develop sustainable integrated reliable road system with adequate mobility, accessibility and safety to support economic growth and social well-being.

Indonesia & Mongolia

DEVELOPED REGION DEVELOPING REGION

NEWLY DEVELOPING

REGION

§  Current road infrastructure proportion is not yet spread evenly for each areas of economic corridor.

8

Plan of Extending Road Infrastructure in Mongolia

Mongolia

§  5,572-km State Highway

($1.8 B)

§  990-km Expressway ($2.1 B)

§  Local Road in Ulaanbaatar City

($1.0B)

9

Plan of Extending Road Infrastructure in Indonesia

Indonesia

DEVELOPED REGION DEVELOPING REGION

NEWLY DEVELOPING

REGION

§  Particularly expanding toll road capacity (about 4,000km) to minimize travel time for major congested city.

§  Toll road/ expressway is only 75

7km, National Road is 38,569km. While, more than 300,000km are local roads.

10

Weather and Road Conditions in Mongolia

Climate and Road Conditions

Problems and Needs

Rutting Low-Temp. Cra

cking

[범주 이름]

Concrete

Paveme

§  Asphalt pavement are frequently occurred early failures .

§  Paving construction period is very limited. Paving period is not enough to extend road infrastructure rapidly in Mongolia.

§  Normally, paving construction period for asphalt pavement is too short (only 6 months) because of cold temperature (current Temp. is 0˚C~-14˚C)

Inconsistence Paving

11

Weather and Road Conditions in Indonesia

Climate and Road Conditions

Problems and Needs

[범주 이름]

Concrete

Paveme

§  Asphalt pavement in Indonesia is mainly damaged by moisture and high temperature with heavy traffic loading

§  It is too difficult to manage compacting temperature at long haul distance project from asphalt plant.

§  Based on the limited number of asphalt plant in Indonesia, consistence paving temperature can not be managed in the job site (long haul distance project)

Hot temperature and repeated raining season

Rutting Exposed to moi

sture Stripping and P

othole

12

Content






13

Warm-Mix Asphalt (WMA) Technology

Definition

1 8 0 °C

1 6 0 °C

1 4 0 °C

1 2 0 °C

1 0 0 °C

8 0 °C

ProductionTemperature

ConstructionTemperature

ProductionTemperature

ConstructionTemperature

1 8 0 °C

1 6 0 °C

1 4 0 °C

1 2 0 °C

1 0 0 °C

8 0 °C

Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavement Warm-Mix Asphalt Pavement

By decreased production and compaction temperatures,

1)  Saving energy and reducing emissions 2)  Better workability and compaction quality 3)  Longer transport haul distance project 4)  Early traffic open

Warm-Mix Asphalt

14

LEADCAP WMA Technology in Korea

§  In 2013, KICT completed to develop the WMA technology fitted for road conditions in developed countries as like Korea, United States and European Countries.

§  Named “Low Energy and Low Carbon-Dioxide Asphalt Pavement (LEADCAP)”

§  Easy to reduce viscosity of bitumen to be compacted at warm temperature

15

Energy Saving

Energy Saving Energy Use

Fuel Reduction: 32%

The decreased production temperature leads to energy savings of 32%

16

Reducing Emission

Emission Reduction Emission

Nit

ric

Dio

xid

e (N

Ox)

,p

pm

Reduction: 32% Reduction: 18%

Reduction: 24% Reduction: 33%

17

Reduction of Traffic Open Time

Temperature vs. Time

WMA Pavement 5 hrs 20 min

HMA Pavement 7 hrs 30 min

Tem

per

atu

re (

C)

Time (min)

Temperature Monitoring

18

Implementation of LEADCAP WMA Technology in Foreign Counties

19

Content






20

Focus on Appropriate WMA Technology Customized for Developing Countries

§  Technical Transfer §  Localization

§  Climate (Rain, Low Temp.)

§  Heavy Traffic Loading §  Construction Conditio

n

§  Low Cost §  Sustainable §  Eco-Friendly

21

Challenges in Mongolia and Indonesia

Climate Traffic Lo

ading Construction

Temperatures

Temperature 26-32°C

Rainy Season

Traffic Loading

Quality Control and Quality Assurance

Hot Temperature and Repeated Raining Season

Heavy and High Traffic Volume

Producing, Paving and Compacting Temperatures

Low-Temperature and Cold Region

Needed for Paving Quality Management

22

Concept of Customized WMA-INA Technology for Climate and Road Conditions in Indonesia

SBS Polymer Modifier Rutting Resistance,

Elastic Recovery

WMA Additive

LEADCAP-INA Additive Moisture Susceptibility,

Temperature Management

Solid-Typed PWMA-INA

Climate Traffic Loading


Traffic Loading Workability and Compaction Quality

Hot Temperature and Repeated Raining Season



Polymer Modifier Sulfur

Indonesian Sulfur Stiffness and Strength I

mprovement

PWMA Additive

23

Concept of Customized WMA-MO Technology for Climate and Road Conditions in Mongolia

SBS Polymer Modifier Rutting and Low-Temperature Cracking Resistanc

e

WMA Additive

LEADCAP-MO Additive Temperature Managemen

t

Liquid-Typed PWMA-MO

Climate Traffic Loading


Traffic Loading Workability and Compaction Quality



Polymer Modifier Anti-Freezing Oil

Low-Temperature Cracking Resistance

PWMA Additive

Low-Temperature and Clod Region

24

Content






25

Cooperation with Government Research Institute (or Center) in Mongolia and Indonesia

ü  For developing and localizing PWMA technology in developing countries, KICT cooperated with RSRC (Mongolia) and IRE (Indonesia)

§  Safely share the technology with secret information §  Evaluate the technology without bias §  Easily implement the technology in local area §  Land the technology with government policy such as specification §  Localize more easy and fast

(IRE) Institute of Road Engineering

(RSRC) Road Supervision, Science and Research Center

26

Strategy Procedure of Developing and Localizing PWMA Technology in Mongolia and Indonesia

Step 1. Step 2. Step 3. Step 4.

27

Step 1. Development and Evaluation by KICT (Enhancing PG & Flexibility at Low Temperature)

Performance Grade

PG 58-28

PG 64-34

Russian Asphalt

PWMA-MO Asphalt

58

28 34

64

Low

Tem

p.

Hig

h Te

mp.

Flexibility

Forc

e (M

Pa )

Deformation (mm)

Cold Bending Test (-10C)

①

②

① Russian Asphalt

② PWMA-MO Asphalt

28

Step 1. Development and Evaluation by KICT (Improving Rutting and Stripping Resistance)

Stripping Resistance Rutting Resistance

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Ru

t D

epth

(mm

)

Number of Wheel Passes

u  Indonesian PMA u  PWMA-INA

29

Step 2. Validation by Developing Country (Satisfying Specification of PWMA-INA Bitumen)

60

55

Penetration (min. 40)

Pene

trat

ion

(dm

m)

50

350

250

Flash Point (min. 232)

Tem

pera

ture

(%

)

150

1,5000

1,000

Viscosity at 135℃ (max. 3,000)

Vis

cosi

ty (

cPs)

500

150

100

Ductility (min. 100)

Duc

tility

(cm

)

50

65

60

Softening Point (min. 54)

Tem

pera

ture

(℃

)

55

IRE Bitumen Plant

80

70

Elastic Recovery (min. 60)

Elas

tic R

ecov

ery

(%)

60

IRE Bitumen Plant

IRE Bitumen Plant

IRE Bitumen Plant

IRE Bitumen Plant

IRE Bitumen Plant

30

Step 2. Validation by Developing Country (Extension of Paving Construction Period in Cold Region)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavement

Warm-Mix Asphalt Pavement

Current Period of Road Construction in Mongolia (6 months)

Changed Period of Road Construction in Mongolia (7.5 months)

PWMA technology would extend asphalt paving construction period, about 2 months in Mongolia because PWMA mixtures are sti

ll workable and compactable at low temperatures.

Extended period of road construction will encourage to build more asphalt pavements in Mongolia

12

31

Step 3. Field Trials, Performance Monitoring and Promoting

Field Trials Monitoring Promotion

32

2012 2013, 2014

UKHAA KHUDAG – GASHUUN SUKHAIT

South Gobi Road

Ulaanbaatar City Road

Ulaanbaatar City Road

Project Site

Project Site

Project Site

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (Field Applications (Demo and Real Projects) of PWMA-MO Technology in Mongolia)

33

PWMA-MO Pavement Section (24 months later after construction)

Good Condition

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (Monitoring PWMA-MO Pavement in South Gobi Road (2012))

34

PWMA-MO Pavement Section (6 months later after construction)

Good Conditions

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (Monitoring PWMA-MO Pavement in Ulaanbaatar City Road (2013))

35

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (PWMA-MO Pavement Successfully Debut in Mongolia (2012))

36

WMA Test Section Field Performance

HMA WMA (Zeolite)

WMA (LEADCAP)

•  West Java (Subang) •  225m long and 6m wide •  Haul Distance (38km) (1 hour 15 minutes )

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (Built WMA Field Trial Section for Medium Traffic Volume Road in Indonesia (2012) and Its Monitoring)

37

PWMA-INA Field Trial l  Location : Jatibarang Ring Road

l  Haul Distance : 45km from AMP

l  Indonesian straight bitumen has been mixed with PWMA-INA additive and sulfur at bitumen plant in Cilacap (Central Java)

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (Built PWMA-INA Field Trial Section for Heavy Traffic Volume Road in Indonesia (2014))

38

Manufacturing PWMA-INA Bitumen

§  Local bitumen plant Indonesia blends the PWMA-INA bitumen and produces by themselves

Pouring PWMA-INA Additive and Sulfur into Feeder

Pouring PWMA-INA Bitumen into Drum

Step 3. Field Trial, Performance Monitoring and Promoting (Ready to Localize PWMA-INA Technology in Indonesian Paving Industry)

39

Step 4. Technology Transfer, Training and Localization

Technology Transfer Training Localization

40

Step 4. Technology Transfer, Training and Localization (Training and Technical Know-How Transfer)

41

Step 4. Technology Transfer, Training and Localization (Supporting with KICT Researchers)

42

Localization Model in Mongolia and Indonesia

Development KICT (Korea)

Validation KICT (Korea) IRE (Indonesia) RSRC (Mongolia)

Feasibility Field Trials Monitoring

Registration Patent Publication National Specification

Selection Private Company For Technology Transfer)

Training, Technical Know-How Transfer

Continuous Technical Support

Self Technical Support (Localization Completed)

43

Successful Localization is Very Hard and Time Consuming Work BUT It Is Worth the Effort and Time

Yongjoo Kim, Ph. D. Senior Researcher


([email protected])
