sap sd overview

R/3

FIFinancial

Accounting

COControlling

PSProjectSystem

WFWorkflow

ISIndustry

Solutions

MMMaterials

Mgmt.

HRHuman

Resources

SDSales &

Distribution

PPProductionPlanning

QMQuality

ManagementPM

Plant Maintenance

SMServiceManage-

ment Integrated SolutionClient / ServerOpen Systems

ECEnterpriseControlling

AMFixed Assets

Mgmt.

Sales and Distribution (SD) Overview

SD• Mechanisms to execute the business

processes used in the selling, shipping and billing of products and services

• Tightly coupled data flow to the other SAP modules — Integration

• Flexible and robust functionality that is tailored through configuration

SD Components

SalesSupport

MasterData

Shipping

Sales

ForeignTrade

Billing

SalesInfo

System

Transportation

SD Overview — Master Data• Detailed information about customers,

materials and business partners• Flexible data structures that support the

business environment• Specialized master data to support sales

order processing

SD Overview — Sales Support• Provides the functionality to support the staff

involved in business development and customer service processes

• Primary functions– Sales Prospects– Contact Persons– Competitors and Competitive Products– Sales Activities– Direct Marketing

SD Overview — Sales• Primary base for

customer order management

• Highly customizable• Sophisticated pricing• Integrated ATP• Integrated credit

management

• Sampling of functions– Inquiries & Quotes– Sales Orders– Returns– Contracts & Scheduling

Agreements– Consignment– Rush Orders & Cash Sales– Back Orders & Subsequent

Deliveries– Credit & Debit Memo

Requests

SD Overview — Shipping• Main functions

– Picking, Packing & Inventory management– Generate Shipping Documents

• Transportation Management– Routes– Transportation Scheduling

• Delivery Scheduling, Returns Deliveries & Stock Transfer

SD Overview — Billing• Invoice Generation — automatic or

manual• Comprehensive set of billing functions • Linked documents — e.g. invoice & credit

memo• Real-time integration with finance (FI)• Fully integrated and comprehensive

pricing

SD Overview — S I S• Flexible tool that allows one to collect,

consolidate, and utilize data from sales and distribution processing

• A component of the Logistic Information System (LIS)

Transportation

Foreign Trade

Sales & Distribution

- Process Flow -

Supply Chain Process

Customer Order Picking Goods Issue

BillingAccounts ReceivableFinal Payment

SAP Process Steps

QuotationSalesOrder

Sales

Shipping DeliveryNote

PickingPost Goods

Issue

Billing Billing

FIA/R

PostIncomingPayment

Sales Documents

Sales — Inquiry & Quotation• Support pre-sales processes• Are time sensitive• Automatic availability check• Automatic pricing• No impact to FI• Can be used as reference documents

Sales — Sales Order• Core of customer

order management• No impact to G/L• Can reference

existing documents• Copies key

information from master data

• Automated standard functions ...– availability check– MRP updating– pricing– credit check– delivery scheduling– export control– shipping & route

determination

Shipping — Delivery Note• Initiates the shipping process• Control document for shipping processes

— maintains status of each processing step

• Re-confirms: availability, credit, foreign trade, delivery scheduling

• Facilitates transportation planning

Shipping — Picking & Packing• Picking: Physical activity of moving goods

from the warehouse for further processing (packing, loading)

• Packing: Determines packing materials and packing details

• Advanced processing includes, e.g. batch mgmt., serial number control

Picking

Packing

Shipping — Post Goods Issue• Completes the shipping process• Typically performed when customer takes

ownership• Updates inventory• Updates G/L accounts

– Cost of goods sold– Inventory

Billing• Generate customer invoice• Updates FI

– Customer account– G/L accounts: revenue, discount, etc.

• Applies relevant pricing• Updates customer credit

SD flow

Enterprise Structure


- Organizational Structures -

Sales Organization

BaseballDivision

00

SoftballDivision

01

DirectDistribution Channel

10

BaseballDivision

00

SoftballDivision

01

WholesaleDistribution Channel

20

BaseballDivision

00

SoftballDivision

01

RetailDistribution Channel

30

Domestic SalesSales Organization

1000

BaseballDivision

00

CricketDivision

01


20

EuropeSales Organization

2000

BaseballDivision

00


20

Asia PacificSales Organization

APA

Pastime CorporationCompany Code

1000

Client800

Client

• A client is, in organizational terms, an independent unit in the system. Clients have their own data environment and therefore their own user master and transaction data, assigned user master records and chart of accounts and specific customizing parameters.

• Types of client's: Production client

Golden server/client

Application client

Sand box client

Development client

Company code

Sales Organization• Sells and distributes products, negotiates

terms of sales and is responsible for these business transactions

• Critical organization element to the definition of business markets

• A business transaction is linked to one Sales Organization

Sales Origination

Distribution Channel

• Identifies how products and services reach the customer

• Can be assigned to one or more Sales Organizations

Division• Often times used to define product line

distribution• Organization level to which customer

specific information and requirements are maintained — e.g. pricing, partial delivery

• Assigned to one or more Sales Organizations

Sales Area• Organizational element comprised of:

– Sales Organization– Distribution Channel– Division

• Will be used to link together the organizational aspects of sales to customers

• Used for statistical analysis

Sales Area

Domestic SalesSales Organization

1000

DirectDistribution Channel

10


20

RetailDistribution Channel

30

BaseballDivision

00

SoftballDivision

01

BaseballDivision

00

SoftballDivision

01

BaseballDivision

00

SoftballDivision

01

Sales Office

• Typically defines a territory or market area• Linked to one or more Sales Areas• Optional organization structure

Sales Group

Sales Group– Sub-division of a sales office, territory or

market

Sales Person

Sales Person– Defined in HR — Personnel Admin.– Specifically defines an individual rather than a

position (sales rep.) in sales processing

Plant

• Plant is an organizational unit where the material is processed, procured, maintained.

In sales and distribution, the plant has a central function:• To use the sales and distribution functions in the system,

you need at least one plant.• Each plant is uniquely assigned to a company code.• The assignment between sales organizations and plants

does not have to be unique.• The plant is essential for determining the shipping point.

Storage Location

• Storage location is a place in plant, where in materials has to be stored

Storage Location

Warehouse

Storage type

• Cold storage

Picking Area

Staging Area

Staging area

Storage Bin

Shipping Point & Loading Point

• Shipping Point– Location that performs all delivery related

activities– Assigned a factory calendar– A delivery can be processed from only one

shipping point• Loading Point

– A subdivision of the shipping point used for more specialized handling

Shipping point

Loading Point

Loading group

Transportation Planning Point

Shipping Organization


- Master Data -

sap sd overview

Technology

shipping point

company code

staging area

sales

system

materials

packing

distribution