science process skills how to think and act like a scientist

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Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

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Page 1: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

Science Process Skills

How to think and act like a scientist

Page 2: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

OBSERVING

• Using one or more of the senses (seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, or touching) to find out about objects and/or events.

• A fact learned directly through the senses; not an interpretation or explanation of what is observed.

• Can be enhanced by using instruments such as hand lenses or microscopes

• Two Types– Quantitative – measurements using numbers– Qualitative – measurements using descriptive

words

Page 3: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

COMMUNICATING

• Giving or exchanging information from one person to another person (oral or written)– Making drawings, diagrams, pictures,

photographs, maps, symbols– Constructing tables, charts, graphs– Writing reports

*Until something is communicated, it isn’t learned!*

Page 4: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

CLASSIFYING

• Begins with observing similarities and differences among objects and/or events in order to group things according to a scheme

Page 5: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

ESTIMATING AND MEASURING

• Quantitative observations using standardized measuring tools or non-standardized measuring tools– Measurements may be about

• Area, length, volume, angle, temperature, time, force, mass, density, speed, etc.

– Standardized measuring tools:• Rulers, balances, graduated cylinders, protractors,

thermometers, stopwatches, etc.

– Non-standardized measuring tools:• Paper clips, cups, etc.

Page 6: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

INFERRING

• Draw conclusions based on information that is NOT directly observed; based on past experiences

Page 7: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

PREDICTING

• Are always based on prior knowledge gained through experiences or data that is collected

• NOT a wild guess – based on observations and inferences

• To predict accurately, you need to make careful observations and inferences about the relationships between observed events

• Predictions can be tested to determine their validity

Page 8: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

DEFINING OPERATIONALLY

• Operational definition – definition of an object or event based on your experience with it

• A “doing definition”

Page 9: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

MAKING MODELS

• Developing a physical or conceptual representation to explain an idea, object, or event– Physical models

• Can be made from clay, paper, boxes, straws, toothpicks, etc.

– Conceptual models• Can be diagram, cross-section, map,

formula, etc.

Page 10: Science Process Skills How to think and act like a scientist

INVESTIGATION

• THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD!!!!