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2016 VMA Conference SEISMIC DESIGN & QUALIFICATION 2016 VMA Meeting New Orleans, LA Dr. M.S. Kalsi, PhD, PE Nimish Jagtap

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2016 VMA Conference

SEISMIC DESIGN &

QUALIFICATION2016 VMA Meeting

New Orleans, LA

Dr. M.S. Kalsi, PhD, PE

Nimish Jagtap

2016 VMA Conference

Presentation Outline

• Introduction & Kalsi Engineering, Inc. Background

• Purpose

• Background

• Industry Standards

• Methods/Examples

• Conclusions

2

2016 VMA Conference

Presented to:

VC Summer

March, 2016

Kalsi Engineering, Inc. (KEI) KVAP Software Meeting

2016 VMA Conference

Introduction –KEI Background

Kalsi Engineering, Inc. (KEI)

• Serving clients for over 37 years (founded 1978)

• Engineering services: Design, analysis, testing, R&D

• Industry wide recognized specialist in valves, seals,

& mechanical equipment

• Nuclear power industry

• Oilfield/petrochemical industries

• Advanced models, software, hardware, test facilities

& patented technologies

• Offices in Sugar Land, TX and Charlotte, NC

2016 VMA Conference

KEI Facilities in Sugar Land, Texas

(Satellite Office in Charlotte, NC)

2016 VMA Conference

Introduction: World-Wide Client Base & Alliances

NSSS Owners Groups• BWROG – App III Implementation guide

• PWROG

EPRI• EPRI MOV PPM

• EPRI AOV Guide

• Valve Application Guides

• Thermal Binding

• Friction Testing

Joint Utility Groups• Limitorque re-rating

• LiFE (LTAFLA)

• Kalsi Pressure Locking/

Thermal Binding (KPLTB

Software)

U.S. SBIR (11 Awards)• DOE

• NRC

• NASA

• DOD

Kalsi-funded• Patented Products

• KVAP, CVAP, LiFE

• MOV Actuator Test

Stand

Electric Utilities• Root Cause Analysis

• Valve Programs

• Plant specific

analysis/testing

• Static/Dynamic Sealing

• Training

NIC• Check Valve Guide

• Non-intrusive Trending/

Condition Monitoring

Industry Partners• GE/Crane - Sentinel Valve

• EdF – Valve R&D

• Iberdrolla – Valve Services

• AECL (CANDU Energy) – Valve

Services

State-of-the-art technology & established technical leadership

P0001632

International Clients• Canada

• France

• Korea

• Switzerlan

d

• Romania

• Mexico

• Japan

• Britain

• Taiwan

• Spain

2016 VMA Conference

Tracking & Trending – ASME OM Code

Appendices III and IV

Valve DataActuator DataSystem DataRisk Ranking

JOG Class

Design Basis Calculation

DP Test Data(As required)

Preservice & Inservice Test

Test Acceptance & Set-up Criteria

Validation of Test Acceptance

Criteria

Verification of Functional

Margin

Tracking & Trending of Key

Data

Adjustments

Verification of Operational Readiness & Test Interval

App III & IVDesign Basis Verification Test - DBR

App III & IVAnalysis & Evaluation of Test Data

Test Results Test Data

KVAP

Outside KVAP

KVAP Calculation Engine KVAP Tracking & Trending

DataSheet

KVAP 4.0 ASME OM Code Appendix III and IV Support

App III&IV IST

DiaCom

2016 VMA Conference

KVAP®

Provides Seamless Integration with

Diagnostic Test Platforms

MOVs & AOVs AOVs AOVs AOVs

Valve DataActuator DataSystem DataRisk Ranking

JOG Class

Design Basis Calculation

DP Test Data(As required)

Preservice & Inservice Test

Test Acceptance & Set-up Criteria

Validation of Test Acceptance

Criteria

Verification of Functional

Margin

Tracking & Trending of Key

Data

Adjustments

Verification of Operational Readiness & Test Interval

App III & IVDesign Basis Verification Test

- DBR

App III & IVAnalysis & Evaluation of Test Data

Test Results Test Data

Performed Outside of KVAP

KVAP Calculation Engine KVAP Tracking & Trending

DataSheet

App III & IV IST

DiaCom

2016 VMA Conference

KVAP Tracking & Trending

Appendix III

Functional Margin Projection

Quantifying, Tracking & Trending Functional Margin under Design Basis Accident Conditions

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Purpose

“The seismic qualification of active mechanical equipment

should demonstrate the ability of the active mechanical

equipment to perform its specified function during and/or

after the time it is subjected to the earthquake loadings

defined in the seismic qualification specification.”

• ASME QME-1-2012

Valve assembly functional evaluations include:

• Stress level

• Clearances

• Fatigue usage

• Operation of actuator and associated controls during and after the

test, as required

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2016 VMA Conference

Background

• Earthquakes create ground motions

• Ground motion is random, broadband, and can occur over a frequency of 1 Hz to 33 Hz (or greater)

• Ground motions induce vibration into structures

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May, 1940 El Centro, CA Earthquake North-South Time History Plots

Newmark, N. M, and Hall, W. J. 1976. “Part 1: Vibration of Structures Induced by Ground Motion,” Chapter 29, Shock and

Vibration Handbook, 2nd Edition, New York, McGraw Hill.

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Seismic Hazard Map

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from: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/products/conterminous/

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Background

• US Nuclear Regulatory Commission in Regulatory Guide

1.60 (Rev. 2, 2014) concludes that high frequency

motions at central and eastern United States (CEUS) rock

sites may be significantly greater than motions recorded

at western United States (WUS) rock sites.

• Vibration imparted to valves depend on mounting type:

• Mounted to foundation: Mounting structure modifies the ground

motion, but it remains random, multi-frequency. This motion is

described in a required response spectra (RRS).

• Line mounted: Ground motion excites the line at a single

frequency; described in terms of required input motion (RIM).

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DRS (Design Response Spectra) for

Equipment Mounted to Foundation

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Design Response Spectra for various damping levels from NRC RG 1.60

For 1g PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration), need to be scaled for other PGA

2016 VMA Conference

RIM (required input motion) for Line Mounted

Equipment (IEEE-382)

Required Input Motion (IEEE-382)

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2016 VMA Conference

Qualification Methods

1. Testing

• Rigid assemblies - Static side load testing (QME-1 2012)

• Line Mounted Equipment – Single axis testing using sine beat or

sine dwell at discrete frequencies to envelope RIM

• Hard Mounted Equipment – Random, multi-frequency testing to

envelope RRS

2. Analysis

• Static – applying a force equivalent to the max acceleration level

• Dynamic – calculating natural frequencies and/or stresses due to

applied spectrum

3. Combination of Testing and Analysis

• Most effective for qualifying entire product line

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2016 VMA Conference

Qualification Methods

Choice of testing, analysis, or combination depends on:

• Rigidity of valve assembly

• Rigid equipment can be tested and analyzed statically

• Rigid = lowest natural frequency of the valve assembly is greater

than the cutoff or zero period acceleration (ZPA) frequency of the

response spectrum (no amplification due to seismic excitation).

• Complexity of valve assembly geometry

• Complex geometry may require 3D modeling

• Size of valve assembly

• Seismic test stands have size and weigh limitations

• Characteristics of the product to be qualified

• Single size favors testing, multiple sizes favor combined methods

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2016 VMA Conference

Industry Standards – Valve Assembly

• ASME QME-1-2012, Qualification of Active Mechanical

Equipment Used in Nuclear Power Plants

• IEEE-344-2004, IEEE Recommended Practice for

Seismic Qualification of Class 1E Equipment for Nuclear

Power Generating Stations

• IEEE-382-2006, IEEE Standard for Qualification of Safety-

Related Actuators for Nuclear Power Generating Stations

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2016 VMA Conference

Seismic Design Conditions

• Operating Basis Earthquake (OBE)

• Reasonable earthquake level expected for the region and plant

operation is not affected

• Often taken as 2/3 SSE levels

• Safe-Shutdown Earthquake (SSE)

• Maximum potential earthquake for the region

• Critical system integrity must be assured, but plant will be shut

down

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods - Testing• Exploratory (Resonant Search)

• Shaker table (preferred) using sine sweep at low excitation levels

• Impact test – may not be reliable due to damping, non-linear behavior

• Operating Basis Earthquake (OBE)

• Sine sweep typically at 2/3 SSE acceleration levels

• Safe-Shutdown Earthquake (SSE)

• Line mounted: Single axis, Sine beat RIM test

• Foundation mounted: Tri-axial multi-frequency test. TRS should bound RRS

• Static Side Load Testing (QME-1 2012)

• Side load = A*Fq; A=1.1 (rigid), 1.65 (flexible), Fq: Qualification load

• While pressurized, test loads are applied in a direction producing the

most deflection/stresses.

• Valve is stroked to verify functionality

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods - Testing

• Required Input Motion (RIM) OBE/SSE Test Illustration

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods - Testing

• Required Response Spectra (RRS) Tri-Axial Test Illustration

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Test-Analysis

Corroboration

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Analysis Result Test Result

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Qualification by Analysis ProcedureAnalytical methods are applicable to valve/actuator assemblies where all safety-related strength and functional performance features can be effectively modeled and evaluated.

1. Analyze the valve assembly to assess dynamic characteristics

2. Determine the equipment response under the RRS (stresses, deformation, displacements, rotations, loads, loss or initiation of contact at interface, etc.)

3. Based on the equipment response, ensure compliance with the specified functional requirements

Analytical models validated by judicially selected test prototypes is the most efficient approach to extend the applicability of testing to the entire product line.

(Ref. ASME QME-1, QR-A7110)

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods - Analysis

• Dynamic Analysis

• Rigid: Use ZPA

• Flexible: Modal analysis with time history or response spectrum inputs

• More complex

• Valve assembly anlytical model shall have sufficient detail to:

• Mathematically represent all significant vibration modes and allow evaluation of all pertinent failure modes

• Illustrate the relative motion at key intersection points

• Static Analysis

• Static coefficient approach (1.5 x g level) applied to center of mass

• Simple but more conservative

• All operating loads shall be concurrently applied with seismic loads

• Internal pressure

• Thrust/torque from actuator

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods – Analysis: Modal, Static Stress Analysis

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods - Static Analysis for Structural/Fatigue Evaluation

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Model Stress Intensity

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Methods – Analysis: Modal Analysis

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Diaphragm Valve 1st Mode Shape

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Methods – Analysis: Modal Analysis

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2nd Mode ShapeDiaphragm Valve

2016 VMA Conference

Methods - Analysis• Calculation of deflections and clearances evaluate the

potential for binding, e.g., between stem & bonnet, stem &

packing gland etc.

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Methods – Analysis: Modal Analysis of a Gate Valve

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2016 VMA Conference

Methods – Analysis: Modal Analysis of a Gate Valve

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Natural Frequency and Mode Shape for the First Mode

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Methods – Analysis: Modal Analysis of a Gate Valve

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Natural Frequency and Mode Shape for the Second Mode

2016 VMA Conference

Conclusions• Qualification by analysis is suitable when valve assembly

geometry and key features can be adequately modeled

• Analysis can also be used to extend test results to higher

acceleration or frequency conditions

• Testing generally provides more detailed results.

However, precautions should be taken to ensure test

configuration provides results that are representative of

the “as installed” configuration.

Analysis-testing combination is the most effective approach

for qualifying a product line by appropriately accounting for

variations in key design parameters.

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2016 VMA Conference

Questions?

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