1. SAFETY RULES FOR HISTOPATHOLOGY LABSUBMITTED TO: Dr.Imtiaz AhmadSUBMITTED BY:Waqas Nawaz11-arid-975 DVM 3rd SemesterLaboratory premises:

2. 1. Premises should generally be uncluttered and free from obstructions.2. Premises should be clean.3. There should not be any structural defects in floors, stairways, walls and roofs.4. Floors and stairs should be uniform and slip-resistant.5. There should not be handrails on flights of stairs with more than four risers.Storage facilities:1. Storage facilities, shelves, etc., should be arranged so that stores are secure against sliding, collapse, falls or spillage.2. Storage facilities should be kept free from accumulations of rubbish,unwanted materials and objects that present hazards from tripping, fire,explosion and harbourage of pests.Heating and ventilation:1. There must be a comfortable working temperature.2. Blinds fitted to windows that are exposed to full sunlight.3. Ventilation must be adequate, e.g. at least six changes of air per hour, especially in rooms that have mechanical ventilation.Sanitation and staff facilities:1. Premises should be maintained in a clean, orderly and sanitary condition.2. Drinking water must available.3. Clean and adequate toilet (WC) and washing facilities should be provided for both male and female staff.4. Hot and cold water, soap and towels must be provided.5. Separate changing rooms must be provided for male and female staff.6. There must be accommodation (e.g. lockers) for street clothing for individual members of the staff.Lighting: 3. 1. General illumination should be adequate (e g. 300-400 lux).2. Task (local) lighting must provided at work benches.3. Fluorescent lights must be colour-balanced.Flammable liquid storage:1. Storage facility for bulk flammable liquidsshould be separated from the main building.2. It should be clearly labelled as a fire-risk area.3. The switches for lightingshould be sealed or placed outside the building. No power4. The light fittings insideshould be sealed to protect against ignition of vapours by sparking.5. Flammable liquidsshould be stored in proper, ventilated containers that are made of non-combustible materials.Electrical hazards:1. All new electrical installations and all replacements, modifications or repairs should be made and maintained in accordance with an electrical safety code.2. The interior wiring should be grounded (earthed) conductor .3. Circuit breakers and ground fault interruptersshould be fitted to all laboratory circuits.4. All electrical appliancesshould have testing laboratory approval.Fire prevention:1. There must be a fire alarm system.2. All exits must be unobstructed and unlocked when the building is occupied.3. The fire detection system must be in good working order and regularly tested.4. The fire doors must be in good order.5. All exits must lead to an open space.6. All exits must be marked by proper, illuminated signs. 4. Personal protection:1. Protective clothing of an approved design must be provided for all staff for normal work, e.g. gowns, coveralls, aprons, gloves etc.2. Safety spectacles, goggles and visors must be provided.3. There shuld be eye-wash stations.4. There must be emergency showers (drench facilities).5. Respirators must available, regularly cleaned, disinfected, inspected and stored in a clean and sanitary condition.Laboratory equipment:1. All equipment must be certified safe for use.2. Procedures must be available for decontaminating equipment prior to maintenance.3. Biological safety cabinets and fume cupboards must be regularly tested and serviced.4. Autoclaves and other pressure vessels must be regularly inspected.5. Centrifuge buckets and rotors should be regularly inspected.6. Hypodermic needles must be used instead of pipettes.7. Cracked and chipped glassware mustalways be discarded and not reused.8. There should be safe receptacles for broken glass.9. Plastics must beusedinstead of glass where feasible.10. Specimens must be received in a safe condition.11. Specimens should be unpacked with care and attention to possible breakageand leakage.12. Gloves must be worn for unpacking specimens.13. Work benches must be kept clean and tidy.14. Appropriate disinfectants must be used correctly.