Sour in taste

Produce H+(hydrogen ions)

Turns blue litmus red

Acids+ metals salt+ hydrogen gas conduct

electricity are corrosive(acid rain)

pH less then 7

Vinegar

Lemon juice

Orange juice

Curd

Tamarind

Amla

Black tea

Apple juice

Unripe mango

grapes

curd, lemon juice, orange juice and vinegar

taste sour. These substances taste sour

because they contain acids. The chemical

nature of such substances is acidic. The

word acid comes from the Latin word acere

which mean sour. The acids in these

substances are nature acids.

hydrochloric stomach acid

sulfuric acid car batteries

nitric acid explosives

acetic acid vinegar

carbonic acid sodas

phosphoric acid flavorings Common Acids

Formic acid ant’s sting

Citric acid lemons, oranges etc.

Lactic acid curd

Oxalic acid spinach

Ascorbic acid amla, citrus fruits

Tartaric acid tamarind, grapes, unripe

mangoes, etc.

Base bitter to taste

Soapy to touch

Water soluble base are called alkalis. All

alkalis are bases but all bases are not alkalis.

Turns red litmus blue

Ph greater then 7

Detergent

Baking soda

Drain cleaner

Antacid base

Ammonia sops(hand, dish)

Lime water

Milk of magnesia

baking soda taste sour? What is its taste?

Since, it does not taste sour it means, that it

has no acids in it. It is bitter in taste. If you

rub the solution between fingers, it feels

soapy on touching are know as base. The

nature of such substances is aid to be basic.

sodium hydroxide - soaps, drain cleaner

magnesium hydroxide - antacids

Aluminum hydroxide - antacid, deodorants

Calcium hydroxide - lime water

Ammonium hydroxide - window cleaners

Magnesium hydroxide - milk of magnesia

ammonium hydroxide - “ammonia” Common

base

Weak base :

potassium carbonate,

sodium carbonate

ammonia

Strong Bases:

sodium hydroxide;

sodium phosphate;

barium hydroxide;

calcium hydroxide

Litmus: A natural indicator

The most commonly used indicator is litmus.

It is extracted from lichens. It has a mauve

(purple) colour in distilled water. When

added to an acidic solution, it turns red and

when added to basic solution it turns blue. It

will be in the form of solution or in the form

of strips of paper, known as litmus paper.

Generally, it is available as red and blue

litmus paper.

Litmus (paper/solution)

Turmeric

China rose

Phenolphthalein (ph)

When an acidic solution is mixed with

a basic solution, both the solutions neutralise the effect of each other.

the reaction between an acid and a base is known as neutralisation. Salt and water are produced in this process with the evolution of heat.

Acid+ base salt+water (heat is evolved)

Hydrochloric acid (HCl)+sodium hydroxide (NaOH) sodium chloride (NaCl)+ water (H2O)