M O Z U B A

CHAPTER

4 Prepared by :

Mohd Zulhida Bin Badarudin

Schoo

l Im

prove

men

t thro

ugh

Syste

mat

ic P

lannin

g

M O Z U B A

EXPECTA

TIONS F

OR

STUDENT

LEARNIN

G

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WHAT?

Expected outcomes

for students?

Principal want the

students to know & be able to do?

Values the principal wish the

students to hold?

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Gain clarification through the

development

Expectation for student learning &

achievements

GOAL

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IMPORTANT

knowledge

abilitiesskills

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Process of Developing A Shared Vision of Student

Expectations

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Review of the documents – improvement

planning

Review of current practice &

though

Develop a statement of

desired result for student learning

1

2

3

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Review of the

documents

Vision (beliefs)

Mission(goals)

School profile (data

gathered)

1

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Analysis of the documents will…

Help to identify the expectations

Identify current learning level

Reflect them to the vision & mission

1

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Review of current

practice & though

Research &

theory

Current school,

district & national

goals

Frameworks or

approaches to curriculum

design

2

National curriculum

organization

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Develop a statement of

desired result for student learning

(include the desire…)

Knowledge

SkillsAbilities

3

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The entire process must be…

Multiyear

MulticyclePart of 5 years strategic plan

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5 to 10 goals should be identified

2 or 3 goals becoming a major focus

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Too many goals

Positive result are harder to achieve

Focus is lost

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Analysis of Instructional and Organizational effectiveness

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Purpose of the analysis

(to examine…)

Quality of the work of

students

Quality of the work of the school

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Org

an

izati

on

al

Com

pon

en

ts

Curricular Organization

Instructional Processes

Student Grouping Practices

Staff Organization

The Scheduling of Learning Time

Facility Utilization & Design

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Practices of Leadership

in The School

Learning Community

Building

Use of Technology

Effectiveness of the school

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Process of Investigating

the Instructional & Organizational Effectiveness

Document Review

Faculty Survey

Observation & Interview

M O Z U B A

ACTION P

LANNIN

G /

PROJE

CT MANAGEMENT

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Contains of

Action Plan

Description of the several activities to

achieve

Relationship of the activities

Implementations of the activities

Time frame & chronology of

activities

Evaluation process

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Problem Analysis

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Problems (must be analyze)

Action Plan

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Problems Analysis

Point

HELPFULForce Field Analysis

(Kurt Lewin)_________________*Physical Law

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PHYSICAL LAW

+veForces

-veForces

Organization

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PHYSICAL LAW

+ve

Forces

Organization

• “Driving” forces• Current conditions• Actions present • In the organization, community, &

society• Encourage

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PHYSICAL LAW

-veForces

Organization

• “Restraining” forces• Conditions• Actions• In the organization, community, &

society• Discourage / inhibited

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PHYSICAL LAW

+ve

Forces

-ve

Forces

Organization

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PHYSICAL LAW

+veForces

-veForcesOrganization

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PHYSICAL LAW

+veForces

-veForces

Organization

=

*FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS*

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Help to observe the phenomenon in organization

which is…

Productivity of school

staff

State of the school / community

relations program

Success level of the intramural

program

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Force Field Analysis

Explain (and change observable situations

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FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS

+veForces

-veForces POWER

+-

=

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FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS

+veForces

-veForces

POWER

=

FROZEN : no movement

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“Unfreeze” may be created by______________

*FORCES

Addition

Deletions Strength

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FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS

+ve

Forces

-veForces

UNFREEZE the organizations

+ve

Forces

PO

WER

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FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS

+ve

Forces

UNFREEZE the organizations

+ve

Forces

PO

WER

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FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS

+ve

Forces

-veForces

UNFREEZE the organizations

PO

WER

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Generating Action Plans

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Force Field Analysis

[completed]

Generate Ideas

Activities

Help solve the problems

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The Indiana

Goal Action Plan

Visions

Goals

Plan

Timeline

Anticipated Problems

Preventions

Baseline

Expectations

Proof

Celebration

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The Project Planning Document

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PROBLEMS

Mental Process

Logic & Steps

Planning Documents

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Project Managers’s

guide

Monitoring device

The Documen

t

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Comprehensive Problem

Resolution Document

State Project Goal

Deliniated Activities

Establish target dates

Identify specific person

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Task are clearly spelled

out

Made aware

• What is being attempted

• How• Who is responsible• When• For what

Point of

Project Planning Document

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Putting The Plan Into Operation

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Project devided into series of activities

Project

Activity

Activity

Activity

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ACTIVITIES

EventsElements or

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Conclude the

activity

Assigned responsibilities

Accepted responsibilities

Complition of the

activities

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Realistic target dates

(established)

Project calendar(developed)

Monitoring Process

(put into place)

Evaluation Process

(put into place))

BEFORE PROCEEDING

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Establishing Target Dates

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Target Dates

Starting times

Completion times

Each saparate activities

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The nuances of the problems

Certain organizational realities

Capabilities of the staff

TO SET REALISTIC TARGET DATES(those involve in the project must understand…)

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Pessimistic date

[unaticipated problems

arose]

Optimistic date

[all went well]

QUESTIONS

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REALISTIC TARGET DATE

Pessim

istic date

s

Opti

mis

tic

date

s

M O Z U B A

THE P

ROJECT

CALENDAR :

GANTT C

HARTIN

G

Activities Delineated

Activities Detailed

Responsibilities Assigned

Master Schedule Designed

Master Schedule Posted

GANTT

CHART

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GANTT CHART

Project activities

listed

Task composing

listed

Targeted starting

date

Completion dates of

each entry

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The Master Project Document

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PLACED

Comprehensive problem

resolution document

Key personnel check list

Gantt Chart

Minutes of team meeting

Diary entries

Other notes

*Responsibility of the Project Manager

*To help future project manager

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Monitoring & Evaluating The Project

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Project Manager

Responsibility

Help the project team

stay on schedule

Help keep the project

on target

Help to adapt

changes in the

environment

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Summative Evaluation

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Regular monitoring

Formative evaluation

Summative evaluation

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How the project

resulted in the desire outcome?

Are things better?

What worked?

What did not work?

What should

be continue

?

What should not

be continued?

What should be in summative evaluation?

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HYPOTHESIS

Make it specific &

clear

Form the evaluation

process

From the several

activities

Must be tested

Determine whether the result were sufficient to

justify continued expenditure of

resources

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Determining The

Effectiveness of the project

Review of test data

Survey of teachers &

administrators

Circulation rates

Formal& informal feedback

(students & parents)

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For maximum

benefit

Need to be investigated

Any change made

(energies)Other

resources

May be that certain of the activities were

more productive than others

M O Z U B A

SUMMARY

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School Improvement

Process

Systematic problem

resolution

Goal setting

Systematic problem

identification

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Analyze current

condition

Analyze future

challenge

Develop goals

Implement strategies

Ability of

leaders

Pro

du

cti

vit

y o

f S

ch

ool O

rgan

izati

on

s

dep

en

ds o

n…