safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

System

Architecture

Integrated

Colin Brown

E-Navigation

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

The Aim

““The aim is to develop a strategic vision for e-The aim is to develop a strategic vision for e-navigation, to integrate existing and new navigation, to integrate existing and new navigational tools, in particular electronic tools, navigational tools, in particular electronic tools, in an all-embracing system that will contribute to in an all-embracing system that will contribute to enhanced navigational safety (with all the enhanced navigational safety (with all the positive repercussions this will have on maritime positive repercussions this will have on maritime safety overall and environmental protection) safety overall and environmental protection) while simultaneously reducing the burden on the while simultaneously reducing the burden on the navigator” (IALA) navigator” (IALA)

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

The Present Situation ?

What is the status of the current and legacy aids available What is the status of the current and legacy aids available to navigators such as :to navigators such as :

Position fixing systems ? Position fixing systems ? Collision and grounding avoidance systems ? Collision and grounding avoidance systems ? Charts & publications ?Charts & publications ? Bridge displays and operation ?Bridge displays and operation ? VTS and other shore displays and operation ?VTS and other shore displays and operation ? Communications ship/ship, ship/shore, shore/shore ? Communications ship/ship, ship/shore, shore/shore ? Security ( commercial and safety related) ?Security ( commercial and safety related) ? Training, certification and competence in general ?Training, certification and competence in general ? etc., etc..etc., etc..

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

An Optimum Future Situation ?

What are the desired E-Navigation capabilities ? What are the gaps between what we have and what we

want ? What needs to be done to bridge those gaps ? Is the technology available to do so ? Is the technology scaleable for smaller vessels ? Will the new system allow a phased migration to E-

Navigation ? Will it be capable of low cost generational change as

new capabilities and functionality are developed ?

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

Navigational Charts and Nautical Publications (IHB)

Aspect Today E-Navigation Issues

Production

ENCs RNCs Paper Charts Digital

publications Paper

publications

Paper chart backup required if second independent ECDIS not carried

Incomplete ENC coverage

Etc., etc

Good ENC coverage

Use of RNCs & paper charts

Digital nautical publications

Short/medium term use of RNCs pending availability of ENCs

Lack of resources for new surveys for some coastal states

Security etc..

Capabilities, ?????????

Human factors, training ?????????

Standards/ Certification ?????????

Security: Confidentiality/Integrity/Availability ?????????

Liability ?????????

Regulations ?????????

Gap Analysis Example

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

What kind of system architecture should UKSON propose?

How could its design be approached ? What should we include in the design? What has been done so far ?

A Proposed System Architecture?

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

A system architecture or systems architecture is the A system architecture or systems architecture is the design or design or set of relationsset of relations between the parts of a system. There is no between the parts of a system. There is no strict definition of which aspects constitutes a system strict definition of which aspects constitutes a system architecture, and various organizations define it in different architecture, and various organizations define it in different ways, including:ways, including:

A representation of a system in which there is a mapping of A representation of a system in which there is a mapping of functionality onto functionality onto hardware hardware and and software componentssoftware components, a , a mapping of the mapping of the software architecturesoftware architecture onto the onto the hardware hardware architecturearchitecture , and , and human interactionhuman interaction with these components. with these components.

The structure of components, their The structure of components, their interrelationshipsinterrelationships, and the , and the principles and guidelines governing their principles and guidelines governing their designdesign andand evolution evolution over timeover time

Some System Architecture Definitions

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

This type of system architecture simply shows the data types within, and contributors to, the system :

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas (Courtesy of IMO)

Example - LRIT

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

Whereas this one just illustrates the Whereas this one just illustrates the major components :major components :

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

(Courtesy of US Coastguard)

Example - AMVER

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

So what do we need for an E-Navigation systems architecture representation which satisfies the definitions, is adequate for international recognition -

and is of practical use ?

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

An E-Navigation System Architecture

It will be a representation because it will be used to convey the informational content of the elements comprising the system, the relationships among those elements, and the rules governing those relationships.

It will be a process because a sequence of steps will be prescribed to produce - or change - the architecture, and/or a design from that architecture, of the system within a set of constraints .

It will also be a discipline because the body of will be used to inform practitioners as to the most effective way to design the system within that set of constraints.

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

A first approach from IALA

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

Safe Navigation

Procedures and training.

Man/Machine Interface (display, portrayal, presentation, controls)

Onboard Navigation

System

Vessel Traffic

Management

RadarAISLRITVessel reportingCommunicationsShip databasesSARetc

Official nautical charts &

publications(e.g. ENCs)

Position fixing & timingRadar

AISLRIT

Communicationsetc

Value adding information- Chart corrections- Weather (forecast and/or real-time)- Route advice- MSI- etc

Value adding information- Vessel monitoring- Marine Electronic Highway- Route advice- Maritime Safety Information

Value AddedAutomated reporting shared tactical info

Watch keeping and lookout

E-Navigation environment

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

An Australian View

The following diagram is the output of the national workshop called on November 22nd by the Australian Maritime Safety Agency which, in many respects, could be called “a mariners’ view”,

Its major output is a descriptive model of the E-Navigation concept.

It lists inputs and outputs to and from an E-Navigation Core, but without detailing the system in which they are processed.

The model should be viewed in conjunction with the Correspondence Group diagram in the next-but-two slide.

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

CG Amalgamated Diagram

The following draft diagram, together with the Australian descriptive model shown previously, are the results of the international Correspondence Group work, co-ordinated in the UK by the Galileo Programme Division / Ports Division of the Department for Transport.

Modification and expansion of this and the AMSA diagrams are probably necessary.

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

Further work

UKSON members and all invitees to this workshop are requested to comment on the gap analysis and system architecture results presented to date and to suggest additions, improvements or other changes to it.

It is appreciated that such diagrams are simply graphical representations of a complex system, and that much supporting data is required.

Such data will include process flow analysis charts, breaking sections of the system down into component elements.

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas

Gap analysis and the way forward.

(Syndicate Groups Discussion)

safer lives, safer ships, cleaner seassafer lives, safer ships, cleaner seas