rwanda efficient cookstoves gold standard report

GOLD STANDARD LOCAL STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION REPORT

CONTENTS

A. Project Description

1. Project eligibility under Gold Standard 2. Current project status

B. Design of Stakeholder Consultation Process

1. Description of physical meeting(s) i. Agenda ii. Non-technical summary iii. Invitation tracking table iv. Text of individual invitations v. Text of public invitations

2. Description of other consultation methods used C. Consultation Process

1. Participants’ in physical meeting(s) i. List ii. Evaluation forms

2. Pictures from physical meeting(s) 3. Outcome of consultation process

i. Minutes of physical meeting(s) ii. Minutes of other consultations iii. Assessment of all comments iv. Revisit sustainable development assessment v. Summary of changes to project design based on comments

D. Sustainable Development Assessment

1. Own sustainable development assessment i. ‘Do no harm’ assessment ii. Sustainable development matrix

2. Stakeholders blind sustainable development matrix 3. Consolidated sustainable development matrix

E. Discussion on Sustainability Monitoring Plan

F. Description of Stakeholder Feedback Round

Annex 1. Original participants list Annex 2. Original feedback forms

Gold Standard Local Stakeholder Consultation Report

Gold Standard Passport version 2.1 July 2009

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SECTION A. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. 1. Project eligibility under the Gold Standard The project is eligible because it is included in the End-use Energy Efficiency Improvement category, defined as the reduction in the amount of energy required for delivering or producing non-energy physical goods or services. A. 2. Current project status The project is in initial stages. The project framework has been established but no stoves will be purchased from the manufacturer until the start of the validation of the project.



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SECTION B. DESIGN OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION PROCESS B. 1. Design of physical meeting(s)

i. Agenda

- Opening of the meeting Introductions of Participants and Presenters Review of the Agenda and Purpose of the Meeting

- Explanation of the project Background of atmosfair gGmbH and Enedom Explanation about the Gold Standard and the Clean Development

Mechanism (CDM) Presentation about the project Demonstration of the Save80 cookstove

- Questions for clarification about the project Q&A session on project

- Blind SD exercise - Discussion on monitoring SD - Closure of the meeting

Complete Participant Evaluation Form - Lunch served

ii. Non-technical summary

The planned Clean Development Mechanism Gold Standard programme will supply households with improved cookstoves, such as the efficient wood fuel stove-cooking-sets called SAVE80, in several districts of Rwanda with an emphasis on the Kigali municipality. The improved cookstoves can be used by households which currently use mainly charcoal as fuel. In the case of the SAVE80 improved cookstove, the set contains a stainless steel stove, several pots with lids and a heat-retaining container. The SAVE80 is a portable stove developed and prefabricated by a German manufacturer and assembled in Rwanda by ENEDOM. It only needs 250 g of small brittle sticks/twigs of wood to bring 6 litres of water to boil, 80% less than traditional open fires. Compared to a charcoal stove, the quantity of wood necessary to cook a meal with the SAVE80 is roughly the same as the quantity of charcoal in a charcoal stove. It is important to consider that it takes 6-9 kg of wood to produce 1 kg of charcoal.



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Therefore if the SAVE80 can boil 6 litres of water with 0,25kg of wood, a charcoal stove would need 1,5 to 2,2 kg of wood, demonstrating the massive wood savings from the stove use. The stove is suitable for cooking, frying, water heating and sterilising. After reaching the boiling point, food can be transferred to the heat-retention box, where it will continue to simmer until it is well cooked. This further reduces wood consumption. Besides preventing greenhouse gas emissions, the objectives of the planned CDM Gold Standard programme are:

To reduce wood consumption to a sustainable level so as to allow natural recovery of forests and/or reforestation to take place.

To reduce soil erosion and protect environment. To reduce indoor air pollution from wood and charcoal smoke and avoid its

harmful health consequences. To reduce the fuel bill for charcoal or wood or to reduce the time for wood

collection for households. To contribute to the preservation of wood resources so as to avoid

inter-communal conflict over resources. To financially empower participating women groups in villages by

including them in project activities. To reduce vulnerability of households falling into poverty through

increasing fuel wood security. The high quality improved cookstoves are sold at a reduced price to make them affordable to the average households. The financing gap is bridged by CDM revenues. Sales revenues will be directly used to set up sales, marketing and monitoring structures.

iii. Invitation tracking table

Category Code

Organisation (if relevant) Name of Invitee

Way of Invitation

Date of Invitation

Confirmation received (Y/N)

A N/A General public Newspaper Ad 2/10/2011 No A N/A Justine MUKATAWUNI personal 2/10/2011 Yes A N/A Emilienne MUKAKAMANA personal 2/10/2011 Yes A N/A Aza NIYIGENA personal 2/10/2011 Yes A N/A Josiane MUKAYUHI personal 2/10/2011 No



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A N/A Mathilde UMUSINDARWEJO personal 2/10/2011 No

A N/A Yvonne MUZAYIRE personal 2/10/2011 Yes A N/A Donatille MUKAMANA personal 2/10/2011 Yes A N/A Pascal BARANSARITSE personal 2/10/2011 Yes A N/A Saverina MUSANABERA personal 2/10/2011 Yes

B

Secretary of State for Energy Colette RUHAMYA Water Energy 2/7/2011 Yes

B

Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy (MININFRA) Vincent KAREGA Email 2/7/2011 No

B

Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy (MININFRA)

Gaspard NKURIKIYUMUKIZA Email 2/7/2011 No

B

Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy (MININFRA) Alexis KARANI Email 2/7/2011 Yes

B

Ministry of Forestry and Mines (MINIFOM) Christophe BAZIVAMO Email 2/7/2011 No

Ministry of Forestry and Mines (MINIFOM) Fidèle UWIZEYE Email 2/7/2011 Yes

B

Ministry of Environment and Lands (MINELA) Stanislas KAMANZI Email 2/7/2011 No

B

Ministry of Local Government (MINELOC) James MUSONI Email 2/7/2011 No

B

Ministry of Trade and Industry (MINICOM)

Monique NSANZABAGANWA Email 2/7/2011 No

B

National Forestry Authority Frank RUTABINGWA Email 2/7/2011 No



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(NAFA)

B Private Sector Federation Steven NIYONZIMA Email 2/4/2011 No

B Private Sector Federation BAYIGAMBA Robert Email 2/7/2011 No

B DG REMA Rose MUKANKOMEJE Email 2/7/2011 No B DG RURA Regis GATARAYIHA Email 2/7/2011 No

B RURA Jean Baptiste BWANAKEYE Email 2/7/2011 Yes

B RBS MURENZI Raymond Email 2/7/2011 Yes C DNA generic Email 2/4/2011 No

C

REMA-UNDP/DNA-Rwanda Jean NTAZINDA Email 2/4/2011 Yes

D

Dutch embassy energy expert Fred Smiet Email 2/4/2011 No

D EU Energy expert Machiels Olivier Email 2/7/2011 Yes

D US Embassy William RUTAREMARA Email 2/7/2011 Yes

D

USAID Rural develoment specialist Aimee Mpamabara Email 2/4/2011 No

D US Embassy William RUTAREMARA Email 2/7/2011 Yes

D DFID energy specialist Sion Mc Geever Email 2/4/2011 No

D GIZ Elisabeth Girrbach Email 2/4/2011 No

D

UN Women representative Donnah Kamashazi Email 2/4/2011 No

D DUTERIMBERE Francoise SAKINDI Email 2/7/2011 No

D COPEDU Denise MUREBWAYIRE Email 2/7/2011 No D Profemme Therese BISHAGARA Email 2/7/2011 No D Inyenyeri Ereynolds Boulder Email 2/4/2011 No

D Practical Action Hiwote Teshome Email 2/4/2011 No

D Care Rwanda Prudence Ndolimana Email 2/4/2011 Yes D IFDC Fabien Kayitare Email 2/4/2011 No D SNV Erik van Waveren Email 2/4/2011 No D BTC Erik van Malderen Email 2/4/2011 No



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D ARED Jean Bosco Rwiyamirira Email 2/7/2011 Yes D TRAC Bonaventure KAMUGISHA Email 2/7/2011 Yes E Gold Standard Nahla Sabet E-Mail 2/4/2011 No E Gold Standard Heba Rabie E-Mail 2/4/2011 No E Gold Standard Aarti Agrawal E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F

Zero: Regional Environment Organisation (Zimbabwe) Johannes Chigwada E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F South South North (SA) Stefan Raubenheimer E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F WWF Bella Roscher E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F REEEP (Namibia) Marianne Osterkorn E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F Greenpeace International

Representatives - not personalized E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F Mercy Corps Dorothee McIntosh E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F Helio International Helene Connor E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F

Climate Action Network South Africa Dorah Lebelo E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F

European Business Council For Sustainable Energy e5 Julio Lambing E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

F Germanwatch Christoph Bals E-Mail 2/4/2011 No

iv. Text of individual invitations



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Text of public invitations

The below advertisement was posted in The New Times newspaper on 10 February 2011.



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B. 2. Description of other consultation methods used If individuals and/ or entities (e.g. NGOs) are unable to attend the physical meeting, please discuss other methods that were used to solicit their feedback/ comments (e.g. questionnaires, phone calls, interviews). This report will be uploaded to the Gold Standard registry and will be publicly



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available. Attendees who left their email address will be emailed the report. Attendees without email addresses will be provided hard copies of the report upon request. Contact details of Jean Marie were provided so that any other stakeholders interested may request the report. A summary of the Local Stakeholder Consultation and of the project will be made available on the atmosfair gGmbH website.



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SECTION C. CONSULTATION PROCESS C. 1. Participants’ in physical meeting(s) Original participants’ list (in original language) is attached as Annex 1.

i. List of participants1 Category code Name Job/Position Organisation

Male/Female (M/F)

A Alphonsine MukashyakaLocal expert in institutional biogas MININFRA F

A Florence Mukantaganzwa Local resident FA Emilienne Mukakamana Local resident FA Justine Mukatawuni Local resident FA Jean Baptist Mbarushimana Cell President Local government MA Francine Umutesi Local government FA Eliezer Niyitegeko Local resident MA Christian Abizurer Student MA Xaverine Musanabera Umudugudu Chief FA Edouard Mnonkuru Local resident Kicukiro District MA Cecile Mbabazi Local resident FA Alex Niyigana Business woman FA Josiane Mukayuhi Local resident FA Mathilde Umusindarwejo Local resident FA Jean Marie Kayonga Director Enedom MA Courtney Blodgett Consultant FB Papias Karanganwa Carbon expert MININFOM MB Julia Harter Intern GIZ/MININFRA FB Theoneste Habimana Police MINITER MC Janvier Kabahaniye DNA CDM intern REMA MC Yves Tuyishime DNA CDM intern REMA MC Immaculee Uwimana Mitigation Officer REMA F

C Jean NtazindaCDM DNA Capacity Building Project Manager REMA M

D Joerg Schaeffer RE Advisor SNV MD Anaclet Ndahimana RE Advisor SNV MD Twizere Turambe Project manager COPED MD Olivier Machiels Programme Officer European Union MD Etienne Ndatimana Operations Officer IFC M

D Augustin NiyonsabaTraining and M&E Professional Care International F

1 Contact details have not been provided for privacy purposes.



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Category code

A

B

C

D

E

F

Local people impacted by the project or official representatives

Local policy makers and representatives of local authorities

An official representative of the DNA of the host country of your project

Category

Relevant international non-governmental organisations (NGOs) supporting the Gold Standard, with a representation in your region and ALL GS supporter NGOs located in the host country of the project.

Local non-governmental organisations working on topics relevant to your project

The local Gold Standard expert who is located closest to your project location.

ii. Evaluation forms Original evaluation forms (in original language) are attached as Annex 2. Summary of feedback provided on evaluation forms below Name What is your impression of the meeting?

o Successful o Stakeholders shared their views o Sustainable development matrix took too

long o Too few people at the meeting

What do you like about the project?

o Saves firewood o Very efficient technology o Will save money o Great opportunity o Useful new technology o Will help alleviate poverty

What do you not like about the project?

o Too expensive for rural people o 2 saucepans are not enough o Access to firewood will be problematic

What would you suggest to improve about the project?

o Reduce the cost of the stove



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Sample evaluation form 1: Name What is your impression of the meeting?

o Successful o Stakeholders shared their views


o Saves firewood


o Too expensive for rural people o 2 saucepans are not enough


o Well organized


o The project is environmentally friendly o Poverty alleviation



o Well organized but few people


o The cookstove is very interesting


o Cost of the cookstove for people in rural areas


o Good presentation


o The project is economical (saves time and money)


--



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Comments accompanying Annex 2 18 evaluation forms were received. All of the forms received were in English. The comments are summarized above and the scanned copies of all evaluation forms are in Annex 2. C. 2. Pictures from physical meeting(s)

C. 3. Outcome of consultation process Please ensure that you include a summary of the meeting as well as all comments received.

i. Minutes of physical meeting(s)

Participants watching a demonstration of the improved cookstove. Stakeholder consultation participants



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The meeting began with an introduction by Mr. Xaver Kitzinger, of atmosfair gGmbH. Xaver thanked participants for coming and introduced his colleagues, Mr. Jean Marie Kayonga, Director of Enedom, and Ms. Courtney Blodgett, consultant. The rest of participants then introduced his or herself and stated his/her affiliation. Following the introduction, Xaver gave the audience the opening presentation. Xaver introduced atmosfair gGmbH and Enedom. Following this, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Programme of Activities (PoA) and Gold Standard were explained to the audience. Xaver then explained why an improved cookstove project was necessary in Rwanda and how an improved cookstove PoA would benefit Rwanda. Xaver explained about the Save80 cookstove and the items (2 pots and a Wonderbox) that would come with it and the cost and wood savings that would arise from its use. Xaver showed the volume of wood (9kg) necessary to make 1 kg of charcoal. He also showed the volume of wood (2.5 kg) necessary for a household to cook for a day using the Save80. Xaver presented in English but his presentation was summarized in Kinyarwanda. After the introduction paragraph, the participants went outside for the demonstration of the improved cookstove. The stove was started and water was boiled. Rice was then put into the water, boiled for a short time and then placed in the Wonderbox. The rice was later eaten during lunch. Participants then proceeded to ask questions in English and Kinyarwanda. Xaver and Jean Marie answered all of the questions, in the appropriate language. Questions are summarized in Section C.3.iii. Jean Marie then proceeded to provide a Kinyarwanda summary of the project and the questions for participants. Following the demonstration and a tea break, Courtney introduced the “Do no harm” principles and the blind sustainable development exercise. Participants then proceeded to discuss the Environmental, Social Development and Economic & Technical Development parameters as well as monitoring parameters. Results from the discussion are presented in Section D.2. Questions and discussions were translated between English and Kinyarwanda.

ii. Minutes of other consultations

N/A

iii. Assessment of all comments Questions and comments below were asked during the stakeholder consultation. Stakeholder comment Was Explanation (Why? How?)



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comment taken into account (Yes/ No)?

Is the name of the Save80 based on cost savings or wood savings?

Yes Wood savings

How will the Save80s be marketed?

Yes Enedom will hold demonstrations of the stove at markets, in workshops and at umuganda (monthly community service). The Save80 will also be available for purchase at the Enedom office in Kigali

The products are coming from Germany. Can they be made locally?

No As there are Save80 projects in other countries, there are ongoing discussions to produce them locally. However, at the moment, due to the high cost of material (particularly stainless steel), it is not technically feasible and also wouldn’t be cost effective to produce the stoves locally.

How will people get wood as most people in Kigali are used to using charcoal, which is readily available?

Yes The wood availability needs to be organized. Jean Marie has begun drying wood in his workshop and he plans to sell it at charcoal kiosks and markets. If the demand is great enough, others will also begin to sell wood.



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You mentioned the wood and cost savings from the cookstove but what are the energy savings?

Yes For the user, fuel and cost savings are most relevant. However, 80% of energy is saved, in comparison with a 3 stone fire.

Can other saucepans be used on the Save80?

Yes Any saucepan that rests on top of the Save80 may be used.

Can charcoal or briquettes be used in the Save80?

Yes Briquettes can may used, although their use hasn’t yet been tested properly but not charcoal.

iv. Revisit sustainability assessment

Yes No Are you going to revisit the sustainable development assessment? Please note that this is necessary when there are indicators scored ‘negative’ or if there are stakeholder comments that can’t be mitigated [See Toolkit 2.7]

x

Give reasoning behind the decision Stakeholders did not think that any of the indicators should receive a negative score. The only negative parameter mentioned was that if there was too much competition from others selling improved cookstoves, competition could harm the project success. However, as this is not directly related to the sustainable development indicators but to the overall success of the project, it will not require revisitation.

v. Summary of alterations based on comments



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If stakeholder comments have been taken into account and any aspect of the project modified, then please discuss that here. Stakeholder comments that will be taken into account include:

What will happen to the stoves after their lifetime? o A review will be completed to see if it is possible to recycle the

Save80 stoves. However, due to the high demand for and high cost of metal in Rwanda, it is assumed that the metal will happily be taken by metal scrappers.

Can Save80 stoves be made locally? o atmosfair gGmbH will continue to discuss with the Save80

manufacturer the possibility of local production of the stoves.



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SECTION D. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT D. 1. Own sustainable development assessment

i. ‘Do no harm’ assessment Safeguarding principles

Description of relevance to my project

Assessment of my project risks breaching it (low, medium, high)

Mitigation measure

1 – Human rights Rwanda has ratified the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the African Charter on Humans and People's Rights. The project will protect human rights including freedoms and cultural property.

low N/A

2 – Involuntary settlements

The project will not cause any involuntary settlements. Rwanda has passed Law N° 18/2007 OF 19/04/2007 Relating to expropriation in the public interest is strictly adhered to in Rwanda.

low N/A

3 – Cultural heritage

Rwanda ratified the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. The project does not involve and is not complicit in the alteration, damage or removal of any critical cultural heritage.

low N/A



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4 – Labor – collective bargaining and freedom of association

Rwanda has ratified both ILO convention 872 (freedom of association) and 983 (right to collective bargaining). Furthermore, Rwanda has passed Law N° 51/2001 OF 30/12/2001 Establishing the labor code and Law N°13/2009 of 27/05/2009 regulating labour in Rwanda4.

low N/A

5 – Forced labor Rwanda has ratified both ILO Convention 295 and 1056 on elimination of forced and compulsory labour. Furthermore, local legislation prohibits forced labor. Rwanda has passed Law N° 51/2001 OF 30/12/2001 Establishing the labor code7 and Law N°13/2009 of 27/05/2009 regulating labour in Rwanda4. The project does not involve and is not complicit in any form of forced or compulsory labour. All

low N/A

2 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C087 3 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C098 4http://amategeko.net/display_rubrique.php?ActDo=ShowArt&Information_ID=2465&Parent_ID=30701709&type=public&Langue_ID=An&rubID=30701797 5 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C029 6 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C105 7http://www.amategeko.net/display_rubrique.php?Information_ID=1217&Parent_ID=30692620&type=public&Langue_ID=An



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labor is voluntary.

6 – Child labor Rwanda has ratified both ILO convention 1388 (minimum age) and 1829 (worst form of child labor). Furthermore, Law N° 51/2001 OF 30/12/2001 Establishing the labor code7; Law N°13/2009 of 27/05/2009 regulating labour in Rwanda prohibit child labor10. Child labor will not be employed.

Low N/A

7 – Labor discrimination

Rwanda has ratified convention 10011 (equal remuneration) and convention 11112 (Discrimination in employment/ occupation) under the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. The Law N° 51/2001 OF 30/12/2001 Establishing the labor code7 also prohibits discrimination. Labor discrimination will not occur.

low N/A

8 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C138 9 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C182 10http://www.mifotra.gov.rw/documents/Laws/NEW%20LABOUR%20LAW%20N13.2009%20OF%2027.5.2009.pdf 11 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C100 12 http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/ratifce.pl?C111



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8 – Labor safety The Law N° 51/2001 OF 30/12/2001 Establishing the labor code7 and the Rwanda National Construction Industry Policy13 legislate and guide on health and safety practices in the work place. Labor conditions in this project are safe.

low N/A

9- Environmental harm

Rwanda ratified the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development14. In addition, Rwanda has passed a number of other relevant laws including: N° 04/2005 of 08/04/2005 Organic Law determining the modalities of protection, conservation and promotion of environment in Rwanda15; Ministerial Order N° 004/2008 on Establishing the list of works, activities and projects that have to undertake an environmental impact assessment16; 1988 Forestry Law.

low N/A

13 http://mininfra.gov.rw/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=113&Itemid=263 14 http://www.un.org/esa/documents/ecosoc/cn17/1997/ecn171997-8.htm 15 http://www.amategeko.net/display_rubrique.php?Information_ID=665&Parent_ID=3068016&type=public&Langue_ID=An 16 http://www.primature.gov.rw/index2.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_view&gid=779&Itemid=95



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The project is positive for the environment, since it decreases unsustainable harvesting of wood from forests. In addition, the stainless steel from the stoves at the end of their lifetime will be highly valued due to the high price of metal in Rwanda.

10 – Degradation of habitats

Rwanda ratified the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development. In addition, Rwanda has passed a number of other relevant laws including: N° 04/2005 of 08/04/2005 Organic Law determining the modalities of protection, conservation and promotion of environment in Rwanda15; Ministerial Order N° 004/2008 on Establishing the list of works, activities and projects that have to undertake an environmental impact assessment16; 1988 Forestry Law. The project is positive for the environment, since it decreases unsustainable harvesting of wood from forests. In addition, the stainless steel from the stoves at the end of their lifetime will be highly

low N/A



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valued due to the high price of metal in Rwanda. The project will prevent the degradation of habitats due to decreased deforestation.

11- Corruption Rwanda ratified the United Nations Convention Against Corruption17. Furthermore, Rwanda passed the Law N° 23/2003 of 07/08/2003 Related to punishment of corruption and related offences18 and this law is strictly enforced.

low N/A

ii. Sustainable development matrix

[See Toolkit 2.4.2 and Toolkit Annex I]

Indicator

Mitigation measure

Relevance to achieving MDG

Chosen parameter and explanation

Preliminary score

Air quality N/A

MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

Parameter: Emissions from fuel consumption. Air quality will be improved by the reduction of fuel burned; however, it is difficult to compare the emissions from an efficient wood burning stove with that of a charcoal stove. Impacts are not seen as being significant enough to monitor. 0

17 http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/treaties/CAC/signatories.html 18 http://www.amategeko.net/display_rubrique.php?Information_ID=1170&Parent_ID=30692132&type=public&Langue_ID=An



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Water quality and quantity N/A


Parameter: Sedimentation of lakes and rivers. Reduced deforestation will lead to decrease soil erosion and decreased sedimentation of lakes and rivers. However, deforestation for fuel wood will still occur so the impact will be neutral. 0

Soil condition N/A


Parameter: Decreased fuel wood as a proxy for decrease amount of soil erosion from deforestation. Reduced deforestation will lead to decrease soil erosion. However, deforestation for fuel will still occur so soil condition will not be drastically altered. 0

Other pollutants N/A


Other pollutants such as noise will not be impacted 0

Biodiversity N/A


Parameter: Decreased fuel wood as a proxy for decreased biodiversity from deforestation. Reduced deforestation will lead to decreased habitat destruction. However, deforestation for fuel wood use will still occur so biodiversity will not be drastically altered. 0

Quality of employment N/A

MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Parameter: technical level of employment. Assembly and sale will provide high quality employment. However, as the number of people working in the charcoal value chain may decrease, effects are neutralized. 0



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Livelihood of poor N/A


Parameter: Money saved from reduced consumption of fuel. Improved cookstove use will reduce money spent on charcoal +

Access to affordable and clean energy services N/A


Parameter: Number of households with cookstoves. Improved cookstoves will provide cleaner energy to households. However, the number of households with cookstove access will not increase. 0

Human and institutional capacity N/A


Parameter: Amount of time spent in acquiring fuel and cooking on improved cookstove. Improved cookstove and wonderbox use will promote gender equality as less time will be spent in acquiring fuel and in cooking +

Quantitative employment and income generation N/A


Parameter: Number of jobs created. Assembly and sale will provide employment. However, jobs may be loss from charcoal production. They will most likely be replaced by jobs processing wood but the impact will most likely be neutral 0

Balance of payments and investment N/A

MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger N/A 0



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Technology transfer and technological self - reliance N/A

MDG 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development

Parameter: Introduction of new cookstove technology. New technology introduced to Rwanda and Rwandans will be trained to assembly and use the stoves +

Comments accompanying own sustainable development matrix The project has only neutral and positive indicators therefore it is expected to contribute to sustainable development in Rwanda. D. 2. Stakeholders Blind Sustainable Development Matrix

Indicator Mitigation measure

Relevance to achieving MDG Chosen parameter

Preliminary score

Air quality N/A


Parameter: Air quality will be improved by the reduction of fuel burned; however, it is difficult to compare the emissions from an efficient wood burning stove with that of a charcoal stove. +



Parameter: Sedimentation of lakes and rivers. 1. Due to being able to use less fuel for cooking, it may now be possible to use fuel to boil water for drinking. 2. No direct connection besides cutting less trees which helps water systems. 3. Less charcoal dust to pollute rivers. +

Soil condition N/A


Parameter: Decreased fuel wood as a proxy for decrease amount of soil erosion from deforestation. Less soil erosion due to less trees cut +



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Decomposition of stove after lifetime +

Biodiversity N/A


Parameter: Decreased fuel wood as a proxy for decreased biodiversity from deforestation. 1. If forests are not cut/protected, this will increase biodiversity 2. Shortage of firewood results in cutting of other plants for fuel so reduced firewood demand will preserve other plants +



Parameter: technical level of employment. Assembly jobs are a good job opportunity; time savings from Save80 use will enable users and household employees to have more time for other tasks +



Parameter: Money saved from reduced consumption of fuel. Money savings from reduced purchase of fuel +



Parameter: Number of households with cookstoves. Product is affordable and clean +



Parameter: Amount of time spent in acquiring fuel and cooking on improved cookstove. not applicable 0



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Parameter: Number of jobs created. External people employed for sales +


MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger not applicable 0



Parameter: Introduction of new cookstove technology. New technology introduced +

Additional comments: What happens if there is competition from other people also selling efficient stoves, what has to be done to sell the Save80 stove successfully? Is there another very similar project that people attending know about? Yes, there are other activities which also sell stoves but none like the Save80. Competition could be a (-) parameter; however, it is directly related to the project success, not the SD indicators. Mitigation measure could be to have an effective marketing campaign. Monitoring parameter: Number of Save80 stoves sold under the project

Comments resulting from the stakeholders blind sustainable development matrix The stakeholders’ blind assessment was very positive. The one worry of the stakeholders that due to competition and high cost, not many stoves will be sold. Give analysis of difference between own sustainable development matrix and the one resulting from the blind exercise with stakeholders. Explain how both were consolidated. Both the self and stakeholder sustainable development matrix for positively viewed. However, the self matrix was more considerate of negative impacts of the project, such as potential loss of jobs in the charcoal value chain. This results in a neutralizing score for all but a few indicators (livelihood of the poor, human and institutional capacity, and technological transfer & technological self reliance). No indicators were found to be negative. D. 3. Consolidated sustainable development matrix



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Indicator Mitigation measure

Relevance to achieving MDG Chosen parameter and explanation

Preliminary score

Air quality N/A


Parameter: Emissions from fuel consumption. Air quality will be improved by the reduction of fuel burned; however, it is difficult to compare the emissions from an efficient wood burning stove with that of a charcoal stove. Impacts are not seen as being significant enough to monitor 0



Parameter: Sedimentation of lakes and rivers. Reduced deforestation will lead to decrease soil erosion and decreased sedimentation of lakes and rivers. However, deforestation for fuel wood will still occur so the impact will be neutral and monitoring of this parameter is not seen as being necessary. 0

Soil condition N/A


Parameter: Decreased fuel wood as a proxy for decrease amount of soil erosion from deforestation. Reduced deforestation will lead to decrease soil erosion. However, deforestation for fuel will still occur so soil condition will not be drastically altered and monitoring is not necessary. 0



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Other pollutants such as noise will not be impacted. At the end of the stove’s lifetime, the metal may be considered waste. However, it is expected that, due to the stove being made from a high quality metal, the stove will be recycled and monitoring is not necessary. 0

Biodiversity N/A


Parameter: Decreased fuel wood as a proxy for decreased biodiversity from deforestation. Reduced deforestation will lead to decreased habitat destruction. However, deforestation for fuel wood use will still occur so biodiversity will not be drastically altered and monitoring is not necessary. 0



Parameter: technical level of employment. Assembly and sale will provide high quality employment; Rwandans will be trained in order to assemble the stoves and to work on the sales activities. However, as the number of people working in the charcoal value chain may decrease, effects are neutralized and monitoring is not necessary. 0



Parameter: Money saved from reduced consumption of fuel. Improved cookstove use will reduce money spent on charcoal. The amount of money saved on fuel by users will be monitored. +



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Parameter: Number of households with cookstoves. Improved cookstoves will provide cleaner energy to households. However, the number of households with cookstove access will not increase. 0



Parameter: Amount of time spent in acquiring fuel and cooking on improved cookstove. Improved cookstove and heat retention device use will promote gender equality as less time will be spent in acquiring fuel and in cooking. The amount of time spent cooking and collecting fuel will be monitored. +



Parameter: Number of jobs created. Assembly and sale will provide employment. However, jobs may be loss from charcoal production. They will most likely be replaced by jobs processing wood but the impact will most likely be neutral and this parameter will not be monitored. 0


MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger N/A 0



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Parameter: Introduction of new cookstove technology. New technology introduced to Rwanda. Rwandans will be trained to use the stoves when purchasing the stoves. Options to train the buyers at the time of purchase include: showing a film demonstrating how to use the stove, providing an onsite demonstration and providing documents detailing how to use the stoves. The number of new cookstove types introduced to Rwanda as part of the project activity will be monitored. +



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Justification choices, data source and provision of references A justification paragraph and reference source is required for each indicator, regardless of score Air quality Air quality will be improved through the decreased

emissions from the decreased amount of fuel combusted. Air pollution from cookstoves is a significant source of respiratory and other illnesses. 8,100 deaths per year in Rwanda are attributed to solid fuel use. Exposure to indoor air pollution (commonly measured by the pollutants carbon monoxide and fine particles) is responsible for the annual loss of 262,300 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per year19. The DALY is a standard metric used by the World Health Organization (WHO) to indicate the burden of death and illness due to a specific risk factor.

Water quality and quantity

The project will reduce erosion caused by deforestation. Most of the soil lost through erosion in Rwanda ends up in the stream network and marshlands20.

Soil condition Reduced deforestation and use of crop residues for cooking will improve soil condition. Domestic and industrial energy demands have indirectly contributed to soil erosion in Rwanda. Much of the country’s energy requirements are met by crop residues as well as fuel wood. The use of crop residues limits the extent to which they can be used to conserve soil moisture and fertility. Deforestation on the other hand leads to extensive soil erosion and in some instances floods and landslides21. However, many other external factors – such as continued deforestation for fuel use from users of non-improved cookstoves, increased agriculture usage as population increases, increased flood or drought events from climate change - will still affect the soil condition.

19 World Health Organization; Indoor Air Pollution: National Burden of Disease Estimates: http://www.who.int/indoorair/publications/indoor_air_national_burden_estimate_revised.pdf 20 Musahara, H. Improving Tenure Security For The Rural Poor Rwanda – Country Case Study. Legal Empowerment of the Poor (LEP). Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations.2006. 21 Rwanda Environment Management Authority. Rwanda State of the Environment and Outlook. United Nations Environment Programme. 2009.



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Other pollutants The project activity does not produce any other pollutants. At the end of the stove’s lifetime, the metal may be considered waste. However, it is expected that, due to the stove being made from a high quality metal, the stove will be recycled.

Biodiversity Currently, 85% of the energy used in Rwanda is in the form of biomass (mainly for cooking, households and institutions)22. Reduction in deforestation will reduce threats to flora and fauna and their habitats. However, deforestation for fuel wood use will still occur so biodiversity will not be drastically altered.

Quality of employment

High quality jobs will be created for assembly and sales of the cookstoves; Rwandans will be trained in order to assemble the stoves and to work on the sales activities. In 2000, only 200,000 non-agricultural jobs were existed. However, the Government of Rwanda (GoR) goal is that by 2020, 1.4 million non-agricultural jobs will exist23. However, this level of non-agricultural jobs will be affected by many factors such as government policies, level of education and growth of the private sector.

Livelihood of the poor Decreased purchasing of charcoal and decreased cooking time (where applicable) will result in cost and time savings, enabling time and money to be spent on other necessities and activities. The GDP per capita in 2010 was $54024. The goal of Vision 2020 is that the GDP will be $900 by 202023.

Access to affordable and clean energy services

Improved cookstoves will provide cleaner energy services with significant cost savings in fuel. However, the project participants most likely already use cookstoves25 so the project will not increase access to energy services. The participants will just use more efficient cookstoves.

Human and institutional capacity

Gender equality will be improved through a reduction in time used to acquire fuel and, if applicable, time saved in cooking, as acquiring fuel and cooking are both traditionally done by women. This is particularly

22 Biomass Energy Strategy. Ministry of Infrastructure/MARGE. June 2009. 23 Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning. Rwanda Vision 2020. 2000. 24 National Institute of Statistics. 2011. http://www.statistics.gov.rw/ 25 75% of households cook on charcoal [which translates that most, if not all, of those people are using cookstoves]. Winrock International for US AID. Implementation for increasing the adoption and use of efficient charcoal cookstoves in urban and peri-urban Kigali. May 2007.



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important as women are more vulnerable to climate change because they often have the responsibility of securing water, food and fuel for cooking and heating26

Quantitative employment and income generation

Jobs will be created through the assembly and sale of the stoves. However, as there are 300,000 jobs created through the charcoal value chain27 and some of those jobs may be lost due to a reduction in the consumption of charcoal, the number of jobs created will most likely be neutralized by the number of job lost in charcoal production.

Balance of payments and investment

This was found by stakeholders to be not applicable to the project activity. However, atmosfair gGmbH and Enedom will both invest time and money in the set up and organisation of the project.

Technology transfer and technological self-reliance

The introduction of improved cookstoves will bring a new technology to Rwanda. Rwandans will be trained to use the stoves when purchasing the stoves. Options to train the buyers at the time of purchase include: showing a film demonstrating how to use the stove, providing an onsite demonstration and providing documents detailing how to use the stoves.

SECTION E. DISCUSSION ON SUSTAINABILITY MONITORING PLAN

Discuss stakeholders’ ideas on monitoring sustainable development indicators. Do people have ideas on how this could be done in a cost effective way? Are there ways in which stakeholders can participate in monitoring? During the blind sustainable development matrix exercise, stakeholders discussed monitoring parameters for the positive indicators (there were no negative indicators found). The monitoring parameters relevant to each indicator are detailed in Section D.3. Most of the parameters have a neutral impact and will therefore not be monitored. Parameters which will be monitored included:

Livelihood of the poor: The cost of fuel savings from using the improved cookstove

Human and institutional capacity: Amount of time spent in acquiring fuel and cooking on improved cookstove

26 UN Women Watch. Women, Gender Equality and Climate Change Factsheet. 2009. 27 Falzon, JP. IS-Academy RENEW. Creating an enabling business environment for sustainable charcoal chain in Rwanda. 2010.



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Technology transfer and technological self – reliance: Introduction of new cookstove technology

SECTION F. DESCRIPTION OF THE DESIGN OF THE

STAKEHOLDER FEEDBACK ROUND The stakeholder feedback round will be designed and conducted after the completion of the design documents.


ANNEX 1. ORIGINAL PARTICIPANTS LIST28

28 Participant contact details have been removed for privacy’s sake. The original scan can be provided to the GS or DOE upon request.



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ANNEX 2. ORIGINAL EVALUATION FORMS



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rwanda efficient cookstoves gold standard report

Documents

decreases unsustainable harvesting

ensure environmental sustainability

27 05 2009 regulating labour

world health organization

decreased habitat destruction

eradicate extreme poverty

stakeholder feedback round

clean development mechanism