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Tony Castro Sales Engineer

Alpha Technologies

tcastro@alpha.com office: 909-227-1481

www.alpha.com

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Power

Maintenance

System Reliability

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Power

What are the different UPS’s?

Why is this one heavy?

How does this one work?

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Power: Types of UPS’s

Standby UPS

Line-Interactive UPS

Double Conversion On-Line

Standby Ferro UPS

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Power

The standby UPS is the type

UPS widely use

UPS operates on utility

Standby

Light weight and low cost

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Power

Similar to Standby

Multi-Tap Variable Voltage Auto-tapping

Buck and Boost Transformer

Maintain output with brownouts and overvoltage condition

Charging, taps typically 12 volts

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Power: Line Interactive UPS operation

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Power

Online UPS

Double Conversion

How does this one work?

Cost more

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Power: True Uninterruptable UPS

Uninterrupted Output Transfers

AC Line to Standby

Output waveform is minimally affected.

Ferro carries the load through inverter switching time.

High Line & Low Line switching ±15%

Synchronous switching

Standby to AC Line

Phase controlled

CH1= Input Voltage 200V/Div

CH2= output Voltage, 100V/Div

CH1= Input Voltage 200V/Div

CH2= output Voltage, 100V/Div

AC Loss

AC Return

PIM Option

A C O u t p u t 1

A C O u t p u t 2

A C O u t p u t

K1

RV1

RV3

RV2

A C O u t p u t

B LK

WH T

O u t p u t S elec t90VAC

60VAC

75VACB LK

WH T

R EDB LK

.

C1

Relay

Tr an s for m er

Inverter

AC L ine Detector

and

Control Logic

Circuits

Batteries

R em ot eTem p er at u r eS en s or

USM2 Card

C a r dC o m m u n ica t io n sO p t io n a l

P lu g -in M od u le A ssemb ly

Control

O u t p u t Fu s e

R E D

B LKB LK

R E D

A C 2

A C 1

B r eakerC ir c u itB at t er y

( + )

( - )

120VAC Jum pe r240VAC Jum pe r

I n p u t S elec t

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Power - UPS

PIM Option

A C O u t p u t 1

A C O u t p u t 2

A C O u t p u t

K1

RV1

RV3

RV2

A C O u t p u t

B LK

WH T

O u t p u t S elec t90VAC

60VAC

75VACB LK

WH T

R EDB LK

.

C1

Relay

Tr an s for m er

Inverter

AC L ine Detector

and

Control Logic

Circuits

Batteries

R em ot eTem p er at u r eS en s or

USM2 Card

C a r dC o m m u n ica t io n sO p t io n a l

P lu g -in M od u le A ssemb ly

Control

O u t p u t Fu s e

R E D

B LKB LK

R E D

A C 2

A C 1

B r eakerC ir c u itB at t er y

( + )

( - )

120VAC Jum pe r240VAC Jum pe r

I n p u t S elec t

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Why is it we never have time to do

Preventative Maintenance,

yet we can always find time to

fix it after it breaks?

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Preventive Maintenance

Should be performed every 3

to 6 months.

Will find potential failures.

Will save you money.

Staying a step ahead of your

competition.

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Exterior Inspection

Model Number / Serial

Number / Date Code

Controls and Connections

Smart Display Indications

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Interior Inspection

Missing / Not Installed

Options and Parts

Cracked / Broken / Bent

Options and Parts

Disfigured, Charred,

Damaged Options or Parts

Weather Damage, Corrosion,

Dirty

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Power Distribution Board Changes

Removable MOV’s

Integrated Thermistor

Removed Standby Status Relay (SSR)

Floating wires for Anderson Output Connections

Brass hardware for PIM interface

Conformal Coating

Secondary output 1B forthcoming

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Front Panel Connections

Front Panel Connections

AC Output

60/75/90V Taps on 90V models

OUTPUT1 Standard

OUTPUT2 Optional Programmable Breaker

Protection

Battery Input

36 & 48V models

LRI - standard

N+1 Option

Redundancy

Daisy Chain Connection

< 8 mSec Transfer

OUTPUT2 N+1

OUTPUT1

LRI BATTERY

INPUT

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Check AC Output Voltage

Verify AC Output Voltage

60VAC = 63VAC +/- 5%

75VAC = 73VAC +/- 5%

90VAC = 87VAC +/- 5% NORMAL OPERATION

OUTPUT VOLTS 86.6V

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Service Power Supply

The Service Power Supply is a portable, non-standby power supply used to provide conditioned AC power to the load when the main power supply is being serviced. The unit plugs directly into the enclosure’s SPI (Service Power Inserter). Power is transferred from the main power supply using the switch on the SPI.

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Summary

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Planning for

SYSTEM RELIABLITY

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Make the PLAN

WHAT are the goals?

System Reliability =

Happy Customers =

More $$$$$$

(and did I mention it makes you look good too ?)

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Make the PLAN

HOW do I justify the goals?

Planned time and expense

rather than unplanned panic response

to the crisis of the moment.

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Make the PLAN

WHO is going to do it?

Do they have the proper training?

Are they empowered to get the job done?

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Make the PLAN

WHAT is required to accomplish the plan?

Equipment, tools, spare parts

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Make the PLAN

WHAT data are you going to collect?

And more importantly, what are you going to do

with the data?

Use the data to prevent problems before they

happen.

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Something to include

in the plan

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Batteries

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Often the power supply

system is only as reliable

as the

condition of the

batteries !

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Battery “Issues”

Despite improvements in battery chemistry and manufacturing, batteries still age

at unique and individual rates, and…

All broadband power supplies discharge and re-charge the battery system based

on total string data, not individual battery data.

Each battery does not receive an ideal charge – some are overcharged, some are

undercharged.

One bad battery can kill the entire string - due to charging imbalance.

A weak battery reduces the actual system run time.

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Battery Testing

HOW do you know when you have a BAD battery?

Voltage test?

Power supply self-test?

Your supply does have a self-test function, doesn’t it?

Short-duration / high-rate load test?

Conductance or Impedance testing?

How much money is being wasted?

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Battery Testing

Conductance or Impedance testing provides a safe and

reliable method for evaluating batteries.

Injects an AC signal into the battery string.

Can be done without disconnecting the battery.

Reduces personnel risk.

Typically takes about 7-10 seconds per battery.

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Battery Testing

Work smarter, not harder.

Easier tasks translate into tasks more likely to be completed,

and completed correctly.

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Self-Test

Place the Unit into Self-Test

Mode

Verify there is no interruption to the load.

TESTING: 10MIN

BATTERY VOLTS 37.4V

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Verify Open Battery Voltage

Disconnect Batteries from the

Power Supply

Open Circuit Voltage Test

Less than 0.3VDC difference between the batteries.

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Battery Testing

Batteries should be within 0.3VDC of each other under load

OK

11.7vdc

11.6vdc

11.4vdc

Not OK

11.7vdc

11.6vdc

11.0vdc

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Battery “Issues”

Most MSOs would prefer to swap-out only the one weak or failed battery,

not the entire string.

Cost of unnecessary labor to swap-out perfectly good batteries.

Lost value of good batteries changed before end of life.

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Discharge / Recharge 6ea 165GXL

10.5

11

11.5

12

12.5

13

13.5

14

14.5

15

1 5 9

13

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

105

109

113

117

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Time

Batt

. V

olt

.

Time

Bat 1

Bat 2

Bat 3

Bat 4

Bat 5

Bat 6

Enables the battery string to maintain its capacity over life.

HOURS

Typical “Uncontrolled” Battery Charging

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3 Stage Battery Charger

Maximizes Battery Life

Ultimate Three Stage Battery Charger

Bulk - High rate 10A Charger 10 to 80% Constant Current 10A Charger

Provide charge up to ~ 80% of battery Capacity

Brings Battery to 2.25V per Cell

Acceptance - “Tops Off” Battery to 100% Voltage Controlled Charger 2.35V/Cell

Provides charge from 80% to 100% of battery capacity.

Temperature Compensated ~ 3mV/ °C

Float - Maintains Charge at 100% Pulse Charger ~ Maintains 2.25V per Cell -

Safe Long Life Charge Voltage

Temperature Compensated ~ 3mV/ °C

0A

10A

Constant Current Constant VoltagePulsed Voltage

m ax

6 hours or <.5A2.25V/cell

A CCEPT FLOA T

Current Voltage Tim e

B ULK

10

0%

Ch

ar

ge

d

80

% C

ha

rg

ed

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So what’s the solution?

Battery Balancer

A device to increase battery life by maintaining each battery fully charged.

The Battery Balancer keeps the charge on each battery identical.

As if we had an individual battery charger for each battery – effectively charging

each battery instead of the entire string.

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Benefits?

As one battery in a string starts to go bad, the other batteries in the string will

typically be under or over charged, eventually leading to multiple premature

failures.

The battery balancer protects the remaining good batteries from damage

by the weak battery.

The battery balancer allows the replacement of just one battery in a

string, regardless of age.

The battery balancer insures that maximum battery capacity is provided

over the life of the battery.

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Battery inspection

Clean Terminals

Correct Hardware Stack-up

Terminal Protectant

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Battery Terminals

How you hope your battery terminals don’t look !

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Battery Terminals

Nothing between

Battery Cable and

Battery Post !!!

Split Washer

MUST be next

to Nut !!!

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Batteries

Connections

Cables

Check Batteries,

Connections, and Cables

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Battery Shelf Layout

# 1 # 2 # 3

Positive +

Negative -

R T S

• Tape temperature

probe (RTS) to

center Battery

• Maintain spacing

between Batteries

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Improvements in

Status Monitoring

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What comes after Preventative Maintenance?

Status Monitoring

NOT intended to be a replacement for

Preventative Maintenance

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Today, the typical power supply installation uses an

embedded transponder or external status monitoring

transponder.

History reflects issues with the installation and installation

reliability.

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Solution?

The current generation of power supplies now include the

transponder in the power supply.

Simple “F” connection on the front of the supply

Reduces the “rats nest” of sensing and interconnect cabling

Provides physical protection to the transponder

Provides a single ground reference

Powered by the power supply logic, not the batteries

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The technical manual, contains a

maintenance log to record

valuable service information. This

can be extremely useful when

trouble-shooting the unit. Always

note your findings when

performing preventive

maintenance or servicing the unit.

BATTERYMAINTENANCE

BATTERY MANUFACTURE

DATE CODE & LOT NUMBER

BATTERY TERMINAL CHECK

BATTERY VOLTAGE UNLOADED

BATTERY VOLTAGE LOADED

XMs2MAINTENANCE

MODEL NUMBER

SERIAL NUMBER

NORMALOPERATION

INPUT VOLTAGE

OUTPUT1 VOLTAGE

OUTPUT2 VOLTAGE

OUTPUT1 CURRENT

OUTPUT2 CURENT

BATTERY VOLTAGE

STANDBY EVENTS

STANDBY TIME

CHARGER MODE

OPERATION MODE

ADDITIONALINFORMATION

BATTERY TEMPERATURE

CHARGER CURRENT

INPUT FREQUENCY

OUTPUT WATTS

OUTPUT VA

PERCENT LOAD

DATE OF SERVICE

SERVICE TECHNICIAN

Maintenance Log

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Questions ????

Comments ???

Ugly remarks ??

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Thanks for your time !!!