Science & Technology in Society Science & Technology in Society forumforum

- Lights and Shadows -- Lights and Shadows -

Hiroyuki YoshikawaPresident

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

World Science Forum - BudapestWorld Science Forum - Budapest11 November 2005: Hungarian Academy of Sciences11 November 2005: Hungarian Academy of Sciences

STS STS forumforum: Fundamental Concept (1): Fundamental Concept (1)

This forum aims to provide a new mechanism for open discussions on an informal basis, and to build a community that would, in time, resolve new types of problems stemming from the application of science and technology.

STS STS forumforum; Fundamental Concept (2); Fundamental Concept (2)

✯ 20th century’s progress of Science & Technology ➣ Brought prosperity and enriched the quality of life for much mankind. ➣ However, benefits are not reaching a major part of the world’s people. ➣ Advance of science and technology raises important issues; - increasingly complex in context of the globalized world, - beyond the control of any single country, - beyond the reach of the scientific community alone, - benefit sometimes turns into evils (e.g.) - harmonizing economic development with global warming,　　　　 - preventing terrorism, - controlling infectious diseases, - assessing the potential health benefits and ethical factors related to human cloning technology, etc…

STS STS forumforum; Fundamental Concept (3); Fundamental Concept (3)

✯ 21st century’s progress of Science & Technology ➣ expected to accelerate and be required to provide for sustainable human development !

Science and Technology in Society Forum (STS forum) Multi-national, multi-stakeholder approach is indispensable. The leaders of scientist, politician, businessman in the world meet and discuss crucial matters for the future of humankind.

The Time has come for not only academicians and researchers but also legislators, business people and journalists from all over the world to meet and discuss science and technology issues.

STS STS forumforum; Organization; Organization

World Leaders agree the concept of the STS forum and considering topics what we should discuss to solve current global issues.

✯ Initial Founders ；

➣ Mr. Koji Omi, Member, House of Representative, Former Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy (JPN) ➣ Prof. Bruce Alberts, Former President, National Academy of Science (USA) ➣ Lord Sainsbury of Turville, Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Science and Innovation (UK) ➣ Prof. Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, President, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (JPN), Former President of ICSU

✯ Council Members; ➣ 48 Council Members from 19 countries and region, 1 int’l organization

(as of October 2005)

✯ Secretariat (Tokyo, JPN)

STS STS forumforum; Summary 2005 (1); Summary 2005 (1)

The Second Annual Meeting: Sept. 11-13 in Kyoto, Japan

✯ Approx. 500 World Leaders from 56 countries and regions participated in totalScientists and researchers including 10 Nobel Laureates and 22 university presidents, policymakers including 17 ministers, business executives and opinion leaders

✯ Overall Theme of the Second Annual Meeting： Sustainable FutureHis Imperial Highness the Crown Prince of Japan addressed:

“Science and technology should be used appropriately for the future of our planet earth, including all the living species and the environment, in addition to human beings..”

Mr. Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan addressed；“ Environmental protection and economic development are mutually achievable and sustainable. It is science and technology that hold the key to achieving the dual goals. ”

STS STS forumforum; Summary 2005 (2); Summary 2005 (2)6 – Plenary Session, 24 – Concurrent Session, Official Dinner, Working Lunch, and other various events

Themes of Plenary Sessions: - - Science and Technology in Society;Science and Technology in Society;

- Women in Science (Luncheon Session);- Women in Science (Luncheon Session);

- Summaries from Concurrent Sessions;- Summaries from Concurrent Sessions;

- Innovation as a Source of Growth;- Innovation as a Source of Growth;

- Act Now for the Future- Act Now for the Future

FFEEDDCCBBAASustainability Sustainability – Energy and – Energy and EnvironmentEnvironment

Life Life SciencesSciences

IT’s Impact oIT’s Impact on Human Socn Human Soc

ietyiety

Capacity Capacity BuildingBuilding

Human Human SecuritySecurity

New New FrontiersFrontiers

Themes of Concurrent Sessions:

STS STS forumforum; Summary 2005 (3); Summary 2005 (3)

Concurrent Sessions (A and B series):

A) Sustainability – Energy and Environment - Global Warming and CO2 Emission Control - Longterm Energy Paths - Strategies for Efficient and Renewable Energy Use

B) Life Sciences: - Ethical Aspects of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine - New Applications of Genomics to Agriculture - Translation of Science to the Marketplace: The Development of Medicine for Global Health

STS STS forumforum; Summary 2005 (4); Summary 2005 (4)

Concurrent Sessions (C and D series):

C) IT’s Impact on Human Society: - Interoperatibility

- Digital Archiving

- Security / Privacy

D) Capacity Building: - Science Education and Communication

- University Reform

- Intellectual Property Rights

STS STS forumforum; Summary 2005 (5); Summary 2005 (5)

Concurrent Sessions (E and F series):

E) Science and Technology for Human Security: - Infectious Diseases - Science and Technology to Reduce the Vulnerability of Critical Infrastructures - Science and Technology against Natural Disasters

F) New Frontiers Opened by Science and Technology: - New Frontiers Opened by IT (Information and Communication Technology) - New Frontiers Opened by NT (Nano-Technology) - New Frontiers Opened by Manufacturing

STS STS forum forum 2005: STATEMENT (1)2005: STATEMENT (1)

“It is important for all people, regardless of their background, to consider Science and Technology to consider Science and Technology issues as their own.issues as their own.

Recognizing that both the Lights and Shadows of the Lights and Shadows of Science and Technology will have a great impact on Science and Technology will have a great impact on the human racethe human race, we agreed that Science and Science and Technology should not control Humankind; Humankind Technology should not control Humankind; Humankind should control Science and Technologyshould control Science and Technology.”

Framework for Sustainable Future:Framework for Sustainable Future: A practical and effective framework that all countries will participate in, to deal with CO2 emissions and other climate-forcing emissions.

Renewable Energy Sources:Renewable Energy Sources: Further Development of renewable energy sources: Solar, Biomass, Hydrogen, and, Nuclear Fission Power under strict conditions of safety and non-proliferation

Bioethics Issues:Bioethics Issues: To try to establish common international standards concerning bioethics that will enable researchers in all countries to collaborate and

have the opportunity to be equally productive in their research activities

STS STS forum forum 2005: STATEMENT (2)2005: STATEMENT (2)

STS STS forum forum 2005: STATEMENT (3)2005: STATEMENT (3)

ICT’s impact on Human Society:ICT’s impact on Human Society:Further development of ICT will build a thriving future for humankind.Interoperability, Security and Privacy Protection are imperative for information society.Digital Archiving for equal access to science and technology knowledge is important.Resolving the digital divide issue will be of common benefit to humankind.

Education for All:Education for All: Universal access to education, regardless of gender, race or national origin, is vital for our future.

Intellectural Property Rights (IPR):Intellectural Property Rights (IPR): A global, integrated system of IPR was proposed and supported by many participants.

STS STS forum forum 2005: STATEMENT (4)2005: STATEMENT (4)

Science and Technology for Human Security:Science and Technology for Human Security:Against Terrorism: To prevent the use of science and technology by terrorists; To use science and technology to defend against terrorismAgainst Infectious Diseases Developing vaccines and medical therapies against infectious diseases like AIDS is crucial for mankind’s future and is one of the most important fields where science and technology can make a contribution. Against Natural Disasters International cooperation to establish early warning, human safety and rescue systems is strongly needed.

STS forum, the scene of the latest Science and Technology:STS forum, the scene of the latest Science and Technology: STS forum serves as an important venue for exchanging views on the latest discoveries and innovations in Science and Technology and their impact on humankind.

STS STS forumforum; Format of the Sessions; Format of the Sessions

CONCURRENT SESSIONS

Panel

Participants

PLENARY SESSIONSand 1st Series of CONCURRENT SESSIONS

Speaker

Participants

Rapporteur

STS STS forum forum 2005; Scenes from the Sessions2005; Scenes from the Sessions

a

b

p

o

STS STS forum forum 2005: Participants(1)2005: Participants(1)

Academia: 38%Academia: 38%

Business: 27%Business: 27%

Policy Makers: 15%Policy Makers: 15%

OthersOthers (Media, NPOs, NGOs, etc.)(Media, NPOs, NGOs, etc.): 20%: 20%

Participated Principals in % – Constituency

STS STS forum forum 2005: Participants(2)2005: Participants(2)No. Nationality

Princi-pals

No. Nationality

Princi-pals

No. Nationality

Princi-pals

1 AUSTRALIA 4 21 INDONESIA 1 41 PAKISTAN 1

2 AUSTRIA 5 22 IRAN 1 42 PHILIPPINES 1

3 BANGLADESH 1 23 IRELAND 2 43 PORTUGAL 1

4 BELGIUM 2 24 ISRAEL 1 44 ROMANIA 1

5 BRAZIL 8 25 ITALY 3 45 RWANDA 1

6 BULGARIA 1 26 JAMAICA 1 46 SINGAPORE 3

7 CANADA 12 27 JAPAN 114 47 SOUTH AFRICA 2

8 CHINA 5 28 KAZAKHSTAN 1 48 SUDAN 2

9 CHINESE TAIPEI 1 29 KENYA 2 49 SWEDEN 5

10 CZECH REPUBLIC 3 30 KOREA 6 50 SWITZERLAND 4

11 DENMARK 2 31 LITHUANIA 3 51 TAJIKISTAN 1

12 EGYPT 9 32 LUXEMBOURG 1 52 THAILAND 19

13 FINLAND 7 33 MALAWI 1 53 TUNISIA 1

14 FRANCE 11 34 MALAYSIA 3 54 U.K. 16

15 GERMANY 20 35 MOZAMBIQUE 1 55 U.S.A. 79

16 GREECE 2 36 MYANMAR 1 56 VIETNAM 3

17 HONG KONG 1 37 NETHERLANDS 6 　

18 HUNGARY 2 38 NEW ZEALAND 2 Principals Total 396

19 ICELAND 1 39 NORWAY 1 Accompanying Persons 88

20 INDIA 7 40 OMAN 1 Spouses 29

Reporting Press 52

Grand Total 565

STS STS forum forum 2005: Participants(3)2005: Participants(3)

Participated Principals in number – Nationalities

INDIA, 7

J APAN, 114

U.S.A., 79

GERMANY, 20THAILAND, 19

U.K., 16CANADA, 12

FRANCE, 11EGYPT, 9

BRAZIL, 8FINLAND, 7

HUNGARY, 2

STS STS forumforum; Participation; Participation

✯ Modalities for Participation:

➣ Participation upon invitation only.

➣ Participants are requested to make their own travel arrangements to the venue.

➣ Participation fee: US$1,000 (business), US$500 (other)

This covers all sessions (including simultaneous interpretation into English whenever necessary, documents and all meals mentioned in the program). In order to facilitate networking amongst participants, a Japanese cell phone will be rented fee of charge to all principal participants, together with a telephone list.

➣ Accompanying spouse programs and other post-conference tours (science and technology focused) in the region will be organized.

➣Registration will be made online.

History of Society-Scientists CommunicationHistory of Society-Scientists Communication （（ In the case of Global Warming)In the case of Global Warming)

1860 Tyndall : Indication of possibility of climate change due to constituent change of air

1896 Svante Arrhenius : Calculation of air temperature increase when doubled the CO2 content in the air

1958 Charles Keeling : Beginning of CO2 observation

1967 Shukuro Manabe : Calculation of temperature increase by CO2

( CO2 doubled 2.4 ? C)

1979 US National Academy of Sciences : (CO2 doubled 3 ? C ±1.5˚C)

1985 SCOPE(ICSU) + WMO + UNEP : Science – Society collaboration International Conference on the Assessment of the Role of Carbon Oxide and of Other Green House Gases in Climate Variation and Associated Impacts, Villach-Austria

1986 ICSU : Inauguration of IGBP

1987 Vireggio Conf. : Representatives of National Governments1987 (Sustainable Development by Brundtland)1998 Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) 1st Meeting1999 Huston Summit, Framework Convention for Climate Change (FCCC) proposal1991 1st Meeting of FCCC1991 ASCEND by ICSU1992 Adoption of FCCC1992 UNCED ( Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro ) by UN1992~ Conferences of the Parties (COP)1997 COP-3 Kyoto Protocol2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg) by UN

J. Fourier (1827) “Greenhouse Effect”

J.Tyndall (1860) Effect of air constituent to climate

S.Arrhenius (1896) Calculation of CO2/Temperature

C. Keeling (1958) Measurement of CO2

S. Manabe, R. Wetherald (1967) Calculation of CO2/Temperature

J. Bruce (Villach Conf. ,1985) Consensus among ScientistsG. Brundtland (UN Commission, 1987) Earth Summit (1992) Acceptance by Society

1800

1850

1900

1950

2000

Observation

Warning

Action

A Process : Observation Warning ActionA Process : Observation Warning Action

Information Cycle for Better Use of Scientific Information Cycle for Better Use of Scientific Knowledge Knowledge

(Scientists in Society)

DesigningScientists

Actors

Advices andknowledgefor actions

Data and theory

Facts

ObservingScientists

Society, Environment

Actions

Actors in Society

engineers business humans statesmen policymakers administrators educators writers artists journalists

etc…

Conditions of STS Conditions of STS ForumForum

1.Equal Footing Statesmen, Businessmen and Scientists have equal responsibility for organizing and running the forum.

2.Individual Participation Any participants are not representing institutions they belong to, but personal.

3.Wide view Participants are not requested deep specific expertise but wisdom backed by wide knowledge.

4.New perspective This forum aims at creating new perspective for science and society.

Better Communication Between Society and Scientists

STS STS forumforum; Plan 2006; Plan 2006

➣ Date: Sunday 10 – Tuesday 12, September, 2006

➣ Venue: Kyoto International Conference Hall, Japan(http://www.kich.or.jp/en/index.html)

STS STS forumforum; Contact; ContactFor more information for STS forum, Please contact to:

STS forum Secretariat (in Tokyo, Japan)

Tel: +81-3-3519-3351; Fax: +81-3-3519-3352

E-Mail: information@stsforum.org; URL: http://www.stsforum.org