Schizophrenia

Lecture of 2-14-07

Symptoms

• Psychosis– Lack of touch with reality

• Delusions– Erroneous beliefs

• Hallucinations– False sensory perceptions

• Too much dopamine or not enough glutamate

Paranoid Schizophrenia

• Delusions of grandeur

• Believe they are special with special powers

• Believe that they are persecuted

• Defensive against imagined enemies

Disorganized Schizophrenia

• Incoherent speech (word salad!)

• Hallucinations

• Inappropriate behavior for the situation (laugh at funerals, act like a little child)

• Thought patterns don’t make sense

Catatonic Schizophrenia

• Waxy/wooden behavior or hyperactive

• Immobile or frenzied

• Like to play ‘statue’

Undifferentiated or Simple Schizophrenia

• Disturbances of thought that do not fall into other categories

• Mild form of schizophrenia

• Normal under all other measures.

Alan Alda's Mother had Schizophrenia From Never Have Your Dog Stuffed : And Other Things I've Learned:

"My mother didn't try to stab my father until I was six," Just as profound was his mother's losing battle with mental illness; Alda spent much of his adult life attempting to reconcile his resentment of her outbursts and unmanageable behavior coupled with her unbridled enthusiasm for life and encouragement.

After years of battling schizophrenia brought on by drug use, the former Fleetwood Mac guitarist (and co-founder), Peter Green, is going on tour.

Once one of the most feted guitarists in British rock, Green became the ultimate acid casualty and spent time over a period of years in mental hospitals and clinics undergoing electroconvulsive therapy. He gave away much of his money. His wildly unpredictable behavior was splashed across the tabloid press, and he acknowledges that his illness was brought on by hallucinogenic drugs that his delicate mental equilibrium could not handle.

                                                                                                                                                   

 

Rumours of Fleetwood MacPeter Green and Fleetwood Mac tribute band on stage in

                                                                                                                                                   

 

Rumours of Fleetwood MacPeter Green and Fleetwood Mac tribute band on stage in

Syd Barrett, a founding member of the band "Pink Floyd" and one of the most legendary rock stars to develop a mental illness - most likely schizophrenia (triggered, it is said, by significant drug use as well as the stress and pressure of his career), died from complications related to diabetes. He had been living in a cottage in Cambridge, England. He was 60 years old.

James Beck Gordon (Jim Gordon, on the right… Jackson Browne on the left) - James Beck Gordon had been, quite simply, one of the greatest drummers of his time. In the Sixties and Seventies he had played with John Lennon, George Harrison, Eric Clapton, the Everly Brothers, the Beach Boys, Judy Collins, Joe Cocker, Frank Zappa, Duane Allman, Carly Simon, Jackson Browne and Joan Baez. But the music came to and end as he developed schizophrenia.

Mary Todd Lincoln

Other disorders

Lecture of 2-15

Anxiety disorders-Types• Phobias

• Post-traumatic stress disorders

• Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Symptoms• Panic attacks

• Pain and tightness of muscles in chest or neck

• Feeling light headed or faint

• Profuse sweating, clammy hands

Kim Basinger suffers from anxiety disorder

Anxiety Disorder(s): Panic disorder with agoraphobia. For a time, Kim Basinger's fears left her homebound. "I stayed in my house and literally cried every day. I didn't know what it was. I didn't know how to define it," Basinger states in Panic, an HBO American Undercover documentary. Basinger describes herself as a shy child but experienced her first panic attack in her mid-twenties, when her career was taking off. The panic became bad once again during the media attention prior to her Oscar win.

Earl Campbell

Anxiety Disorder(s): Panic disorder. After retiring from the NFL and while working for the University of Texas, Earl Campbell had his first panic attack when waiting at a stoplight while driving home one day, according to his Web site. He did not know what it was and did not tell anyone. That night, another attack hit him while sleeping. He was rushed to the hospital but nothing was found wrong. After hiding in his bedroom for a month, Campbell reached out for help.

Phobias

• Intense, irrational fear to a stimulus

Obsessive-Compulsive disorder

• Thought AND behavior disorder

• Obsessions:– Persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts.

• Note that obsessions are different than worries…

• Common obsessions: dirt, death, wanting to harm others…

• Compulsions:– Repeated ritualistic behaviors the person does

to get rid of stress.• Examples: washing, counting, touching, checking…

Howie Mandel (1955 - )Voted one of the 100 best stand-up comedians of all time, Howie Mandel first became known for his role in the tv series, "St. Elsewhere," and later for "Bobby's World."  Plagued by a long-standing germ obsession, he avoids shaking hands with people and even built a second "sterile" house where he can retreat to if he fears catching germs from anyone, even his family.

David Beckham (1975 - )

This talented soccer player ("footballer") from the UK has recently admitted that he struggles with his OCD:  ""I've got this obsessive compulsive disorder where I have to have everything in a straight line or everything has to be in pairs. I'll put my Pepsi cans in the fridge and if there's one too many then I'll put it in another cupboard somewhere. I'll go into a hotel room and before I can relax, I have to move all the leaflets and all the books and put them in a drawer. Everything has to be perfect." (Source - The Independent Online, April 2, 2006).

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

• Victims of a disaster, violent crime, or war re-experience the event in nightmares, flashbacks, or reduced involvement in their former activities,

Nov. 10, 2004: U.S. Marine in Iraq.He's quieter now -- easier to anger. He turns to fight at the sound of a backfire, can't look at fireworks without thinking of fire raining down on a city. He has trouble sleeping, and when he does, his fingers twitch on invisible triggers. The diagnosis: post-traumatic stress disorder. "I don't see a whole lot," he said. "I see a day I won't care to remember, but that I'll never forget."

How do the approaches treat anxiety disorders?

• Biological: – General anxiety is treated with benzodiazepenes like valium

or xanax.– Obsessive-compulsive disorder is treated with antidepressants

• Learning:– Systematic desensitization to give relaxation to a fear stimulus

• Cognitive:– Re-think or confront the thoughts that are causing pain.

Cognitive restructuring: turn thoughts into structured plans or realistic behaviors.