Second Great Awakening: The Frontier Revival1.America after the Revolution

A. Families without fathersB. Congregations without pastorsC. Liberalism

1)French deism2)Unitarianism

D. Economic distress1)Destruction and dislocation2)Inflation

E. Soldiers’ hostility1)Wider experiences2)Arrogance of suffering

2.The Kingdom strikes backA. Timothy Dwight at Yale (1795-1817)

Second Great Awakening: The Frontier Revival1.America after the Revolution

A. Families without fathersB. Congregations without pastorsC. Liberalism

1)French deism2)Unitarianism

D. Economic distress1)Destruction and dislocation2)Inflation

E. Soldiers’ hostility1)Wider experiences2)Arrogance of suffering

2.The Kingdom strikes backA. Timothy Dwight at Yale (1795-1817)B. 150 NE churches “were visited with

times of refreshing from the presence of the Lord.”

C. The frontier

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5

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25

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35

1790

1800

1810

1820

1830

1840

1850

1860

Population

1) National growth: 3.9 to 9.6 in 30 years mostly on the frontier2) Regional growth

a. Kentucky 1792 73,000b. Tennessee 1796 77,000

3) Revivalsa. Pioneersb. Camp meetings

1] James McGreadyCommunion service at Gasper River church inJuly of 1800

2] Barton W. StoneCommunion service at Cane Ridge in Augustof 1801 25,000 came

3] The exercisesFalling

JerksDancing

BarkingLaughing

RunningSinging

C.Camp meetings move eastEastern Methodists incorporate camp meeting practicesSpeedy conversion--altar--urgency

D. Charles G. Finney brings frontier, lower class practices to the sophisticated, Calvinist East 1)Background (1792-1875)2)New measures

a.Protracted nightly meetingsb.Female participationc.Anxious benchd.Publicitye.Preaching about specific sins

and praying for specific peoplef. Free will

3)Success begins at Rochester, NY4)Conflict with eastern ministers over revival

Are revivals worked up or prayed down?“Bringing souls to Christ is no more a mystery and no less a miracle than growing corn.”

5)Theological innovationsa.Entire sanctificationb.Abolitionismc.Feminismd.Postmillenialisme.Temperance

3. Differences in American religionA. ArminianismB. Upward social mobilityC.Use of meansD.Hope for reform

4. Differences from First Great AwakeningA.Longer duration (1795-1835 v. 1734-42) B. HeterogeneityC.TheologyD. InstitutionalismE. Social impact

anti-slaveryfeminism

peaceprison reform

temperanceeducation

Sabbath observance