Respiration and FermentationMore cellular processes!!!

How do we get energy?When you eat food from plants,

such as potatoes, you are eating the plant’s stored energy

Before food can provide your body with energy, it must pass through your digestive system

Food gets broken down into small molecules and pass into your bloodstream

Then, the molecules move into your cells where energy can be released through the process of Cellular Respiration

What is respiration?The process by which cells obtain

energy from glucose

Cells of ALL living things, even plants, carry out respiration by breaking down carbohydrates (energy stored in plants)

The Two Stages of Respiration

Stage One: Takes place in the cytoplasm

Molecules of glucose are broken down

No oxygen is usedA small amount of energy is

released

Stage Two: Takes place in the mitochondria

Small molecules are broken down into smaller molecules and release great amounts of energyOxygen is required in this stepThis is why mitochondria are

called the “powerhouses” of the cell

Respiration EquationC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 +

6H20 + EnergyThe products, Carbon

Dioxide and Water diffuse out of the cell

In most animals, Carbon Dioxide and water leave through exhalation when you breathe out

How are Photosynthesis and Respiration related?They are EXACT

opposites of each other!!!

The waste products of Photosynthesis are needed for Respiration and the waste products of Respiration are needed for Photosynthesis

Glucose

Earth’s BalanceTogether, these

two processes form a cycle that keeps the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in balance so that all organisms can survive!

FermentationThe process by which organisms get

energy from food without using oxygen but the amount of energy released is much lower

Some single-celled organisms need to use fermentation because they live in places without oxygen

Alcoholic FermentationHappens when organismsSuch as yeast break downSugars.

Carbon Dioxide, a small amount of energy, and alcohol are the products

Check for understanding: Yeast is used when baking bread. What do you think causes bread to rise when yeast undergoes fermentation?

Lactic Acid FermentationHave you ever gotten sore muscles?

Then you’ve experienced the effects of Lactic Acid!

When your muscles use up oxygen faster than it can be replaced, fermentation happens and a product is lactic acid, which causes pain in your muscles.