series 0800

SERIES 800 ROAD PAVEMENTS - (11/04) UNBOUND, CEMENT AND OTHER HYDRAULICALLY BOUND MIXTURES

ContentsClause Title Page

(11/04)Unbound Mixtures for Subbase801 (11/04)GeneralRequirementsfor UnboundMixtures 2

802 (11/04)Transport,Laying,Compaction andTraffickingofUnboundMixtures 4

803 (11/04)Type1UnboundMixtures 7

804 (11/04)Type2UnboundMixtures 8

805 (11/04)Type3(opengraded) UnboundMixtures 9

806 (11/04)CategoryB(closegraded) UnboundMixtures 9

807 (11/07)Type4(asphaltarisings) UnboundMixture 10

808and809(05/09)NotUsed 10

(05/09)Cement and Other Hydraulically Bound Mixtures810 (11/04)GeneralRequirementsfor CementandOtherHydraulically BoundMixtures 10

811 (05/09)BinderConstituents 11

812 (05/09)StorageofConstituents 12

813 (05/09)GeneralRequirementsfor ProductionandLayerConstruction 12

814 (05/09)Mix-in-PlantMethodof ConstructionUsingBatchingbyMass 15

815 (05/09)Mix-in-PlantMethodof ConstructionUsingVolumeBatching 15

816 (05/09)Mix-in-PlaceMethodof Construction 15

817 (05/09)MethodStatementand DemonstrationArea 15

818 (11/04)InducedCrackingofHBM 16

819 (05/09)NotUsed 16

820 (05/09)Aggregates 16

MANUAL OF CONTRACT DOCUMENTS FOR HIGHWAY WORKS VOLUME 1 SPECIFICATION FOR HIGHWAY WORKS

Amendment-November2009 1

Clause Title Page

821 (05/09)CementBoundGranular MixturesA(CBGMA) 17

822 (05/09)CementBoundGranular MixturesB(CBGMB) 17

823 (05/09)CementBoundGranular MixturesC(CBGMC) 18

824to829 (05/09)NotUsed 18

830 (05/09)FlyAshBoundMixture1 (FABM1)andHydraulicRoad BinderBoundMixture1(HRBBM1) 18

831 (05/09)SlagBoundMixtureB2 (SBMB2),FlyAshBound Mixture2(FABM2)and HydraulicRoadBinderBound Mixture2(HRBBM2) 18

832 (05/09)SlagBoundMixtureB3 (SBMB3),FlyAshBound Mixture3(FABM3)andHydraulic RoadBinderBoundMixture3 (HRBBM3) 19

833 (11/04)NotUsed 19

834 (11/04)FlyAshBoundMixture5 (FABM5) 19

835 (05/09)SlagBoundMixturesB1-1, B1-2,B1-3andB1-4(SBMB1) 19

836to839 (05/09)NotUsed 19

840 (05/09)SoilTreatedbyCement(SC), SoilTreatedbySlag(SS),Soil TreatedbyFlyAsh(SFA)andSoil TreatedbyHydraulicRoadBinder (SHRB) 20

841to869 (11/04)NotUsed 21

870 (05/09)Testing,ControlandChecking ofHBM 21

871 (05/09)Determinationofthe CoefficientofLinearExpansion 23

872to879 (05/09)NotUsed 24

880 (05/09)LaboratoryMixtureDesign Procedure 24

Volume1 Series800SpecificationforHighwayWorks RoadPavements-Unbound,CementandOtherHydraulicallyBoundMixtures

ROAD PAVEMENTS - (11/04) UNBOUND, CEMENT AND OTHER HYDRAULICALLY BOUND MIXTURES

(11/04) Unbound Mixtures for Subbase

801 (11/04) General Requirements for Unbound Mixtures

1 (11/04)UnboundmixturesshallbemadeandconstructedtoconformtoBSEN13285,the

requirementcategoriesinTable8/1andClauses802to806.ThepermittedalternativesforeachpartofthePermanentWorksshallbeasdescribedinAppendix7/1.


Table 8/1:(11/07)Mixture and Grading Requirement Categories for Unbound Mixtures

Unbound mixture Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 (open graded)

Category B (close graded)

Type 4 (asphalt arisings)

Clause 803 804 805 806 807Standard BSEN13285CategoriesforunboundmixturepropertiesMixture requirement category-Designation 0/31,5 0/31,5 0/40 0/31,5 0/31,5-Maximumfines UF9 UF9 UF5 UF9 UF9

-Oversize OC75 OC75 OC80 OC80 OC75

Grading requirement category-Overallgrading GP GE GO GB GP

2 (11/07)Unboundmixturesshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,oranyotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix7/1,ofconcrete,cementboundmaterials,othercementitiousmixturesorstabilisedcappingformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) (11/05)thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds1500mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) (11/09)theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.5%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4);or

(iii) (11/09)the2:1watertosoilextractpreparedforthedeterminationofwater-solublesulfatein(i)hasapHvalueoflessthan7.2,whentestedusingtheelectrometricmethodofpHdeterminationinaccordancewithBS1377-3.

(11/09)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWS,OSandpHvalue.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonine

resultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.

3 (11/07)Unboundmixturesshallnotbedepositedwithin500mm,oranyotherdistancesdescribedinAppendix7/1,ofmetallicstructuralelementsformingpartofthePermanentWorksif,whentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447either:

(i) (11/05)thewater-solublesulfate(WS)contentexceeds300mgofsulfate(asSO4)perlitre(TestNo.1);or

(ii) theoxidisablesulfides(OS)contentexceeds0.06%ofsulfate(asSO4)(TestNo.2andTestNo.4).

(11/05)AtleastfivesamplesofeachmaterialshallbetestedforWSandOS.Themeanofthehighesttwovaluesshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.Thisalsoappliesifsixtonineresultsareavailable.Iftenormoreresultsareavailable,themeanofthehighest20%oftheresultsshallbeusedforcomparisonwiththelimitingvalues.


Table 8/2:(05/09)Requirements for Aggregates Used in Unbound Mixtures

Unbound mixture Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 (opengraded)

Category B (closegraded)

Type 4 (asphaltarisings)

Clause 803 804 805 806 807Standard BSEN13242Categoriesforaggregateproperties

Crushed,orbrokenandtotallyroundedparticles-crushedrock,crushedartificialandcrushedrecycledaggregates-seeNOTE1-crushedgravel

C90/3

C50/10-seeNOTE2

C90/3

CNR(norequirement)

C90/3

Notpermitted

C90/3

Notpermitted

Resistancetofragmentation-LosAngelestest

LA50 LA50 LA40-seeNOTE3

LA50

Resistancetowear-micro-Devaltest

MDENR(norequirement).Thesuppliershallstatethevaluefortheaggregateused.

Resistancetofreezingandthawingmagnesiumsulfatesoundness

MS35

Waterabsorption WA24NR(norequirement).Thesuppliershallstatethevaluefortheaggregateused.

Volumestabilityofblastfurnaceslags

Freefromdicalciumsilicateandirondisintegration.

Volumestabilityofsteel(BOFandEAF)slags

V5 Notpermitted V5

AllotherBSEN13242aggregaterequirements

CategoryNR(norequirement).

NOTES:1.BSEN13242assumesthatcrushedrockaggregatescomplywithcategoryC90/3withoutfurthertesting.2.WherepermittedbyAppendix7/1.3.Seesub-Clauses805.3and806.3foradditionalrequirements.


(11/07)Therequirementsin(i)and(ii)aboveshallnotapplytometallicitemsprotectedbyconcreteandancillarymetallicitemssuchasthetopsofchambersandgullies.4 ThepropertiesofaggregatesusedinunboundmixturesshallcomplywiththeselectedrequirementsofBSEN13242listedinTable8/2.

5 (11/07)WhererecycledcoarseaggregateorrecycledconcreteaggregateisusedinunboundmixturesinaccordancewithClauses802to807asappropriate,itshallhavebeentestedinaccordancewithClause710.RecycledcoarseaggregateandrecycledconcreteaggregateusedinunboundmixturesinaccordancewithClauses803,804and807shallalsocomplywiththeadditionalrequirementsofTable8/3.

TABLE 8/3:(11/09)Additional Requirements for Recycled Coarse Aggregate and Recycled Concrete Aggregate Used in Type 1, Type 2 and Type 4 Unbound Mixtures

Unbound Mixture Type 1 Type 2 Type 4 (asphalt arisings)

Component Identified by Clause 710

Maximum Permitted Content (%bymass)

Asphalt(ClassRa) 50 50 100Glass(ClassRg) 25Othermaterials(ClassX),includingwood,plasticandmetal

1


6 (11/04)WhenrequiredbyAppendix7/1andClauses803and804asappropriate,theunboundmixtureshallsatisfytheminimumCBRrequirementofAppendix7/1whentestedinaccordancewithclause7ofBS1377-4,withsurchargediscs.Thespecimensshallbetestedinasoakedcondition.Themixtureshallbetestedatthedensityandmoisturecontentlikelytodevelopinequilibriumfieldconditionswhichshallbetakenasbeingthedensityrelatingtotheuniformairvoidscontentof5%andthevalueofoptimumwatercontentdeclaredwhentestedasrequiredbyBSEN13285.

Frost Heave

7 SubjecttothetolerancesgiveninTable7/1andunlessotherwisestatedinAppendix7/1,materialshallnotbefrostsusceptibleifitisusedwithin450mmofthedesignedfinalsurfaceofaroadorpavedcentralreserve,or350mmiftheMeanAnnualFrostIndex(MAFI)ofthesiteislessthan50.

8 (11/09)Materialshallbeclassifiedasnon-frost-susceptibleifthemeanheaveis15mmorless,whentestedinaccordancewithBS812-124.ComparatorspecimensinaccordancewithAnnexBofBS812-124shallbeused.

802 (11/04) Transport, Laying, Compaction and Trafficking of Unbound Mixtures

Transporting

1 (11/04)Unboundmixturesshallbeprotectedfromdryingoutandsegregationbothduringtransittothepointwhereitistobelaidandwhilstawaitingtipping.

Laying

2 UnboundmixturesinafrozenconditionshallnotbeincorporatedintheWorksbutmaybeused,ifacceptable,whenthawed.Unboundmixturesshallnotbelaidonanysurfacewhichisfrozenorcoveredwithice.

3 Allunboundmixturesshallbeplacedandspreadevenly.Spreadingshallbeundertakeneitherconcurrentlywithplacingorwithoutdelay.Unboundmixturesshallbespreadusingapavingmachineorasuitablespreaderboxandoperatedwithamechanismwhichlevelsoffthematerialtoanevendepth.

4 ExceptwhereotherwisestatedinAppendix7/1,materialupto225mmcompactedthicknessshallbespreadinonelayersothataftercompactionthetotalthicknessisasspecified.Materialofcompactedthicknessgreaterthan225mmshallbelaidintwoormorelayersandtheminimumcompactedthicknessofanysuchlayershallbe110mm.Wherethelayersof

unboundmixturesareofunequalthickness,thelowestlayershallbethethickestlayer.

Compaction

5 Compactionshallbecompletedassoonaspossibleafterthemixturehasbeenspreadandinaccordancewiththerequirementsfortheindividualmixtures.

6 Fullcompactionshallbeobtainedoverthefullareaincludinginthevicinityofbothlongitudinalandtransversejoints.

7 CompactionofunboundmixturesshallbecarriedoutbyamethodspecifiedinTable8/4,unlesstheContractordemonstratesatsitetrialsthatastateofcompactionachievedbyanalternativemethodisequivalenttoorbetterthanthatusingthespecifiedmethod.

8 Thesurfaceofanylayerofmaterialshalloncompletionofcompactionandimmediatelybeforeoverlaying,bewellclosed,freefrommovementunderconstructionplantandfromridges,cracks,loosematerial,potholes,rutsorotherdefects.Allloose,segregatedorotherwisedefectiveareasshallberemovedtothefullthicknessofthelayer,andnewmateriallaidandcompacted.

9 ForthepurposesofTable8/4thefollowingshallapply:

(i) Thenumberofpassesisthenumberoftimesthateachpointonthesurfaceofthelayerbeingcompactedshallbetraversedbytheitemofcompactionplantinitsoperatingmode(orstruck,inthecaseofpowerrammers).

(ii) ThecompactionplantinTable8/4iscategorisedintermsofstaticmass.Themasspermetrewidthofrollisthetotalmassontherolldividedbythetotalrollwidth.Whereasmooth-wheeledrollerhasmorethanoneaxle,thecategoryofthemachineshallbedeterminedonthebasisoftheaxlegivingthehighestvalueofmasspermetrewidth.

(iii) Forpneumatic-tyredrollersthemassperwheelisthetotalmassoftherollerdividedbythenumberofwheels.Inassessingthenumberofpassesofpneumatic-tyredrollerstheeffectivewidthshallbethesumofthewidthsoftheindividualwheeltrackstogetherwiththesumofthespacingsbetweenthewheeltracksprovidedthateachspacingdoesnotexceed230mm.Wherethespacingsexceed230mmtheeffectivewidthshallbethesumofthewidthsoftheindividualwheeltracksonly.



(iv) Vibratoryrollersareself-propelledortowedsmooth-wheeledrollershavingmeansofapplyingmechanicalvibrationtooneormorerolls:

(a) Therequirementsforvibratoryrollersarebasedontheuseofthelowestgearonaself-propelledmachinewithmechanicaltransmissionandaspeedof1.5-2.5km/hforatowedmachineoraself-propelledmachinewithhydrostatictransmission.Ifhighergearsorspeedsareusedanincreasednumberofpassesshallbeprovidedinproportiontotheincreaseinspeedoftravel.

(b) Wherethemechanicalvibrationisappliedtotworollsintandem,theminimumnumberofpassesshallbehalfthenumbergiveninTable8/4fortheappropriatemasspermetrewidthofonevibratingrollbutifonerolldiffersinmasspermetrewidthfromtheother,thenumberofpassesshallbecalculatedasfortherollwiththesmallervalue.Alternativelytheminimumnumberofpassesmaybedeterminedbytreatingthemachineashavingasinglevibratingrollwithamasspermetrewidthequaltothatoftherollwiththehighervalue.

(c) Vibratoryrollersoperatingwithoutvibrationshallbeclassifiedassmooth-wheeledrollers.

(d) Vibratoryrollersshallbeoperatedwiththeirvibratorymechanismoperatingatthefrequencyofvibrationrecommendedbythemanufacturer.Allsuchrollersshallbeequipped,orprovidedwithdevicesindicatingthefrequencyatwhichthemechanismisoperatingandthespeedoftravel.Bothdevicesshallbecapableofbeingreadbyaninspectoralongsidethemachine.

(v) Vibrating-platecompactorsaremachineshavingabase-platetowhichisattachedasourceofvibrationconsistingofoneortwoeccentrically-weightedshafts:

(a) Themasspersquaremetreofbase-plateofavibrating-platecompactoriscalculatedbydividingthetotalmassofthemachineinitsworkingconditionbyitsareaincontactwithcompactedmaterial.

(b) Vibrating-platecompactorsshallbeoperatedatthefrequencyofvibrationrecommendedbythemanufacturer.Theyshallnormallybeoperatedattravellingspeedsoflessthan1km/hbutifhigherspeedsarenecessary,thenumberofpassesshallbeincreasedinproportiontotheincreaseinspeedoftravel.

(vi) Vibro-tampersaremachinesinwhichanenginedrivenreciprocatingmechanismactsonaspringsystem,throughwhichoscillationsaresetupinabase-plate.

(vii) Powerrammersaremachineswhichareactuatedbyexplosionsinaninternalcombustioncylinder;eachexplosionbeingcontrolledmanuallybytheoperator.Onepassofapowerrammershallbeconsideredtohavebeenmadewhenthecompactingshoehasmadeonestrikeontheareainquestion.

(viii) Combinationsofdifferenttypesofplantordifferentcategoriesofthesameplantwillbepermitted;inwhichcasethenumberofpassesforeachshallbesuchproportionoftheappropriatenumberinTable8/4aswilltogetherproducethesametotalcompactiveeffortasanyoneoperatedsingly,inaccordancewithTable8/4.



TABLE 8/4:(11/04)Compaction Requirements for Unbound Mixtures

Type of CompactionPlant Category Number of passes for layers not exceeding the following compacted thicknesses:110 mm 150 mm 225 mm

Smooth-wheeledroller(orvibratoryrolleroperatingwithoutvibration)

Masspermetrewidthofroll:over2700kgupto5400kgover5400g

168

unsuitable16

unsuitableunsuitable

Pneumatic-tyredroller Massperwheel:over4000kgupto6000kgover6000kgupto8000kgover8000kgupto12000kgover12000kg

1212108

unsuitableunsuitable1612

unsuitableunsuitableunsuitableunsuitable

Vibratoryroller Masspermetrewidthofvibratingroll:over700kgupto1300kgover1300kgupto1800kgover1800kgupto2300kgover2300kgupto2900kgover2900kgupto3600kgover3600kgupto4300kgover4300kgupto5000kgover5000kg

166433222

unsuitable16655443


Vibrating-platecompactor Masspersquaremetreofbaseplate:over1400kg/m²upto1800kg/m²over1800kg/m²upto2100kg/m²over2100kg/m²

853

unsuitable86


Vibro-tamper Mass:over50kgupto65kgover65kgupto75kgover75kg

432

864

unsuitable108

Powerrammer Mass:100kg-500kgover500kg

55

88

unsuitable12


Use of Surfaces by Construction Plant and Other Traffic

10 Constructionplantandothertrafficusedonpavementsunderconstructionshallbesuitableinrelationtothematerial,conditionandthicknessofthecoursesittraversessothatdamageisnotcausedtothesubgradeorthepavementcoursesalreadyconstructed.Thewheelsortracksofplantmovingoverthevariouspavementcoursesshallbekeptfreefromdeleteriousmaterials.

11 (11/04)WheretheContractorproposestousetheunboundmixturelayersforconstructionplantheshallimprovetheselayerswherenecessary,toaccommodatethemethodofconstructionandthetypeofplantandvehicleswhichheproposestouse,inordertoavoiddamagetothelaidlayer(s),anycappingandthesubgrade.Anypermanentthickeningshallbeacrossthewholewidthofthepavement.Temporarythickeningshallnotimpededrainageofanylayerorthesubgrade.

Trafficking Trial

12 WhenrequiredbyAppendix7/1,theContractorshallundertakeaTraffickingTrialincorporatingtheunboundmixtureproposedforuseinthePermanentWorks.Atrialareashallbeconstructed,traffickedandassessedinaccordancewiththeproceduredescribedinsub-Clauses13to18ofthisClause.Themeanverticaldeformationafter1000equivalentstandardaxlesshallbelessthan30mmwhenmeasuredinaccordancewiththeprocedurestatedinsub-Clause17ofthisClause.

ProposalsfortraffickingtrialsshallbesubmittedtotheOverseeingOrganisationforreviewandacceptancefivedaysinadvanceofconstruction.

Trial Procedure

13 ThetrialareashallbelocatedonaformationpreparedinaccordancewiththeSpecification.ThetrialareamaybelocatedsothatitcanbeincorporatedwithinthePermanentWorksiftheresistancetowheel


trackruttingisdemonstratedtocomplywithsub-Clause12ofthisClause.

14 (11/04)Thetrialareashallbeatleast60mlong,andofsufficientwidththatwhentrafficked,thewheelpathsofthetestvehicleshallbeatleast1mfromeitheredgeofthetopoftheunboundmixturelayer.TheunboundmixturelayershallbecompactedtothethicknessspecifiedinAppendix7/1.Theformationshallextendforafurther1meithersideoftheunboundmixturelayer.

15 Asufficientrunoff/runonareashallbeconstructedateachendofthetrialareaofthesamewidth,andcompactedtothesamelevel,asthetrialarea,toensurecorrecttrackingbythetestvehicleandminimisedynamiceffectsofthevehiclebouncingonitssprings.Suitableguidanceshallbegiventoassistthedriverinmaintainingthesametrackineachpassandtoachievechannelledtrafficking.Examplesofsuitableguideswouldbeastringorpaintedline.

Mixtures

16 (11/04)Theunboundmixtureusedinthetrialshallbetransported,laidandcompactedusingtheequipmentproposedforuseintheWorks.

17 Maximumverticaldeformationshallbemeasuredinbothwheeltracksusingopticalorlaserlevelsatpre-determinedmonitoringpointsonfivetransverse

linesspacedequallyalongthelengthofthetrialbay.Thetransverselinesattheendsofthetrialareashallbeatleast5mfromtherunoff/runonareas.Theaveragedeformationofthetwowheeltracksafter1000standardaxlesshallberecorded.

Reporting and Acceptance of Trafficking Trial Area

18 TheContractorshallprovidetheOverseeingOrganisation,foracceptance,withareportontheTraffickingTrial,statinghowtheuseoftheunboundmixturewasvalidated.ThemainconstructionofthePermanentWorksshallnotstartuntiltheTraffickingTrialareahasbeenacceptedbytheOverseeingOrganisationwithintwoworkingdaysofreceivingtheTraffickingTrialareareport.

803 (11/04) Type 1 Unbound Mixtures

1 (11/04)Type1unboundmixtureshallbemadefromcrushedrock,crushedslag,crushedconcrete,recycledaggregatesorwellburntnon-plasticshaleandmaycontainupto10%bymassofnaturalsandthatpassesthe4mmtestsieve.WherepermittedbyAppendix7/1,crushedgravelcomplyingwithsub-Clause803.7maybeused.

2 ThemixtureshallcomplywithBSEN13285andtherequirementsofTable8/1.ThegradingrequirementsforthemixturearesummarisedinTable8/5.


Table 8/5:(11/07)Summary Grading Requirements for Type 1 and Type 4 Unbound Mixtures

Percentage by mass passingSieve size, mm Overall grading range Supplier declared value

grading rangeTolerance on the suppler

declared value63 10031.5 75-9916 43-81 54-72 ±158 23-66 33-52 ±154 12-53 21-38 ±152 6-42 14-27 ±131 3-32 9-20 ±10

0.063 0-9Gradingofindividualbatches-differencesinvaluespassingselectedsieves

Retainedsievesize,mm Passingsievesize,mm PercentagebymasspassingNotlessthan Notmorethan

8 16 7 304 8 7 30


3 ThepropertiesofaggregatesusedinthemixtureshallbeinaccordancewithBSEN13242andtherequirementsofTable8/2.

4 (11/04)Thesizefractionoftheunboundmixturepassingthe0.425mmsizetestsieveshallbenon-plasticasdefinedbyBS1377-2andtestedincompliancetherewith.

5 Wherethemixturecontainsrecycledcoarseaggregateorrecycledconcreteaggregate,itshallcomplywithsub-Clause801.5.

6 Themixtureshallbetransported,laidandcompactedwithoutdryingoutorsegregation.

Additional Requirements for Mixtures Containing Crushed Gravel

7 ForthepurposesofthisClause,gravelisdefinedasaggregatederivedfromanatural,unconsolidated,coarse-grainedsedimentarydepositconsistingofwater-wornrockfragments.Crushedgravelaggregateshallbederivedfromnaturalcobblesretainedonthe63mmtest


sieveandcomplywiththecrushed,brokenandtotallyroundedparticlesrequirementinTable8/2.

8 WhererequiredbyAppendix7/1,mixturescontainingcrushedgravelcoarseaggregateshallcomplywiththeminimumCBRrequirementinsub-Clause801.6.WhererequiredbyAppendix7/1,mixturescontainingcrushedgravelcoarseaggregateshallbeassessedusingatraffickingtrialcomplyingwithsub-Clause802.12.

804 (11/04) Type 2 Unbound Mixtures

1 (11/07)Type2unboundmixtureshallbemadefromnaturalsands,gravels,crushedrock,crushedslag,crushedconcrete,recycledaggregatesorwellburntnon-plasticshale.


Table 8/6:(11/04)Summary Grading Requirements for Type 2 Unbound Mixtures


grading rangeTolerance on the suppler

declared value63 10031.5 75-9916 50-908 30-75 Norequirement Norequirement4 15-601 0-35

0.063 0-9Gradingofindividualbatches-differencesinvaluespassingselectedsieves

Retainedsievesize,mm Passingsievesize,mm PercentagebymasspassingNotlessthan Notmorethan

8 16 5 354 8 5 35

3 ThepropertiesofaggregatesusedinthemixtureshallbeinaccordancewithBSEN13242andtherequirementsofTable8/2.

4 (11/04)Thesizefractionoftheunboundmixturepassingthe0.425mmsizetestsievewhentestedincompliancewithBS1377-2shallhaveaplasticityindexoflessthan6.

5 Wherethemixturecontainsrecycledcoarseaggregateorrecycledconcreteaggregate,itshallcomplywithsub-Clause801.5.

6 WhererequiredbyAppendix7/1,themixtureshallsatisfytheminimumCBRrequirementwhentestedinaccordancewithsub-Clause801.6.


7 Themixtureshallbetransported,laidandcompactedwithoutdryingoutorsegregation,atamoisturecontentwithintherange1%aboveto2%belowthedeclaredvalueofoptimumwatercontentwhentestedasrequiredbyBSEN13285.

805 (11/04) Type 3 (open graded) Unbound Mixtures

1 (11/09)Type3(opengraded)unboundmixtureshallbemadefromcrushedrock,crushedblastfurnaceslagorrecycledconcreteaggregate.WhentestedinaccordancewithClause710,recycledconcreteaggregateusedinType3(opengraded)unboundmixturesshallnotcontainmorethan5%asphalt(ClassRa)andnotmorethan1%othermaterials(ClassX).


3 ThepropertiesofaggregatesusedinthemixtureshallbeinaccordancewithBSEN13242andtherequirementsofTable8/2.EvidenceofsatisfactoryperformanceinsimilarmixturesshallbeprovidedwhenaggregateswithavalueofLosAngelescoefficientgreaterthan30areused.




Table 8/7: (11/04)Summary Grading Requirements for Type 3 (open graded) Unbound Mixtures


grading range

Tolerance on the suppler

declared value80 10040 80-9920 50-78 58-70 ±810 31-60 39-51 ±84 18-46 26-38 ±82 10-35 17-28 ±71 6-26 11-21 ±5

0.500 0-20 5-15 ±50.063 0-5

Gradingofindividualbatches-differencesinvaluespassingselectedsievesRetainedsievesize,mm Passingsievesize,mm Percentagebymasspassing

Notlessthan Notmorethan10 20 10 254 10 10 252 4 7 201 2 4 15

806 (11/04) Category B (close graded) Unbound Mixtures

1 (11/09)CategoryB(closegraded)unboundmixtureshallbemadefromcrushedrock,crushedblastfurnaceslagorrecycledconcreteaggregate.WhentestedinaccordancewithClause710,recycledconcreteaggregateusedinCategoryB(closegraded)unboundmixturesshallnotcontainmorethan5%asphalt

(ClassRa)andnotmorethan1%othermaterials(ClassX).



Table 8/8:(11/04)Summary Grading Requirements for Category B (close graded) Unbound Mixtures

Percentage by mass passingSieve size,

mmOverall grading range

Supplier declared

value grading range

Tolerance on the suppler

declared value

6331.5168421

0.5000.063

10080-9955-8535-6822-6016-479-405-350-9

63-7743-6030-5223-4014-3510-30

±8±8±8±7±5±5

Gradingofindividualbatches-differencesinvaluespassingselectedsieves

Retainedsievesize,mm

Passingsievesize,mm

PercentagebymasspassingNotlessthan Notmorethan

8421

16842

101074

25252015

3 ThepropertiesofaggregatesusedinthemixtureshallbeinaccordancewithBSEN13242andtherequirementsofTable8/2.EvidenceofsatisfactoryperformanceinsimilarmixturesshallbeprovidedwhenaggregateswithavalueofLosAngelescoefficientgreaterthan30areused.

4 Thesizefractionoftheunboundmixturepassingthe0.425mmsizetestsieveshallbenon-plasticasdefinedbyBS1377-2andtestedincompliancetherewith.


807 (11/07) Type 4 (asphalt arisings) Unbound Mixtures

1 (11/07)Type4unboundmixtureshallbemadefromrecycledaggregatescontainingasphaltarisings,andmaycontaincrushedrock,crushedslag,crushedconcreteorwellburntnon-plasticshaleandupto10%bymassofnaturalsandthatpassesthe4mmsizetestsieve.

2 (11/07)Asphaltarisingsshallbeeitherasphaltroadplaningsorgranulatedasphalt,butexcludingmaterialscontainingtarortar-bitumenbinders.Asphaltplaningsaredefinedasmaterialsderivedfromtheasphaltlayersofthepavementusingamobilemachinefittedwith

millingcutters.Granulatedasphaltisdefinedasasphaltboundmaterialrecycledfromroadsunderreconstructionorsurplusasphaltmaterialdestinedforboundpavementlayers,butunused,whichhasbeengranulated.

3 (11/09)Type4unboundmixtureshallhaveanasphalt(ClassRa)contentgreaterthan50%whentestedinaccordancewithClause710,andtherecoveredbitumencontentoftheasphaltshallbenotmorethan10%whentestedinaccordancewithBS598102.

4 (11/07)Type4unboundmixtureshallcomplywithBSEN13285andtherequirementsofTable8/1.ThegradingrequirementsforthemixturearesummarisedinTable8/5.

5 (11/07)ThepropertiesofaggregatesusedinthemixtureshallbeinaccordancewithBSEN13242andtherequirementsofTable8/2.


7 (11/07)Wherethemixturecontainsrecycledcoarseaggregateorrecycledconcreteaggregate,itshallcomplywithsub-Clause801.5.

8 (11/07)Themixtureshallbetransported,laidandcompactedwithoutdryingoutorsegregation,atamoisturecontentwithintherange1%aboveto2%belowthedeclaredvalueofoptimumwatercontentwhentestedasrequiredbyBSEN13285.Themoisturecontentshallbedeterminedbyovendryingatareducedtemperaturesettingof45ºCto50ºC.

9 (11/07)WhererequiredbyAppendix7/1,Type4unboundmixturesshallbeassessedusingatraffickingtrialcomplyingwithsub-Clause802.12.

808 and 809 (05/09) Not Used

(05/09)Cement and Other Hydraulically Bound Mixtures

810 (11/04) General Requirements for Cement and Other Hydraulically Bound Mixtures

1 (05/09) Cementandotherhydraulicallyboundmixtures(HBM)shallbeproduced,constructedandtestedinaccordancewiththefollowingClauses.ThepermittedalternativesforeachpartoftheWorksshallbeasdescribedinAppendix7/1.

2 (05/09) Attributesshallbedeemedtohavea‘Norequirement’classificationunlessstatedotherwise.



3 (05/09) ThetermslistedbelowshallapplytotheHBMClausesofthisspecification:

ASS aircooledsteelslag

CBGM cementboundgranularmixture

CBR Californiabearingratio

CFA cementtreatedflyash

E modulusofelasticity

FA flyash(alsoknownas‘pulverizedfuel ash’)

FABM flyashboundmixture

Gvxx volumetricexpansioncategory

GBS granulatedblastfurnaceslag

ggbs groundgranulatedblastfurnaceslag

HBM hydraulicallyboundmixture

HRB hydraulicroadbinder(factoryblended hydraulicbinderforroaduse)

HRBBM ‘hydraulicroadbinder’boundmixture

IBI immediatebearingindex

Immxx immersioncategory

IPIxx immediatebearingindexcategory

LA LosAngelescoefficient

LFA limetreatedflyash

MCV moistureconditionvalue

NR norequirement

OWC optimumwatercontent

PTR Pneumatictyredroller

Pulvxx pulverisationcategory

Rc compressivestrength

Rt directtensilestrength

Rit indirecttensilestrength

Rt,E methodofperformanceclassificationbased onthecombinationRtandE.Classesof Rt,EaredesignatedT0toT5,in BSEN14227,whereTdesignatesRt,Eand thenumberindicatestheperformanceclass

SBM slagboundmixture

SC soiltreatedbycement

SFA soiltreatedbyflyash

SHRB soiltreatedbyhydraulicroadbinder

SS soiltreatedbyslag

t time(hours)atconstanttemperaturein definingmaturityforcalculatingthe constructionperiod

TºC ambientairtemperatureindefining maturityforcalculatingconstruction period

Wxx watercontentcategory

4 (05/09) HBMshallbetestedinaccordancewithClause870andthetestmethodsspecifiedinthefollowingClauses.

5 (05/09)Beforeworkcommences,theContractorshallsubmitastatementtotheOverseeingOrganisationthatincludes:

i. Theinformationdetailedinthe‘DesignationandDescription’clauseoftherelevantBSENStandardforthespecifiedHBM,confirmingcompliancewiththerequirementsofthisSeriesandAppendix7/1.

ii. Targetproportionsofconstituents,includingwater.

iii. Mixturedesigndetailsandresults,inaccordancewithClause880.

iv. Methodstatementforthedemonstrationareaandthemainworks,inaccordancewithClause817.

6 (05/09)WhenrequiredbyAppendix7/1,thecoefficientoflinearexpansionofthemixtureshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithClause871.

811 (05/09) Binder Constituents

1 (05/09)BinderconstituentsshallcomplywithBSEN14227exceptthat,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation:

i. flyashshallbesiliceousflyashcomplyingwithBSEN14227-4;

ii. quicklimeshallcomplywithBSEN14227-11andhaveagradingthatcomplieswithparticlesizeCategory1.

2 (05/09)ThebindercontentshallcomplywithTable8/9,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.ThemixtureproportionsusedforproductionshallbebasedonalaboratorymixturedesignprocedureinaccordancewithClause880.



TABLE 8/9: (05/09) Minimum Binder or Binder Constituent Additions for HBM

Binder or binder constituent

Application Minimum addition for mix-in-plant method of construction using batching by mass (by dry mass of mixture)

Minimum addition for mix-in-plant method of construction using volume batching and for mix-in-place construction (by dry mass of mixture)

Lime(quicklimeorhydratedlime)

whenusedwithanotherbinderconstituent

1.5% 2%

whenusedastheonlybinderinFABM5

3% 4%

Cement whenusedwithanotherbinderconstituent

2% 3%

whenusedastheonlybinderconstituentinCBGM

TheappropriatevaluefromBSEN14227-1,Table1

1%+(theappropriatevaluefromBSEN14227-1,Table1)

whenusedastheonlybinderconstituentinsoiltreatedbycement(SC)

3% 4%

Groundgranulatedblastfurnaceslag(ggbs)

whenusedwithcement 2% 3%whenusedwithlime 3% 4%

Air-cooledsteelslag(ASS)

whenusedwithGBS(seeNote)

2.5% 3%

Dryflyash(FA) whenusedwithcement 4% 5%whenusedwithlime 5% 6%

Granulatedblastfurnaceslag(GBS)

whenusedwithlime 6% 8%whenusedwithASS(seeNote)

2.5% 3%

Wet(conditioned)flyash(FA)

Allapplications 6% 8%

Hydraulicroadbinder Allapplications 3% 4%NOTE:WhenGBSandASSareusedincombination,thesumofthetwoshallbenotlessthan11%.


812 (05/09) Storage of Constituents

1 (05/09) Aggregatesshallbestoredonafirmandcleansubstrateavoidingcontaminationwithotherconstituents.Fineaggregateshallbestoredattheproductionlocationforatleast24hoursbeforeuse.

2 (05/09) Lime,cement,ggbs,HRBanddryFAshallbestoredinsilos.

3 (05/09)Wet(conditioned)FAshallhavenoagglomerationsgreaterthan10mmsize.Thisshallbedeterminedbysievingsamplesthrougha10mmsizetestsieveusingnotmorethan10secondsofgentleagitationbyhand.Wet(conditioned)flyashshallbestoredatthesourceorattheproductionlocationforat

least72hoursbeforeuse,andhaveaminimumwatercontentof10%.

4 (05/09) GBSandASSshallbestoredasspecifiedinsub-Clause812.1andusedwithin3monthsofdeliverytotheproductionlocation.

813 (05/09) General Requirements for Production and Layer Construction

1 (05/09) HBMshallbeproducedandlaidusingoneofthefollowingmethods,asspecifiedinthefollowingmixtureClauses:

(i) mix-in-plantmethodofconstructionusingbatchingbymass,inaccordancewithClause814;


(ii) mix-in-plantmethodofconstructionusingvolumebatching,inaccordancewithClause815;

(iii) mix-in-placemethodofconstruction,inaccordancewithClause816.

2 (05/09)Constructionoflayers,includingmultipleliftlayers,andanyreworkingandreuse,shallbecompletedwithinthelesserof8hours,theconstructionperiod

specifiedinTable8/10orthemixturesettingtime.ThetimeshallbemeasuredfromtheadditioneventdefinedinTable8/10tocompletionofcompaction.

3 (05/09)Theconstructionperiod,indegreehours,shallbethesummationoftheproductsoftheaverageairtemperatureabove3ºC(TºC)andtimeforeachperiod(thours):i.e.constructionperiodlimit=Σ(T.t).Theairtemperatureduringtheinterval,t,shallnotfluctuatebymorethan4ºC.


TABLE 8/10: (05/09) Construction Period for HBM Layers

Binder Addition event defining the start time for calculating maximum construction period

Maximum construction period (ºC hours)

Cement,cementwithFAorcementwithggbs

Additionofcement 35

LimewithGBSorFA Additionoflime 1,600LimeandgypsumforFABM5 Additionoflimeandgypsum 70GBS+ASS AdditionofASSandGBS 3,000Limewithggbs Additionofggbs 200ifggbsaddedafterlime

1,600ifggbsaddedbeforelimeHRB AdditionofHRB WorkabilityPeriodat20°C

determinedinaccordancewithBSEN13286-45multipliedby17

4 (05/09)Mixturesusedinbaselayersshallbebatchedbymassandpaverlaidinasinglelift.Constructionofbasesbyothermethodsshallonlybepermittedinconfinedspaceswhereitisimpracticableforapavertooperate,whenagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.

5 (05/09)Whenquicklimeisused,fullhydrationshallbecompletepriortofinalcompaction.

6 (05/09)Layingshallbecarriedoutinawaythatavoidssegregationanddryingofthesurface.Thetemporaryintermediatesurfaceswithinamultipleliftlayershallbesprayedwithwatertopreventsurfacedrying.

7 (05/09)Theminimumcompactedliftthicknessinamultipleliftlayershallbe150mm.

8 (05/09)Making-upoflevelafterinitialcompactionshallnotbepermittedforsingleliftworkingortheuppermostliftofmultipleliftworking.

9 (05/09)TheedgeofpreviouslycompactedHBMorothermaterialshallbeverticalandstraightbeforefreshHBMislaidagainstit.

10 (05/09)CompactionofHBMlayers,includingtheintermediateliftsofmultipleliftworking,shallbecompletedwithoutdryingoutandbeforesettingofany

partofthelayerandshallmeettherequirementsfordensityinclause870.

11 (05/09)CompactionofHBM,otherthanFABM5,shallbecarriedoutbyvibratingrollerand/orpneumatic-tyredroller(PTR).WherevibratingrollercompactionisusedonmixturesspecifiedinClauses830to835itshallbefollowedbyatleast8passesofaPTRwithawheelloadingofnotlessthan30kN.OnlyPTRcompactionwithawheelloadingofnotlessthan30kNshallbeappliedtoFABM5.

12 (05/09)Oncompletionofcompactionthesurfaceshallbeclosed,freefromridges,cracks,loosematerial,visiblevoids,ruts,shearplanesandotherdefects.Alldefectiveareasshallberectifiedwithinthetimeperiodspecifiedinsub-Clause813.2.Ifrectificationisnotcompletedwithinthespecifiedtimeperiod,thedefectiveareashallberemovedtothefullthicknessofthelayer,andnewmixturelaidandcompacted.

(05/09)Cold and Wet Weather Working

13 (05/09)Duringcoldweather:

(i) thetemperatureofHBMshallnotbelessthan5ºCatthetimeoflaying;


(ii) HBMshallnotbelaidonafrozensurface;

(iii) layingofHBMshallceasewhentheairtemperaturefallsbelow3ºC,andlayingshallnotberesumeduntiltherisingairtemperaturereaches3ºC;

(iv) thelayingofHBMusingbinderscontaininglessthan3%ofCEM1cement,bydrymassofmixture,shallberestrictedinusetotheperiodfrom1Mayto30September,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.

14 (05/09)Inthecaseofheavyorpersistentrain,productionshallceaseandanylaidmaterialshallbecompactedimmediately.

(05/09)Curing, Protection and Trafficking

15 (05/09)Oncompletionofcompactionthelayershallbecuredtopreventlossofmoistureby:


(i) applicationofabitumenemulsionspraycomplyingwithClassC40B4,asspecifiedintheNationalForewordtoBSEN13808toproduceanevenandcompletecoverageofatleast0.2kg/m2ofresidualbitumen.Beforesprayingcommences,thesurfaceshallbefreeofallloosematerialandstandingwater.Thecuringmembraneshallbeprotectedfromanydamageuntiltheconstructionoftheoverlayinglayer;

(ii) applicationofamist/fog/lightsprayofwater,sufficienttokeepthesurfacecontinuouslywetuntilthespecifiedstrengthoftheHBMhasbeendevelopedorthelayerisoverlaid.

16 (05/09)TraffickingofHBMlayersshallcomplywiththerequirementssetoutinTable8/11andsub-Clause813.17.ShouldanyHBMlayerexhibitsignsofdamage,traffickingshallceaseimmediatelyandshallonlyberesumedoncethelayerhasgainedsufficientstabilitytoresistdamage.

(05/09)TABLE 8/11: Trafficking of HBM Layers

HBM Designation Clause reference TraffickingCBGM 821,822and823 Sub-Clause813.17.HBM 830,831,and835 Notrestricted.

832 NotrestrictedprovidedthattheIBIrequirementofsub-Clause832.6issatisfied.

FABM5withcement 834 Notpermittedfor7daysunlessoverlaidbyatleast150mmofboundmaterialwithintheconstructionperiod.

FABM5withlime 834 Onlytheminimumamountoftrafficrequiredtoconstructthenextlayerispermitted.

SC,SS,SHRBandSFA 840 NotrestrictedprovidedthattheIBIrequirementsofTable8/13aresatisfied.

Formixturescontainingcohesivesoilorchalk,thetestspecimensmadeatthesametimeasthespecimensrequiredinClause870butcuredunderthesameconditionsastheinsitutreatedsoilshallalsohaveachievedanaveragestrengthofatleastClassC0.8/1.0.

17 (05/09)CBGMshallnotbetraffickedfor7daysunlessthelayercomplieswiththefollowing:

(i) thelayeriscompactedbybothvibratingrollerandPTRinaccordancewithsub-Clause813.11tocomplywiththerequirementsofsub-Clause813.12;

(ii) themixturecontainsatleast50%bymassofcoarseaggregatecomplyingwithBSEN13242,CategoryC90/3for‘crushedorbrokenparticles’;

(iii) testspecimensmadeatthesametimeasthespecimensrequiredinClause870butcuredunderthesameconditionsasthein-situCBGMhaveachievedanaveragestrengthofatleastClassC3/4.

18 (05/09)Surfacecontaminationshallbeavoidedasfarasispracticableandanyunavoidablecontaminationshallberemovedpriortooverlaying.Reworkingandre-compactionofthelayershallonlybepermitted


withintheconstructionperiodsetoutinTable8/10.Reworkingshallonlybepermittedwhenthewatercontentrequirementsofthereworkedmaterialaremaintainedwithinthelimitsstatedinthemethodstatement.

19 (05/09)Beforeoverlaying,anyloosematerialshallberemovedandreplacedtothefulldepthofthelayeror,ifwithintheconstructionperiodsetoutinTable8/10,reworkedasspecifiedinsub-Clause813.18.

20 (05/09)Dailyrecordsheetscomplyingwithsub-Clause817.4shallbesubmittedtotheOverseeingOrganisationbystartofworkonthenextworkingday,detailing:

(i) spreadrate/batchingrecordresults;

(ii) depthmeasurements;

(iii) densitytestmeasurements;

(iv) sampleandtestlocations;

(v) constructionperiodrecordsshowingthetime(s)ofmixing,wateraddition,completionofcompactionandapplicationofcuringmembrane.

814 (05/09) Mix-in-Plant Method of Construction Using Batching by Mass

1 (05/09)TheHBMshallbeproducedinastationarymixingplantthatbatchesbymassandmixesinaforced-actionmixer,allowingsufficienttimeinthemixertoproduceahomogenousmixture.

2 (05/09)Themixingplantshallhaveanautomatedsurveillanceanddatacollectionsystem.

3 (05/09)HBMshallbetransporteddirectlytothepointwhereitistobelaidandprotectedfromtheweatherduringtransitandwhilstawaitingtipping,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.

815 (05/09) Mix-in-Plant Method of Construction Using Volume Batching

1 (05/09)TheHBMshallbeproducedinastationarymixingplantthatbatchesbyvolumeandmixesinaforcedactionmixer,allowingsufficienttimeinthemixertoproduceahomogenousmixture.

2 (05/09)HBMshallbetransporteddirectlytothepointwhereitistobelaidandprotectedfromtheweatherduringtransitandwhilstawaitingtipping,unlessotherwiseagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.

3 (05/09)Dispensingaccuracyshallbeverifiedbyreconciliationbetweenconstituentdeliveriesandtheareaanddepthofcompletedlayerforeach5000m2ofwork,orpartthereof,duringeachday’soperations.

816 (05/09) Mix-in-Place Method of Construction

1 (05/09)Mixed-in-placeHBMshallbeproducedbyanin-situpulverizing-mixingprocesswiththeaddedmixingwaterinjecteddirectlyintothemixtureduringthemixingprocess.Thepulverizing-mixingprocessshallberepeateduntilahomogenousmixtureisproduced.

2 (05/09)Whenbinderconstituentsaredispensedontothesurfacetobepulverized-mixed,therateofspreadshallbeconfirmedbysitecheckscarriedoutinaccordancewithClause870.Foreachgroupof5readingsthemeanrateofspreadofmaterialshallbewithin±10%ofthestatedtargetrateandeachindividualvalueshallbewithin±15%ofthemeanvalueofthegroupof5readings.

3 (05/09)Theaccuracyofthesystemusedtodispensebinderconstituentsshallbeverifiedbyreconciliationbetweenconstituentdeliveriesandtheareaanddepthofcompletedlayerforeach5000m2ofwork,orpartthereof,duringeachday’soperations.

4 (05/09)Mixingoffreshmaterialshallensureaminimumoverlapof200mmwithpreviouslymixedmaterial.

5 (05/09)Wherelimeisusedtogranulatecohesivesoilsitshallbeaddedandmixedwiththesoilusingatleasttwopassesofthepulverizer-mixerbetween24and96hoursbeforethesubsequentadditionofcement,FA,HRBorggbs.Thesurfaceofthelayershallbesealedbyrollingimmediatelyafteraddingandmixinglime.TheMCVduringthisperiod,knownasthemellowingperiod,shallcomplywithClause840.

817 (05/09) Method Statement and Demonstration Area

Method Statement

1 (05/09)Atleast10dayspriortoconstructingthedemonstrationareaspecifiedinsub-Clause817.5,theContractorshallprovideafullmethodstatementfortheapprovaloftheOverseeingOrganisation.Thestatementshalldetailtheoperatives,plant,materialsandproceduresfortheconstructionofdemonstrationarea(s)andoftheworks,includingprocedures.Thestatementshallalsoincludeproceduresforinducedcracking,if



requiredbyAppendix7/1,andtheprocedurestobeappliedduringinclementweather,plantbreakdownsandotherunscheduledevents.

2 (05/09)Themethodstatementshallincludetheintendedmixtureproportionswithsupportingdatafromtrialmixresultsand/orhistoricrecordstojustifytheproportions,thewatercontent(orMCV)limitsand(ifapplicable)spreadratesforallstagesoftheWork.

3 (05/09)Wheremultipleliftworkingisused,themethodstatementshalldetailthemethodsusedtoassurethatbondbetweentheindividualliftsisachieved.Themethodstatementshallalsodetailtheprocedurestobeusedtoconfirmthatbondhasbeenachievedinthedemonstrationareaandintheworks.

4 (05/09)Themethodstatementshallincludeasamplerecordsheetforthesubmissionofthedatarequiredbysub-Clause813.20.

(05/09)Demonstration Area

5 (05/09)Priortothecommencementofthemainworks,theContractorshallconstructademonstrationareaofatleast800m2conformingtothesubmittedmethodstatement.Thedemonstrationareashallincludeatransverseend-of-dayjointand(ifappropriate)multipleliftworking.Thedemonstrationareamaybeacceptedintothepermanentworks,whereagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.WheretheContractorcanproducedocumentaryevidenceofsimilarworkcarriedouttothisspecificationduringtheprevious6months,theOverseeingOrganisationmayallowtheworkstoproceedwithoutthedemonstrationarea.

6 (05/09)Wheremultipleliftworkingisused,thedemonstrationareashallconfirmtheeffectivenessoftheproceduresusedtoassurethatbondbetweentheindividualliftscanbeachieved.

7 (05/09)Whereinducedcrackingisrequired,thedemonstrationareashallincludecrackinductionatthespecifiedspacing.Theeffectivenessoftheprocedureusedshallbecheckedwithin28daysofconstruction,byrecoveringfourevenlyspaced150mmdiacoresfromthelineoftheinducedcracksandassessingeachcoreforcompliancewithsub-Clause818.2.

8 (05/09)Themixtureconstituents,proportions,layingandcompactionplantandconstructionproceduresusedforthedemonstrationareashallnotbechangedunlesstheContractorlaysafurtherdemonstrationareaorthechangesareagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.

818 (11/04) Induced Cracking of HBM

1 (05/09)WhererequiredbyAppendix7/1,transversecracksshallbeformedatthespecifiedspacingwithatoleranceof±150mm.WherethepavementismadeupoftwoormorelayersofHBMwithinducedcracks,thecracksintheoverlyingHBMlayershallalignwiththeinducedcracksinthelayerbelowwithatoleranceof±100mm.

2 (05/09)Cracksshallbeinducedinfreshmaterialafterinitialcompaction.Thetransversecracksshallbeinducedbygroovingthefreshmaterialtoformstraightverticalgroovesnotmorethan20mmwide,toadepthofbetweenonehalfandtwothirdsofthelayerthicknessoverthefullwidthofthepavement.Bitumenemulsionshallbepouredorsprayedintothegroovespriortofinalcompaction,toformacrackinducingmembrane.ThebitumenemulsionshallcomplywithClassC40B4,asspecifiedintheNationalForewordtoBSEN13808.Duringfinalcompactionofthemixture,thesurfaceofthegrooveshallbefullyclosedthroughoutitsfulllength.Thebitumeninthegrooveshallbefullyencasedandremaincontinuous,withnotlessthan70%ofthesidesofthegroovecoatedwithbitumen.

3 (05/09)WhererequiredbyAppendix7/1,longitudinalcracksshallbeinducedusingtheprocedurespecifiedinsub-Clause818.2.

819 (05/09) Not Used

820 (05/09) Aggregates

1 (05/09)TheaggregatesusedinHBMshallcomplywithBSEN13242andtheselectedrequirementslistedinTable8/12.WhererecycledcoarseaggregateorrecycledconcreteaggregateisusedinHBM,itshallalsobetestedinaccordancewithClause710andcomplywiththeadditionalrequirementsfortheproportionofthecomponentslistedinTable8/12.

2 (05/09)WhenrequiredbyAppendix7/1,anexistingpavementlayerthatistousedtoproduceHBMshallbetestedtoconfirmcompliancewithsub-Clause820.1.



(11/09)Table 8/12: Aggregate Requirements for HBM

Clause reference 821 822 823 830 831 832 835

HBM designation CBGM A CBGM B CBGM C FABM 1 HRBBM 1

SBM B2, FABM 2

HRBBM 2

SBM B3, FABM 3

HRBBM 3

SBM B1-1, B1-2, B1-3 &

B1-4Categories for aggregate properties, BS EN 13242

Crushedorbrokenparticlesandtotallyroundedparticlesincoarseaggregate

CNR(Note1)

CNRunlessotherwisespecifiedin

Appendix7/1

C90/3orC50/30,asspecifiedinAppendix7/1

(Note2)

CNR(Note1)

C90/3orC50/30asspecifiedinAppendix

7/1Resistancetofragmentationofcoarseaggregate

LANR

LA50

orLA60

asspecifiedinAppendix

7/1

LA50

LA50

orLA60

asspecifiedinAppendix

7/1

LA50 LANR LA50

Acid-solublesulfatecontent(Note3)

Air-cooledblast-furnaceslag-AS1,0

Otheraggregates-AS0,2

Totalsulfurcontent(Note3)

Air-cooledblast-furnaceslag-S2

Otheraggregates-S1

Other requirements, BS 1377-2Finesquality(Note4)

NR(Note1)

Non-plastic NR(Note1)

Non-plastic

Proportion of components, Clause 710Maximumglasscontent(ClassRg) 40 40 40 40 40 40 40

Maximumimpuritiescontent(ClassX) 5 3 3 3 3 5 3

NOTES:1.ThesuffixNRdenotesthatthe‘Norequirement’categoryapplies.2.CNRifFABM1containsatleast3%CEM1cementbydrymassofthemixtureandtraffickingispreventedfor7days.3.WheretheContractorisabletoprovideevidenceofmixturestabilityoveranextendedperiodthentheOverseeingOrganisationmayconsidertheuseofhigherlimits.4.Whererequired,thesizefractionoftheaggregatepassingthe0.425mmsizetestsieveshallbenon-plasticasdefinedbyandtestedincompliancewithBS1377-2.


821 (05/09) Cement Bound Granular Mixtures A (CBGM A)

1 (05/09) CementboundgranularmixturesA(CBGMA)shallcomplywithBSEN14227-1andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.

2 (05/09) AggregateshallcomplywiththerequirementsofClause820andshallhaveacombinedgradingthatcomplieswithEnvelopeAfromBSEN14227-1,Figure1.

3 (05/09)Thestrengthafterimmersionshallbeatleast80%ofthenon-immersedstrength,whentestedinaccordancewiththelaboratorymixturedesignrequirementsspecifiedinClause880.

4 (05/09)ThemethodofconstructionshallbeinaccordancewithClause813andeitherClause814,Clause815orClause816.

5 (05/09)ThelaboratorymechanicalperformanceshallcomplywiththerequirementsofAppendix7/1,whensampledandtestedinaccordancewithClause870.

822 (05/09) Cement Bound Granular Mixtures B (CBGM B)

1 (05/09)CementboundgranularmixturesB(CBGMB)shallcomplywithBSEN14227-1,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.


2 (05/09)AggregatesshallcomplywiththerequirementsofClause820andshallhaveacombinedgradingthatcomplieswithEnvelopeBfromBSEN14227-1,Figure1.Alternatively,thetotalmixturegradingshallcomplywiththegradingenvelopeCategoryG2fromBSEN14227-1,AnnexB,FigureB2.


4 (05/09)ThemethodofconstructionshallbeinaccordancewithClause813andClause814.


823 (05/09) Cement Bound Granular Mixtures C (CBGM C)

1 (05/09)CementboundgranularmixturesC(CBGMC)shallcomplywithBSEN14227-1,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.

2 (05/09)AggregatesshallcomplywiththerequirementsofClause820andshallhaveatotalmixturegradingthatcomplieswithgradingenvelopeCategoryG1fromBSEN14227-1,AnnexB,FigureB2for0/20sizemixtures,FigureB3for0/14mmsizemixturesorFigureB4for0/10mmsizemixtures.

3 (05/09)Thecompacityofthemixtureshallbeatleast0.8,whencalculatedinaccordancewithBSEN14227-2,AnnexC.ThemaximumdrydensityvalueusedforthecalculationshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithBSEN13286-50,usingthemodifiedProctor(4.5kgrammer)procedurefromBSEN13286-2.


5 (05/09)ThemethodofconstructionshallbeinaccordancewithClause813andClause814.


824 to 829 (05/09) Not Used

830 (05/09) Fly Ash Bound Mixture 1 (FABM 1) and Hydraulic Road Binder Bound Mixture 1 (HRBBM 1)

1 (05/09)ThemixtureshallcomplywiththerequirementsofBSEN14227-3forFlyAshBoundMixture1ortherequirementsofBSEN14227-5forHydraulicRoadBinderBoundMixture1,asspecifiedinAppendix7/1,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.

2 (05/09)AggregateshallcomplywiththerequirementsofClause820.


4 (05/09)ThemethodofconstructionshallcomplywithClause813andClause814.


831 (05/09) Slag Bound Mixture B2 (SBM B2), Fly Ash Bound Mixture 2 (FABM 2) and Hydraulic Road Binder Bound Mixture 2 (HRBBM 2)

1 (05/09)ThemixtureshallcomplywiththerequirementsofBSEN14227-2forSlagBoundMixtureB2ortherequirementsofBSEN14227-3forFlyAshBoundMixture2ortherequirementsofBSEN14227-5forHydraulicRoadBinderBoundMixture2,asspecifiedinAppendix7/1,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.


3 (05/09)SBMB2shallhaveatotalmixturegradingthatcomplieswithgradingenvelopeCategoryG1orG2fromBSEN14227-2,Figure5for0/20sizemixtures,Figure6for0/14mmsizemixturesorFigure7for0/10mmsizemixtures..

4 (05/09)FABM2shallhaveatotalmixturegradingthatcomplieswithgradingenvelopeCategoryG1orG2fromBSEN14227-3,Figure3for0/20sizemixtures,Figure5for0/14mmsizemixturesorFigure7for0/10mmsizemixtures.

5 (05/09)HRBBM2shallhaveatotalmixturegradingthatcomplieswithgradingenvelopeCategoryG1orG2fromBSEN14227-5,Figure2for0/20mmsize



mixtures,Figure3for0/14mmsizemixturesandFigure4for0/10mmsizemixtures


7 (05/09)ThemethodofconstructionshallbeinaccordancewithClauses814and813.


832 (05/09) Slag Bound Mixture B3 (SBM B3), Fly Ash Bound Mixture 3 (FABM 3) and Hydraulic Road Binder Bound Mixture 3 (HRBBM 3)

1 (05/09)ThemixtureshallcomplywiththerequirementsofBSEN14227-2forSlagBoundMixtureB3ortherequirementsofBSEN14227-3forFlyAshBoundMixture3ortherequirementsofBSEN14227-5forHydraulicRoadBinderBoundMixture3,asspecifiedinAppendix7/1,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.





6 (05/09)ThemixturedesignproceduresspecifiedinClause880shallincludethedeterminationoftheimmediatebearingatthetargetwaterandbindercontent.ThemixtureshallcomplywithImmediateBearingIndexCategoryIPI40.WhenapprovedbytheOverseeingOrganisation,andwherethemixtureisnotsubjecttodirecttrafficking,themixtureshallcomplywithImmediateBearingIndexCategoryIPI25.

7 (05/09)TherequirementsofClause832.6shallnotapplyifthemixturecontainsatleast3%cementbymassofthedrymixtureandtrafficisnotpermittedtousethelayerforthefirst7days.


833 (11/04) Not Used

834 (11/04) Fly Ash Bound Mixture 5 (FABM 5)

1 (05/09)ThemixtureshallcomplywithBSEN14227-3forFlyAshBoundMixture5,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.


3 (05/09)Forlime-treatedflyashmixtureswithgypsumaddedasanadditionalconstituent,themethodofconstructionshallbeinaccordancewithClause813and814.Forothermixtures,themethodofconstructionpermittedshallcomplywithClause813andeitherClause814,Clause815orClause816.


835 (05/09) Slag Bound Mixtures B1-1, B1-2, B1-3 and B1-4 (SBM B1)

1 (05/09)ThemixtureshallcomplywithBSEN14227-2forSBMB1-1,SBMB1-2,SBMB1-3orSBMB1-4,asspecifiedinAppendix7/1,andhavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.

2 (05/09)AggregatesshallcomplywiththerequirementsofClause820.


4 (05/09)ThemethodofconstructionshallbeinaccordancewithClause813and814.


836 to 839 (05/09) Not Used


840 (05/09) Soil Treated by Cement (SC), Soil Treated by Slag (SS), Soil Treated by Fly Ash (SFA) and Soil Treated by Hydraulic Road Binder (SHRB)

1 (05/09)ThemixtureshallbeasspecifiedinAppendix7/1andcomplywiththeappropriaterequirementsselectedfromTable8/13andthefollowing:

(i) BSEN14227-10,forsoiltreatedbycement(SC);

(ii) BSEN14227-12,forsoiltreatedbyslag(SS);

(iii) BSEN14227-13,forsoiltreatedwithhydraulicroadbinder(SHRB)

(iv) BSEN14227-14,forsoiltreatedbyflyash(SFA).

ThemixtureshallalsohavebinderconstituentproportionscomplyingwiththerequirementsofClause811.

2 (05/09)Notlessthan95%ofthesoilshallpassthe63mmsizetestsievewhentestedinaccordancewithEN933-1andthemaximumparticlesizeofthesoilshallnotexceed25%ofthelayerdepth.

3 (05/09)WhentestedinaccordancewithTRLReport447,TestNo.4,soilwithatotalpotentialsulfate(TPS)contentlessthan0.25%sulfate(asSO4)shallbedeemedsuitablefortreatment,ifthelaboratorymixturedesignprocedureconfirmsthatthemixturecomplieswiththe‘resistancetowater’requirementsspecifiedinTable8/13.Soilwithatotalpotentialsulfate(TPS)equaltoorgreaterthan0.25%sulfate(asSO4)shallonlybedeemedsuitablefortreatmentwhereagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.




TABLE 8/13:(05/09)Requirements for Soil Treated by Cement (SC), Slag (SS) and Fly Ash (SFA)

Mixture parameter Requirement Category BS EN 14227 -10, -12, -13, -14 reference

Non-cohesive soil mixtures

Cohesive soil mixtures and chalk mixtures

Minimumwatercontent

(Expressedasaproportionoftheoptimumwatercontent,determinedinaccordancewithBSEN13286-4,Vibrating

hammermethod)

W0,9

WNR(Note1) Table1W1,0

formixturescontainingquicklime

DegreeofPulverization(DeterminedinaccordancewithBSEN13286-48)

PulvNR(Note1)

Pulv60 Table2

ImmediateBearingIndex(Note2)

(DeterminedinaccordancewithClause880)

IPI40(Note3)

IPI15 Table3

MoistureConditionValue

(DeterminedinaccordancewithBSEN13286-46)

MCVNR(Note1)

MCV8/12atfinalmixingandcompaction(Note4)

Table4

Laboratorymechanicalperformance

(Compressivestrengthortensilestrength)

RcorRt,E,asspecifiedinAppendix7/1

Table6forRcFigure1for

Rt,EResistancetowater-strengthafterimmersion

(Ri/Rratio,determinedinaccordancewithClause880)I0,8 Table7

Resistancetowater-volumetricswelling

(DeterminedinaccordancewithBSEN13286-49)

NR(Note1)

SC-GV5 Table9(EN14227-10)

SS,SRBandSFA–GVtobenotgreaterthan

5%

Clause9.1.4(EN14227-12,-13and-14)

NOTES:1.ThesuffixNRdenotesthatthe‘Norequirement’categoryapplies.2.WhereSCisnottobetraffickedwithin7days,IPINRmaybeused.3.IPI25wherethemixtureisnotsubjecttodirecttrafficking.4.Forcohesivesoilmixtures,therequirementalsoappliesduringthemellowingperiod.



841 to 869 (11/04) Not Used

870 (05/09) Testing, Control and Checking of HBM

General

1 (05/09)Tests,controlsandchecksshallbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththerequirementsinTable8/14andthefollowingsub-ClausesatlocationsdeterminedbytheOverseeingOrganisation,unlessotherwisestatedinAppendix1/5.WheretheOverseeingOrganisationissatisfiedthataconsistentqualityofworkisbeingachieveditmayorderthefrequencyoftestingtobereducedtohalfthatrequiredinTable8/14.WhereatestreferenceisshowninTable8/14,thetestingshallbecarriedoutincompliancewiththerequirementsofClause105andbeundertakenbyanorganisationaccreditedinaccordancewithBSENISO/IEC17025forthetestmethod.

Sampling

2 (05/09)SamplingshallbeinaccordancewithBS1924-1.WhereabulksampleofHBMistakenfromalayer,itshallbetakenfromthefulldepthofthelayer,usedwithoutfurthermixing,andnotcombinedwithotherbulksamples.

Spread Checks for the Mix-in-Place Method of Construction

3 (05/09)Therateofspreadofaddedconstituentsshallbedeterminedbyweighingtheamountofmaterialretainedonfivetrays(ormats)ofknownarealaidinthepathofthespreadingmachine.Thetrays(ormats)shallbepositionedatpointsequallyspacedalongadiagonalbisectinglinetheareaofcoveragesoastoassessthefullwidthofdischargefromthespreadingmachine.

Depth of Mixing for the Mix-in-Place Method of Construction

4 (05/09)Thedepthofmixingshallbecheckedbyexcavationandinspectiononcompletionofeachstageofthepulverizing-mixingprocess.Thedepthofmixingshallbereferencedtothedesignlevelsforthepavementbypreciselevelingofthestabilizedsoilinterface(orothertechniquesapprovedbytheOverseeingOrganisation)toensurethatthelevelattheundersideofthestabilizedlayerisinaccordancewiththespecifiedrequirements.

(05/09) Standardisation of Nuclear Density Gauges and Measurement of In-situ Wet Density

5 (05/09)Thein-situwetdensityofacompactedmixtureshallbemeasuredusingacalibratednucleardensitygaugeinaccordancewithBS1924-2andthefollowingsub-Clauses,exceptthateachtestshallconsistofatleast3measurementsat120degreestoeachotherusingthesamesourcerodholeandthedensitytakenastheaverageofthehigher2results.

6 (05/09)Theoperation,warming-upperiodifany,andstandardisationofthegaugeshallbecarriedoutincompliancewiththemanufacturer’srecommendations.ThegaugeshallbecalibratedinaccordancewithBS1924immediatelypriortotheconstructionofthedemonstrationareaandatleastonceevery28daysthereafter.

7 (05/09)Thegaugeshallbeusedinthedirecttransmissionmodeofoperationwiththesourcerodloweredtowithin25mmofthebottomsurfaceofthelayer.Thein-situwetdensityshallbedeterminedwithintwohoursofcompletingcompaction.

8 (05/09)Thein-situwetdensityofasubbaselayershallbetakenastheaveragevalueoffivedeterminationsequallyspacedalongalinethatbisectseach1000m2orpartthereoflaideachday.Thefirstandfifthpositionsshallbelocated300mmfromtheedgesofthelaidarea,orotherpositionsagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation.

9 (05/09)Forasubbaselayer,theaveragein-situwetdensityoftheareaspecifiedinsub-Clause870.8shallbenotlessthan95%oftheaveragewetdensityofthetestspecimenstakentodeterminethelaboratorymechanicalperformanceofthesamearea.

10 (05/09)Forabaselayer,theaveragein-situwetdensityoftheareaspecifiedinsub-Clause870.8shallbenotlessthan95%ofthewetdensityoftheHBMatitsoptimummoisturecontent,measuredusingthevibratinghammermethoddetailedinBS13286-4.Theresultofeachsingledeterminationofin-situwetdensityshallbenotlessthan92%ofthewetdensityoftheHBMatitsoptimummoisturecontent.

(05/09)Laboratory Mechanical Performance

11 (05/09)AbulksampleofHBMshallbetakenfromeachofthelocationsinsub-Clause870.8,afterthein-situwetdensityhasbeendetermined.Testspecimensusedtodeterminelaboratorymechanicalperformanceshallbemadeusingvibratoryhammercompaction,inaccordancewithBSEN13286-51.Wherecubesareusedforthedeterminationofcompressivestrength,thespecimensshallbe150mmsize,unlessagreedotherwisebytheOverseeingOrganisation.


TABLE 8/14:(05/09)Requirements for Testing, Control and Checking of HBM

Test/control/check Test frequency Test referenceWatercontentofaggregateorsoilsourcesonsite

3per1000m2 BS1924-1,Clause7.1

Gradingofaggregateorsoilsourcesonsite

1per1000m2 Aggregates:EN1097-5Soils:BS1924-1,Clause7.1

Plasticityofaggregateorsoilsourcesonsite

1per1000m2 BS1924-1,Clause7.3

Constituentssourcedoff-site Aggregates-ResultsofroutinecontroltestsfromthefactoryproductioncontrolsystemrequiredbyBSEN13242,AnnexCtobeprovidedweekly.Cement-Certificatestobeprovidedmonthlyforeachcementtype,inaccordancewithEN197-1,NationalAnnexNB.Slag-CertificatestobeprovidedweeklytoconfirmthedeclaredvaluesrequiredbyBSEN14227-2,Clause5.Flyash-CertificatestobeprovidedweeklytoconfirmcompliancewiththerequirementsofBSEN14227-4.Otherconstituents-certificatestobeprovidedweeklytoconfirmcompliancewiththespecificationagreedaspartofthefactoryproductioncontrolsystemforthemixture.

-

Batchingrecordsfor‘mix-in-plant’methodofconstructionusingbatchingbymass

Continuouslyusingtheautomatedsurveillanceanddatacollectionsystem

-

Batchingrecordsfor‘mix-in-plant’methodofconstructionusingbatchingbyvolumeandmix-in-place

Dispensingaccuracyshallbeverifiedbyreconciliationbetweenconstituentdeliveriesandtheareaanddepthofcompletedlayerforeach5000m2ofwork,orpartthereof,duringeachday’soperation

-

Spreadchecksfor‘mix-in-place’methodofconstructionateachstageofthemixingprocess(sub-Clause870.3)

1determinationper1000m2butnotlessthan4perday -

Mixturegrading,includingbinder 1per1000m2butnotlessthan3perday BSEN933-1Watercontentatfinalcompaction 1per1000m2butnotlessthan3perday BS1924-2,

Clause1.3MCVatmixingandfinalcompactionand,inthecaseofcohesivemixtures,duringthemellowingperiod

3per1000m2butnotlessthan4perday BSEN13286-46

Pulverization(cohesivemixturesonly) 2per1000m2butnotlessthan4perday BSEN13286-48Depthofmixingfor‘mix-in-place’methodofconstructionateachstageofthemixingprocess(sub-Clause870.4)

5per1000m2butnotlessthan4perday -

In-situwetdensity 5per1000m2orpartthereoflaideachday(measuredatthelocationsdetailedinsub-Clause870.8)

Sub-Clause870.5

Laboratorymechanicalperformance 5per1000m2orpartthereoflaideachday(withtestspecimenspreparedfromabulksampletakenfromeachofthelocationsdetailedinsub-Clause870.8)

AsrequiredbyTable8/15

Strengthafterimmersioninwater Laboratorymixturedesignprocedure AsrequiredbyClause880



Table 8/15:(05/09)Laboratory Mechanical Performance Testing Requirements for HBM

Clause Mixture Curing regime Curing temperature

Test method Age at test

821,822&823GBGMA,

CBGMBandCBGMC

RegimeAfrom,BSEN14227-1,

AnnexC20°C

RC-BSEN13286-41

28days-orotherageagreedbytheOverseeingOrganisation(seeNote)

830,831,832&835

SBM,HRBBMandFABM,

(exceptFABM5)BSEN13286-51 40°C

834

FABM5treatedwithlime BSEN13286-51 40°C

Rit-BSEN13286-42FABM5treated

withcement BSEN13286-51 20°C

840SC

RegimeA1fromBSEN14227-10,

AnnexB20°C Ec-

BSEN13286-43SS&SFA BSEN13286-51 40°C

NOTE:

Forsitecontrolpurposed,HBMmaybeassessedonthebasisof7daysstrength(orotheragreedage)wheretheContractorsorequests,providedthatarobustcorrelationisestablishedbetween7daysand28daysstrengthusingrepresentativesamplesoftheaggregatesandbinderusedintheworks.


12 (05/09)Complianceoftheareaspecifiedinsub-Clause870.8shallbeassessedusingtheresultsfortestspecimensthatarecuredandtestedinaccordancewithTable8/15usingeithercompressionorindirecttensiletestingasappropriatetotheclassofmechanicalperformancespecifiedinAppendix7/1.Assessmentshallbemadeusingthefollowingcriteria:

(i)Compressivestrength:

TherequirementspecifiedinAppendix7/1shallbedeemedtobesatisfiediftheaveragecompressivestrengthofthegroupofspecimensinTable8/14isequaltoorgreaterthantheminimumforthespecifiedRcclassandnoindividualtestresultislessthan67%oftheminimumstrengthrequirementfortheRcclass.(ii)Indirecttensilestrength:

TherequirementspecifiedinAppendix7/1shallbedeemedtobesatisfiediftheaverageindirecttensilestrengthofthegroupofspecimensinTable8/14isequaltoorgreaterthantheminimumrequirementandnoindividualresultislessthan67%oftheminimumrequirementappropriatetotheEvaluedeterminedduringthelaboratorymixturedesignprocedurespecifiedinClause880.

Forthepurposesofthisspecification,anyreferenceto‘characteristicstrength’inBSEN14227-1shallbesupersededbytherequirementsofthissub-Clause.

871 (05/09) Determination of the Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion

Scope

1 (05/09)ThetestmethoddescribedinthisClauseshallbeusedtodeterminethecoefficientoflinearthermalexpansionofHBMwithinthenormalrangeoftemperatureforpavementlayers.Thetestmethodshallbecarriedoutusinghardenedspecimens.

Apparatus

2 (05/09)Thefollowingapparatusshallbeused:

(i) Awaterbathwithsufficientcapacitytoaccommodatethreetestspecimensandcapableofmaintainingpredeterminedtemperaturesbetween15ºCand60ºC.

(ii) Adevicecapableofmeasuringlineardimensionsofnotlessthan275mmtoanaccuracyof±0.002mm,withaknowntemperaturecorrectionfactor.

(iii) Vibratinghammercompactionapparatuscapableofproducing150mmdiametercylindricaltestspecimens,inaccordancewithBSEN13286-51.Theapparatusshallbesuitablymodifiedtomanufacture300mmlongtestspecimens.


Test procedure

3 (05/09)Thefollowingtestprocedureshallbefollowed:

(i) Compactthree150mmdiametertestspecimens,300mminlength,inaccordancewithBSEN13286-51butusingsixlayers,eachwithanominaldepthof50mm.

(ii) Markeachspecimenwith3pairsofpermanentreferencepoints,alignedlongitudinally.Oneofeachpairshallbeatoppositeendsofthespecimen.Eachpairshallbelocatedat120ºaroundthecircumferenceofthespecimens,alignedparalleltotheaxis,andnotmorethan30mmfromeachendofthespecimen.

(iii) CurethespecimensusingtheprocedurespecifiedforthedeterminationofmechanicallaboratoryperformanceinTable8/15.

(iv) Saturatethetestspecimens,eitheratatmosphericpressureorundervacuum,untiltheincreaseinthesurfacedriedmassofeachspecimen,determinedusingtworeadingstakenatleast24hoursapart,islessthan1%.

(v) Immersethespecimensinthewaterbathataconstanttemperature(T1),maintainedtoanaccuracyof±2ºC,for24±2hours.Thenmeasurethelength(L1)ofeachtestspecimenatthelocationsdefinedbythethreepairsofreferencepoints.Repeatthemeasurementoflengthevery24hours,untilthechangeinlengthbetweensuccessivemeasurementsislessthan0.004mm.

(vi) Raisethetemperatureofthewaterbathbyatleast30ºCandrecordthetemperature(T2).T2shallnotexceed55ºC.MaintainthetemperatureatT2±2ºCfor24±2hoursandmeasurethelength(L2)usingtheprocedurein(v).

(vii) Lowerthetemperatureofthewaterbathbyatleast30ºCandrecordthetemperature(T3).MaintainthetemperatureatT3±2ºCfor24±2hoursandmeasurethefinallength(L3)usingtheprocedurein(v).


Calculations

4 (05/09)CalculatetheCoefficientofLinearThermalExpansion(CLE)asfollows:

(i) Foreachpairofreferencepointsfortheheatingsequencecalculate:

CLE´=(L2–L1)/(T2–T1),giving9resultsintotal.

(ii) RejectthehighestandlowestresultsandrecordthemeanvalueofCLE´fortheremaining7results.

(iii) Foreachpairofreferencepointsforthecoolingsequencecalculate:

CLE´´=(L2–L3)/(T2–T3),giving9resultsintotal.

(iv) RejectthehighestandlowestresultsandrecordthemeanvalueofCLE´´fortheremaining7results.

(v) Calculate:

CLE=0.5((MeanvalueofCLE´)+(MeanvalueofCLE´´)).

(vi) CheckthatthemeanvaluesofCLE´andCLE´´lieintherange0.95CLEto1.05CLE.Ifthemeanvalueslieoutsidethisrange,repeattheprocedureinsub-Clause871.3.

Reporting of Results

5 (05/09)ReportthevalueofCLEusingunitsofm.10-6/ºC,expressedtothenearestwholenumber.

872 to 879 (05/09) Not used

880 (05/09) Laboratory Mixture Design Procedure

1 (05/09)Priortothecommencementoftheworkoranychangeinmixtureconstituents,theContractorshalldeterminethetargetproportionsoftheconstituents,includingwater,forthespecifiedHBM,basedonthemixturedesignproceduredescribedinthisClause.

2 (05/09)ThemixturedesignprocedureshalldeterminethepropertiesoftheHBMataminimumof3valuesofbindercontents,andaminimumof2valuesofwatercontentforeachvalueofbindercontent.


Immediate Stability

3 (05/09)Whenrequired,themixturedesignprocedureshallincludethedeterminationoftheimmediatebearingindex(IBI)attheselecteddesignwaterandbindercontent,measuredinaccordancewithBSEN13286-47.TheIBIvalueshallbetakenastheaveragevalueforasetof3testspecimens.

(05/09) Resistance to Water – Strength After Immersion

4 (05/09)Thestrengthafterimmersioninwatershallbeassessedbycomparingtheaveragestrengthandconditionof:

(i) 3specimensinitiallycuredinasealedconditionfor14daysatthetesttemperature;andthenremovedfromtheirmouldsandimmersedinaeratedwaterfor14daysatthesametesttemperature.

(ii) 3specimenscuredinsealedconditionfor28daysatthesametesttemperature.

Theimmersedspecimensshallbeunconfinedandhavewaterincontactwithallsurfaces.Oncompletionoftheimmersionstageofthetestthespecimensshallshownosignsofcrackingorswelling.

5 (05/09)Formixturescontaininglessthan3%bydrymassofthemixtureofcement,thetesttemperatureshallbe(40±2)ºC.Formixturescontaining3%ormorecement,thetesttemperatureshallbe(20±2)ºC.

Resistance to Frost Heave

6 (05/09)HBMshallbedeemedresistanttofrostheavewherethecompressivestrengthclassisC3/4orgreaterorRitisgreaterthan0.25MPa,whencuredinaccordancewithTable8/15.

Amendment-November2009 25F

series 0800

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