Section IIArtificial Insemination

Technique

Deposit semen at the right place

90% lost due to retrograde flow (Mitchell et al. 1985)

Can horn breeding reduce retrograde loss and help to

improve fertility???

Horn vs. body depositionPositive effect No effect Negative effect

Zavos et al., 1985Lopez-Gatius and Camon-Urgel, 1988Senger et al., 1988Seidel et al., 1999 (1/5)Pursley et al., 2004Drisken et al., 2004

Elliott, 1944Brandt et al., 1946Knight et al., 1951Salisbury and VanDemark, 1951Olds et al., 1953Macpherson, 1968Williams et al., 1988Momont et al., 1989McKenna et al., 1990Lang-Ree, 1992Grieger et al., 1998Seidel et al., 1999 (4/5)Kurykin et al., 2003Andersson et al., 2004Verberckmoes et al, 2004Drisken et al., 2004

Graves et al., 1991 (P < 0.10)

Effects of horn breeding (bilateral) with low cell number doses (1 - 3 x 106) of sexed

semen on AI conception rate

0

40

80

1 2 3 4 5

Study

Perc

en

t

Body Horn

(Adapted from Seidel et al., 1999, Therio. 52:1407)

*

n = 48 50 52 48 86 86 29 32 24 14

Ipsilateral comparable to contralateral after deep unilateral semen deposition

Hawk and Tanabe, 1986

Larsson, 1986

Pallares et al.,1986

Momont et al., 1989

López-Gatius, 1996

Seidel et al., 1997

Get semen through cervix!!!

Summary

Be gentle – don’t use too much force

Two step processGet gun to the cervix

Pass cervix over the gun

Deposit semen in uterine body

Take your time

Relax

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