rhetoric (& penguins)

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Rhetoric (& Penguins) Nathan Loynes

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Page 1: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Rhetoric (& Penguins)

Nathan Loynes

Page 2: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Rhetoric is an ‘appeal’

Page 3: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Logos

Page 4: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Ethos

Page 5: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Pathos

Page 6: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Logos

Page 7: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Logos may be affected by logical fallacies

Page 8: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Slippery Slope

Argument is made through momentum;like falling down a slippery slope: “and then…? and then…? and then…? There! I told you so!”

Page 9: Rhetoric (& penguins)

How did he get here?!?

How did he get to here?!?

? ???

Hasty Generalisation

Page 10: Rhetoric (& penguins)

“I am theCause!”

“He was asleepanyway!”

Post hoc ergo prompter hoc (sequence equals causality)

Page 11: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Genetic Fallacy

What did you expect?He is from Belgium

Page 12: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Begging the claim

Page 13: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Circular Argument

Page 14: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Either/or

“It’s blackOr white”

“What about the grey, man?”

Page 15: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Ad hominem: attack on the person (penguin) i.e. insults

Page 16: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Ad Populum. Popular association appeal

Page 17: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Red Herring (what’s WITH these penguins…?)

Page 18: Rhetoric (& penguins)

Conclusion

• Rhetoric is employed through a range of stylistic techniques.

• Logical fallacies occur either accidentally, or purposively.

• Unspotted logical fallacies can convince us of an invalid argument, or distract us from the issue at hand.

[Source: Weida & Stolley, 2013]