russia of russia

30
Rise of Russia and Absolute Rule

Upload: bbednars

Post on 08-Feb-2017

194 views

Category:

Education


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Russia of Russia

Rise of Russia and Absolute Rule

Page 2: Russia of Russia

Pre-Mongol Russia

Page 3: Russia of Russia

The Mongols in Russia The Mongols controlled Kiev Rus for

over 2 centuries In 1480 Ivan the III or “The Great”

refused to pay a tribute to the Mongols– Over time joined all Russian states

together under his rule– Claimed Russia was now the “third

Rome”– “Father of Russian Empire”

Page 4: Russia of Russia
Page 5: Russia of Russia

Ivan the Great

•Consolidated lands through war, marriage, and purchase•Cossacks

Peasant Steppe warriors recruited to take new territories in exchange for freedom from serfdom.

•Became head of the church as well as head of the government

Page 6: Russia of Russia

• Cossacks– Peasant Steppe warriors

recruited to take new territories in exchange for freedom from serfdom.

Page 7: Russia of Russia

The First Czar Ivan the Terrible

– In 1533, Ivan the Terrible becomes king of Russia

– Struggles for power with boyars—landowning nobles.

– Seizes power and is crowned czar, meaning “caesar”

Rule by Terror– In 1560, Ivan turns against

boyars, kills them, seizes lands

Page 8: Russia of Russia

Time of Trouble Ivan Executed

his oldest son– Leaves questions

about who will take the throne

- Rise of the Romanovs

- Ivan’s heir is weak, leading to period of turmoil- In 1613, Michael Romanov becomes czarRomanovs rule to 1917.

Page 9: Russia of Russia

Peter the Great Comes to Power

The Rise of Peter– Peter the Great

becomes czar in 1696, begins to reform Russia

Russia Contrasts with Europe– Cut off geographically

from Europe– Culturally isolated,

little contact with western Europe

– Religious differences widen gap

Page 10: Russia of Russia

Peter Rules Absolutely Peter Visits the West

– In 1697, Peter visits western Europe to learn European ways

Peter’s Goal– Goal of westernization—using western

Europe as a model for change Peter’s Reforms

– Brings Orthodox Church under state control– Reduces power of great landowners– Modernizes army by having European officers

train soldiers

Page 11: Russia of Russia
Page 12: Russia of Russia

Peter Rules Absolutely (continued)

Westernizing Russia– 1st Russian Navy– Starts Russia’s first newspaper– Raises women’s status– Adopts Western fashion

(cut Boyar beards)– Advances education

Page 13: Russia of Russia

Peter Rules Absolutely (continued)

Establishing St. Petersburg– Peter wants a seaport that will make

travel to West easier.– Fights Sweden to win port on Baltic Sea– In 1703, begins building new capital

called St. Petersburg. (Window on the West)

– By the time of Peter’s death, Russia is force to be reckoned with in Europe

Page 14: Russia of Russia

St. Petersburg, RussiaPeter’s “Window on the West”

Page 15: Russia of Russia

Palace Square, St. Petersburg

Page 16: Russia of Russia

St. Petersburg, RussiaPeter’s “Window to the West”

Page 17: Russia of Russia

Russia’s Catherine II “the Great”

1762-1796•Embraced Enlightenment ideas

•New law code; almost•Extended control of cent. Gov’t•Supported Western art & architecture•Extended power of nobles over serfs•Added new territories• In the end: Russia = World’s greatest land empire

Page 18: Russia of Russia

Serfdom in RussiaSerfdom spread as Russia

expanded

Page 19: Russia of Russia

Serfdom in Russia

Page 20: Russia of Russia

Serfdom in Russia

Page 21: Russia of Russia

Serfdom in RussiaFinally abolished in 1861

Page 22: Russia of Russia

Pugachev Rebellion1773-75

Cossack-led peasant revolt Significance = growing peasant

discontent and resistance. Revolt crushed, Pugachev killed,

reforms tightened against peasants/serfs.Yemelyan Pugachev

Page 23: Russia of Russia

Russia’s Catherine II “the Great”

1762-1796

Page 24: Russia of Russia

Critical Review QuestionsHow did the “Tatar Yoke” (period

of Mongol rule over Russia) contribute to Russia’s lag behind the West?

Page 25: Russia of Russia

Critical Review QuestionsIn what ways was Catherine the

Great similar to Peter the Great?

Page 26: Russia of Russia

Critical Review QuestionsExplain the win-win that the

expansion of serfdom provided for the Russian government.

Page 27: Russia of Russia

Critical Review QuestionsWrite 2-3 statements comparing

Russian serfdom, Western European serfdom, chattel slavery of the Americas and indentured servitude.

Page 28: Russia of Russia

Critical Review QuestionsConsidering the events of the

Pugachev Rebellion, make a couple observations about Russian society.

Page 29: Russia of Russia

Critical Review QuestionsDBQ prompt: Analyze the

attitudes of the Russian government toward serfdom.

Tasks from “Decree on Serfs” 1767

1. annotate doc.2. write POV statement

Page 30: Russia of Russia

Describe the common labor characteristics (using specific terms) in Russia, W. Europe, Americas and

Japan during period 4.

Critical Intro: