ROMANESQUE PAINTINGS

(The Age Of Pilgrimages)

By: Neha KestwalM.DES (1st Semester)Visual and Design CultureWall panting from Church - S. Angelo in Formis

History

• Romanesque Era – 11th – 12th Century.•Travelled from Holy Empire Rome to Italy, France, Germany, Spain and England.• Era where Christianity flourished.

Influenced

Romanesque Painting

Byzantine Painting

Roman Sculpture

Gothic Painting

Characteristics

Author : artist from southern FranceDate :c. 1180Technique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation :The Panteón de los Re 'es of San Isidoro in LeonSource : E- Book “Romanesque – Architecture, Sculpture, Painting (Art Book)”, Edited by Rolf Toman; pp. 391

Murder of Innocent in Bethlehem

• Wall Painting using technique Frescoes, Secco andTempera.•Flat Drawing.•Lack Perspective.• Elongated Body Parts.•Use of Black color to outline figure.• Religious, Bring out message of stories of old And new Testaments.• Hierarchy shown by gradual decrease in sizes.•Eyes are wide open.•According to areas under Romanesque there is little change in paintings.•Uses Bright and intense Colors (Red, Yellow, Orange, Blue)

Visual Representation of Image

Expression less face; but eyes are wide open. Providing feeling of strict religious sprituality.

Religious sentiments shown by gestural representation.

Like in Byzantine era pictures are enclosed inside a frame.

Variation in Romanesque Painting

Three “Christs in Majesty” provide examples:

Church- Sant'Angelo in Formis (around 1080), Church -San Clemente in Tahull (around 1123), and Church -Berze-la-Ville (around 1120).

Christ in Majesty

Author : Abbot Desiderius of Montecassino Date :c. 1120Technique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation :Sant'Angelo in FormisSource : : E- Book “Romanesque – Architecture, Sculpture, Painting (Art Book)”, Edited by Rolf Toman; pp. 409

• Follow east-Roman pictorial system.• No depictions of a majesty with the Evangelists‘ symbols are known in Constantinople.• artist integrated north Carolingian and Roman/early Christian pictorial conceptions in order to create his Christ in Majesty.•Byzantine Style.

Christ in Majesty

Date :c 1123Technique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation :Apse of San Clemente TahullCurrent Location : Barcelona, Museo de Arte de CatalunaSource : : E- Book “Romanesque – Architecture, Sculpture, Painting (Art Book)”, Edited by Rolf Toman; pp. 409

• The face of God in Sant’ Angelo in Formis turns into a mask in Tahull.• Sant’ Angelo is depicted in asofter and more animated style; and appears harder and more rigid in Tahull. (Influence of M0zarabic style)

Christ in Majesty

Date :c. 11 CenturyTechnique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation :Bern-la-VilleSource : : E- Book “Romanesque – Architecture, Sculpture, Painting (Art Book)”, Edited by Rolf Toman; pp. 409

• faced with soft, flowing linesand a sublime use of color. • strict formalism which was derived from the Byzantine monumental style.• Change in Gown, the dense folds of which wind Themselves along the various parts of the bodies.

GROUP COMPOSITION Two basic types can be distinguished, the additive and the integrative

principle. Additive principle: The figures are placed next to one another without

significant overlapping. Integrative principle: The figures are arranged both side by side and

behind one another, resulting overlaps are very conspicuous and are supposed to suggest a feeling of spatial depth. But such group compositions often appear like a flat piling-up of bodies without conveying any spatial connection.

Additive Integrative

Decoration Church of Sant Angelo DI FormisDate :c. 1123Technique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation :Italy

Author : CATALAN ROMANESQUE PAINTERDate :c. 1123Technique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation :Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya, BarcelonaSource : http://www.lib-art.com/artgallery/37444-the-madonna-enthroned-romanesque-painter-catalan.html

Four Apostles

Date :c. 12th centuryTechnique :FrescoType :religiousForm :paintingLocation : S. Clemente, RomeSource :Book- The history of Art Architecture Painting Sculpture; Author - Hamlyn

Preservation of Fresco PaintingProtection and Support Bandage applied

(cotton gauze and polyvinyl alcohol)

Difficult Section Removed(soft brushes and localized vacuuming)

Easier Section Removed(with a paper pulp compress saturated with bicarbonate of ammonia solutions and removed with de-ionized water)

Removed sections are strengthened with barium hydrate

cracks and detachments are stopped with lime putty and injected with an epoxy resin loaded with micronized silica

References E- Book “Romanesque – Architecture, Sculpture, Painting (Art Book)”,

Edited by Rolf Toman www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/508431/Romanesque-art www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/rmsq/hd_rmsq.htm Book – “A world of Art”; Author – Hugh Honour & John Fleming (7th

Edition: 709 Reference: 8512) Book – “The History of Art Architecture Painting Sculpture”; Author –

Hamlyn (700.9 MYE, Reference: 227)

Thank you