sehs option d: nutrition for sport, exercise and health
TRANSCRIPT
SEHS Option D:Nutrition for sport, exercise and
health
Outline the features of the principal components of the digestive system
• Mouth – mechanical digestionand start chemical digestion• Esophagus – begins peristalsis• Stomach – mechanical digestionand begins chemical digestion ofproteins
possess rugae – folded interior
that increases surface area lumen – open area
mucous coating preventsself digestion
Cont’d• Small intestine – main organ for chemicaldigestion (produces monomers from polymers
possess – highly folded interior (villi andmicrovilli) to increase surface area
*Large intestines – water absorption andvitamin K production and absorption*Pancreas – produces digestive enzymes(lipase, proteases, disaccharidases) and hormones (insulin, glucagon)Liver – produces bile (mechanical digestionof fat)Gall Bladder – stores bile
Identify typical pH values found in various parts of the digestive system
Describe the functions of enzymes in the context of macronutrient digestion
• What are enzymes?- biological catalysts (speed up catabolic and anabolic
reactions)- made of proteins
LIPASE
Fats ----------------- Fatty acids and glycerolcarbohydrases
Polysaccharides ---------- monosaccharides proteases
Proteins ---------- Amino acids
Cont’d• All enzymes are effected by the temperature and
pH of the solution they are in• (salivary amylase/pancreatic amylase. Why twice?)• Why super high fevers are deadly
So why are enzymes sonecessary for digestion
• Metabolism can be accelerated by temperature increases….but at what costs?
• Enzymes allow metabolism to occur at relative low temperatures (98.6)
• http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html
List the digestive enzymes that are responsible for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins
Describe the absorption of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids from the intestinal lumen to the digestive capillary network.
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• Monosaccharides and amino acids (blood); fat (lymph)