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Residual Current Circuit Breakers www.sigmaelektrik.com 1 RCCB General Information.............................................................. Application............................................................................ How To Identify An RCCB From Its Markings........................... Technical Specifications....................................................... Working Principle................................................................... Protection Against Hazardous Shock Currents........................ Protective Action................................................................... The Installations Standards..................................................... Selective Tripping.................................................................. Protection Against Transient Currents............................................ Precautions................................................................................. Circuit Connection................................................................ Dimensions............................................................................ Order Information................................................................. Contents 24 24 24 26 27 27 28 29 29 30 31 31 32 33

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Residual CurrentCircuit Breakers

www.sigmaelektrik.com

1

RCCB

RC

CB

General Information..............................................................

Application............................................................................

How To Identify An RCCB From Its Markings...........................

Technical Specifications.......................................................

Working Principle...................................................................

Protection Against Hazardous Shock Currents........................

Protective Action...................................................................

The Installations Standards.....................................................

Selective Tripping..................................................................

Protection Against Transient Currents............................................

Precautions.................................................................................

Circuit Connection................................................................

Dimensions............................................................................

Order Information.................................................................

Contents24

24

24

26

27

27

28

29

29

30

31

31

32

33

Residual CurrentCircuit Breakers

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24

RCCB

Application

General Information

Sigma RCCB’s are designed to protect equipment and people from low level ground faults. Typical applications include resistance and impedance heating systems; submersible pumps; semiconductor pro-cess equipment and wet location equipment.

The RCCBs use the residual current sensing method to detect ground faults. The units monitor the load currents and will trip immediately should they detect any imbalance greater than the rated trip level. Sigma RCCB’s derive the energy required to trip from the ground fault current alone. They will operate normally even if the system voltage drops or if the neutral wire is disconnected. They will also operate normally during long periods of over voltage.

How To Identify An RCCB From Its Markings

Test button

On-Off indicator

Rated currentRated Residual Current

Lowest operational Ambient Temperature

Rated conditional short-circuit current

Sensitivity Application

30mATripping current designed for additional protection against direct contact, the 30 mA RCCB protects against leakage currents and indirect contact with earth loop impedance up to 167 ohms; for use as additional protection against direct contact, residual tripping current must not exceed 30 mA.

300mAA lees sensitive protection suitable for large installations having high levels of leakage current: 300 mA RCCB’s protect against leakage current and indirect contact up to 167 ohms earth loop impedance

Rated residual current IΔn is the value of residual current IΔ specified by the manufacturer at which the residual current circuit breaker must switch out under specified conditions. Alternating residual current must release the residual current circuit breaker within (0.5 ÷ 1) IΔn

Rated current In is the value of current specified by the manufacturer, which can be transferred by the residual current circuit breaker continuously. So the current In can pass through the contacts for an unlimited time. Therefore it is, for instance, possible to use a residual current circuit breaker with In = 25 A in 16 A circuit.

Ambient temperature T for the residual current circuit bre-akers is (-5 ÷ +40) °C according to almost all international

standards. Some residual current circuit breakers work in an extended range (-25 ÷ +40) °C. This possibility is identified by the following symbol on the rating plate.

Rated operating voltage Ue is the voltage the residual current circuit breaker is to be connected to and which properties are related to. The connected voltage has no effect on the device function but on the function of the test circuit and isolation properties.

Rated frequency fn is the frequency the residual current circuit breaker is designed for and at which it works correctly under stated conditions. Ma-jority of residual current circuit breakers are designed for fn = 50 to 60 Hz. As the residual current circuit breaker function is based on the induction

Residual CurrentCircuit Breakers

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RCCB

principle, the residual current behaviour and frequency show an effect upon tripping. When using a device designed for 50/60 Hz in a network with a different frequency, the user must count on a change of the tripping threshold i.e. a change of IΔn

Rated conditional short-circuit current Inc – short-circuit strength. The function and design principle does not allow for the residual current circuit breaker use for protection against short-circuit. For circuit protection it is necessary to use a circuit breaker or a fuse. These elements cut the short-circuited circuit safely off . The residual current circuit breaker must only withstand the through-going short-circuit current. The amplitude of the maximum through current is defined as rated conditional short-circuit current Inc. The short-circuit strength is then expressed by the current Inc. For example, on the rating plate, Inc = 10 kA is expressed by the following symbol:

Residual current circuit breaker – type AC – reacts to sine-wave residual current – it is used in conventional AC networks.

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RCCB

Type SGM-2 SGM-4 SHM-2 SHM-4 SDM-2 SDM-4

No of Poles 2 4 2 4 2 4

Rated Current In A 25, 40, 63 25, 40, 63, 80, 100

Rated Residual Current I∆n mA 30, 300 30, 300

Rated Frequency Hz 50-60 50-60

Current Sensitivity AC AC AC

Tripping Time s < 0.3 < 0.3 0.13<t<0.5

Delay Time ms Without Delay Without Delay min. 130

Rated Voltage Ue V AC 240 415 240 415 240 415

Rated Inslutaled Voltage Ui V 660 660

Rated Impulse Voltage Uimp kV 6 6

Rated Short-Circuit Withstand Current

(With NH Fuses)A 10000 6000

Electrical Life ope. V 230 4000 4000

Mechanical Life ope. 20000 20000

Degree Of Protection (After Assembly) IP 20 (IP 40) IP 20 (IP 40)

Ambient Operational Temperature oC -25 / +40 -25 / +40

Storage Temperature oC -40 / +55 -40 / +55

DimensionsW mm 35 70 35 70 35 70H mm 80 83

Colour RAL 7035 RAL 7035

Assembly Way (EN 60715) 35 mm DIN rail 35 mm DIN rail

Connection Capacity (Min./Max) mm2 1.5 - 35 1.5 - 35

Weight gr 194 334 203 339 203 339

Technical Specifications

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RCCB

RCCB works on the principle that in an electrical circuit the incoming current is the same as out going current as shown in the diagram. RCCB incorpo-rates a core balance transformer having primary and secondary windings and a sensitive relay for instantaneous detection of fault signal. The primary winding lies in series with the supply mains and load. Secondary winding is connected to a very sensitive relay. In a faultless situtation, the magnetized effects of the current carrying conductors cancel each other out. There is no residual magnetic field that could induce a voltage in the secondary. During flow of leakage current in the circuit an imbalance is created in the circuit which gives rise to leakage flux in the core. This leakage flux generates and electrical signal that is sensed by the relay and it trips the mechanism the-reby disconnecting the supply.

When pressing the TEST button ‘T’, a fault is simulated via the test resistance & RCCB trips.

Working Principle

Protection against hazardous shock currents

The structure of electro mechanical RCCB

Application

• Protection against indirect contact (indirect personnel protection). Protection is provided by disconnecting hazardous high touch voltages caused by a short circuit to exposed conductive parts of equipment.

• When using RCCBs with I∆n ≤ 30 mA, protection from direct contact (direct personnel protection) is also provided. Supplementary protection measure by disconnection when live parts are touched.

Current ranges acc. to IEC 479

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RCCB

direct contact with live parts. This level of protection cannot be achieved by any other comparable means of protecti-on against indirect contact. Wherever RCCBs are used, an appropriate protec-tive ground conductor must also be pro-vided and connected to all of the equ-ipment and parts of the system. Thus, a current can only flow through a human body if two faults are present or if the person accidentally touches live parts.

Protective ActionWhile RCCBs for rated fault current I∆n > 30 mA provide protection against indirect contact, the installation of RCCBs with I∆n ≤ 30 mA provides a high level of additional protection against unintentional direct contact with live parts. The above diagram shows the physiological responses in the human body when current flows through it, classified into current ranges. Current/time values in range 4 are dangerous, as they can initiate heart fibrillation which can result in death. The tripping range for RCCBs with rated fault currents of 10 mA and 30 mA is also indicated. On the average, the release time lies between 10 ms and 30 ms. The permissible release time, according to EN 61 008 of max. 0.2 s (200 ms) or 0.3 s (300 ms) is not reached.

Thus, RCCBs with rated fault currents of 10 mA or 30 mA provide reliable protection even if a current flows through a person as a result of unintentional

If a person directly touches live parts, two re-sistances determine the level of the current flowing through the human body, i.e. the internal resistance of the person RM and the local ground leakage resistance RSt. For the purpose of accident prevention, the worst case must be assumed which means that the local ground leakage resistance is almost zero. The resistance of the human body is dependent on the current path. For example, measurements have shown for a hand-to-hand or hand-to-foot path, a resistance of approximately 1000 W.

For 230 V AC fault voltage, this results in a current of 230 mA for the hand-to-hand path.

Examples for unintentional direct contact

Schematic drawing: Additional protection when directly touching live parts

IM: Shock current

RM: Internal resistance of human beings

RSt: Standard ground leakageresistance

RA: Grounding resistance of all conductive parts exposed to the ground-ing electrodes

Residual CurrentCircuit Breakers

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RCCB

Selective Tripping

The Installations Standards

RCCBs may be used in all three distribution network types (DIN VDE 0100 Part 410) and in an IT network system provided that the capacity of the net-work to ground is sufficient to allow a fault current to flow which has the same level as the rated fault current. The IT network can still be monitored using an insulation monitor. Both protective systems do not mutually interfere with one another.

S

I2_06168d

undelayed

RCCB

RCCB

Main distributionboard

Sub distributionboard

For undelayeddisconnection

Selective version

n = 300 mA

= 500 mA

10 mA or 30 mA

10 mA or 30 mA

= 1000 mA 10 mA or 30 mA

n

n 0,3; 0,5A

RCCB

Residual current operated circuit-breakers normally have an instantaneous release. This means that a series connection of such residual current ope-rated circuit-breakers with the aim to provide selective tripping will not operate correctly when a fault occurs. To achieve selectivity when RCCBs are connected in series, the devices connected in series must be graded both with regard to the release time as well as with regard to the rated fault cur-rent. Selective RCCBs have a tripping delay.

Selective RCCBs have the symbol S . The table opposite shows a possible grading of RCCBs for selective tripping when the RCCBs are connected in series without time delay.

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RCCB

Protection Against Transient Currents

Transient current at 250A (peak current) at point on wave 8/20ms (VDE 0664)

Transient current at 200A (peak current) at minimised point on wave 0.5ms-100kHz (pr EN 61.1008)

In order to avoid nuisance tripping (unwanted tripping due to an impulse voltage) due to lightning surges, switching on high capacitance circuits and switching surges, Rcd's series have a high level of immunity to transient currents.

S

S

G

G

Her iki anahtar üstte:

Delayed type

Without delay type

Rated residual current values for without delayed type

Tripping time span

Trip

ping

tim

e

Rated residual current values for delayed type

10 15 30 60 100 150 200 300 600 1500 (mA) 500A

1000(ms)

500

300

150130

500

10

300

10

150

10

40

60

200

50

150

4040

10

100

40

10

1

I ∆n2

I ∆n2

I ∆n1

I ∆n1

I ∆n1= 300mAI ∆n2= 30mA

I ∆n2I ∆n1

2I ∆n2 5I ∆n2

5I ∆n1

Undesired tripping region

Type In (A) I∆n (A)Standardised Value Of Operating And Non-Operating Times (in seconds) At:

I∆n (A) I∆n (A) 2 I∆n (A) 500 A

General (Instantaneous)

All Values All Values 0,3 0,15 0,04 0,04 Max. Operating time

Selective >25 >0,0300,5 0,2 0,15 0,15 Max. Operating time

0,13 0,06 0,05 0,04 Min. Operating time

Type A, AC..............................................................250 A 8/20µ

Type S, AC.............................................................3000 A 8/20µ

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RCCB

• Wiring should be done by a trained & qualified electrician as per the wiring diagram.

• All wiring necessary for operation shall be passed through the RCCB.

• The neutral conductor must be insulated against earth to the same extent as the live conductors.

• All equipments used must be properly earthed.

• To ensure correct functioning care must be taken that the neutral conductor on the load side of the RCCB must not be connected to earth, otherwise nuisance tripping may occur or tripping may be impaired.

• Suitable device either MCB or HRC fuses shall be used for short circuit and overload protection of the circuit under installation.

• Don’t expose the circuit breaker to direct sunlight, rough weather and keep it away from the influence of magnetic field.

Precautions

2 poles RCCB 4 poles RCCB

Circuit Connection

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RCCB

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32

SGM-2 / SGM-4 SHM-2 / SHM-4 / SDM-2/ SDM-4

SGM-2 / SGM-4 SHM-2 / SHM-4 / SDM-2/ SDM-4

Dimensions

SGM-2 / SGM-4

SHM-2 / SHM-4 / SDM-2 / SDM-4

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RCCB

Order Informations

2P 30 mA 6 kA RCCB's

2P 300 mA 6 kA RCCB's 2P 300 mA 6 kA selective type RCCB's

4P 30 mA 6 kA RCCB's 4P 300 mA 6 kA selective type RCCB's

4P 300 mA 6 kA RCCB's

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current

(In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA)

Order code

SHM-2 2 25 30 SHM2025030

SHM-2 2 40 30 SHM2040030

SHM-2 2 63 30 SHM2063030

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current

(In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA)

Order code

SHM-2 2 25 300 SHM2025300

SHM-2 2 40 300 SHM2040300

SHM-2 2 63 300 SHM2063300

SHM-2 2 80 300 SHM2080300

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current

(In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA)

Order code

SHM-4 4 25 30 SHM4025030

SHM-4 4 40 30 SHM4040030

SHM-4 4 63 30 SHM4063030

SHM-4 4 80 30 SHM4080030

SHM-4 4 100 30 SHM4100030

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current

(In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA)

Order code

SHM-4 4 25 300 SHM4025300

SHM-4 4 40 300 SHM4040300

SHM-4 4 63 300 SHM4063300

SHM-4 4 80 300 SHM4080300

SHM-4 4 100 300 SHM4100300

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current

(In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA)

Order code

SDM-2 2 25 300 SDM2025300

SDM-2 2 40 300 SDM2040300

SDM-2 2 63 300 SDM2063300

SDM-2 2 80 300 SDM2080300

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current

(In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA)

Order code

SDM-4 4 25 300 SDM4025300

SDM-4 4 40 300 SDM4040300

SDM-4 4 63 300 SDM4063300

SDM-4 4 80 300 SDM4080300

Residual CurrentCircuit Breakers

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RCCB

2P 30 mA 10 kA RCCB's

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current (In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA) Order code

SGM-2 2 25 30 SGM2025030

SGM-2 2 40 30 SGM2040030

SGM-2 2 63 30 SGM2063030

2P 300 mA 10 kA RCCB's

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current (In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA) Order code

SGM-2 2 25 300 SGM2025300

SGM-2 2 40 300 SGM2040300

SGM-2 2 63 300 SGM2063300

4P 30 mA 10 kA RCCB's

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current ( In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA) Order code

SGM-4 4 25 30 SGM4025030

SGM-4 4 40 30 SGM4040030

SGM-4 4 63 30 SGM4063030

4P 300 mA 10 kA RCCB's

Type Code

No Of Poles

Rated Current ( In) A

Rated Residual Current IΔn (mA) Order code

SGM-4 4 25 300 SGM4025300

SGM-4 4 40 300 SGM4040300

SGM-4 4 63 300 SGM4063300

QUALITY CERTIFICATES

ISO 9001:2008

Ekşioğlu Mah. Yeni Şile Cad. No:40 34794 Alemdağ - Çekmeköy / İstanbul / TURKEYTel: +90 216 429 72 01 (pbx) Fax: +90 216 484 41 01

[email protected]

Do not risk your safety!